Original title: Niangniang Temple’s "Shopping Festival"

　　At the entrance of Niangniang Temple in Beiding, there are notices of various incense parties and graffiti of children on the wall, which is full of life.

　　The little girl is picking out toys at the temple market of Niangniang Temple in Beiding.

　　In 1930s, the Puji Palace was in the middle of the building outside You ‘anmen. Pictures are provided by Tao Ran Yelao and Gao Shen.

　　After the commodity exchange of production development appeared, it was indispensable for buy buy to buy. Nowadays, the savvy "pickpocket party" must pay attention to shopping festivals such as "Double Eleven" and "Anniversary Celebration" when spending online and offline, and buy all the big items and small items at once. In the past, there was no online shopping or big shopping malls. Where did old Beijing go to find goods? When is the shopping festival? There is no doubt that it is a temple city.

　　Temple fair is a religious activity that the temple is open to the public, but besides praying to God and worshiping Buddha, buying daily necessities is also a major function of the temple fair. Clothing, shoes, hats, pots and pans, children’s toys, and daily necessities are all available from temple fairs. While shopping, you can also listen to cross talk, watch acrobatics and have some snacks, which can be described as a one-stop service for traveling, entertainment and purchase. The market held regularly by temple fairs also came into being, and it was called "temple market".

　　There are many temples in old Beijing, so there are naturally many temples in the city. There are dozens of famous temple cities in old Beijing, such as Chenghuang Temple, Dongyue Temple, Huguo Temple, Longfu Temple, Baiyunguan Temple, Changdian, Flower Market, Flat Peach Palace and "Five Top" Niangniang Temple. In terms of purchasing power, women are undoubtedly the biggest financiers of businesses, and the Niangniang Temple, which is sought after by women, stands out and becomes a battleground for businesses.

　　The "Five Top" Niangniang temples in Beijing are all built on the flat ground, but they are called the "Top" in a serious way. In fact, this is a folk imagination of "a fairy makes a name": Bixia Yuanjun enshrined in the temple is a goddess of Mount Tai, and her temple must be a castle in the fairy mountain. The "Five Tops" ring is listed around the capital, and both are in the urban-rural fringe, which naturally becomes an important commodity distribution center.

　　The temple market of Niangniang Temple in Beiding is opened from the first day of April to the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar. The commodities are mainly agricultural tools for daily use, and farmers from Changping and Shahe will come here to exchange materials. In order to gather popularity, every time the market opens, there will be a stage singing in front of the temple, and the troupe will be invited to be lively for a few days. Straw hats, flower baskets, etc., woven with wheat straw, are famous specialties here, and buyers are mostly suburban farmers.

　　Beiding was just busy, and from the first day to the seventh day of the fifth lunar month, the temple market of Niangniang Temple in Dongding was opened again. During the temple market, merchants gathered on both sides of Dongba main street and Niangniangmiao street, and department stores were mixed. On the first day of May, there are lion dancers at the northwest gate of Dongba and stilts in Gaobeidian. The people in Sanhe and Jixian counties all arrived overnight by train, which shows how prosperous the temple market is.

　　Zhongdingmiao City didn’t open until June of the lunar calendar at the latest. There was an ancient poem that said: "There is little dust outside the You ‘anmen Gate, and the figure smells like early rice. After Xiao Yufang opened the market, he sat on the top of the altar and made incense." At that time, there were many kinds of folk flower shows, such as the Five Tigers, Shaolin, Zhongfan, etc., and it was the only place where the traditional program "Thirteenth Flower Show" was performed.

　　Manjuji is on the only way to Xiding, and Xiding is followed by at the manjuji Temple Fair every year. There is a unique two-part allegorical saying in old Beijing: "manjuji bends down-see you at the top", which means that the two temple fairs in Xiding Niangniang Temple and manjuji are in the same period, and they are only seven or eight miles apart. After the acquaintances who are in a hurry in manjuji meet each other, they just bow their hands and wait until Xiding Niangniang Temple makes a pilgrimage before sitting down and chatting.

　　Nanding is divided into two temples: Da Nanding and Xiao Nanding. Before the rise of Miaofengshan Temple Fair, among many Niangniang Temple Fairs, several Nanding temples were the largest. Later, the small Nanding on the south extension line of the central axis of Beijing gradually replaced the big Nanding, which became a favorite place for vendors in the south of the city.

　　Xiaonanding outside Yongdingmen is not far from the city, and the area is open and the water plants are rich. The horse racing that prevailed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China was held here. Later, horse racing was banned by the government because of the disorder and the impact on the traffic in Yongdingmen, but the resulting snack street has become a climate.

　　When the scenery of the "Five Tops" is infinite, each top has a temple market with different characteristics: the top is dominated by social fire and walking; Nanding is famous for its sports cars and horse racing. Xiding is the place where the empress dowager celebrates her birthday; Beiding and Dongding are big wholesale markets.

　　In addition to the "Five Peaks", there is also a "Golden Peaks". At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Miaofengshan Temple Fair was the largest temple fair in North China, and incense clubs provided various free services for pilgrims. Although pilgrims don’t need to spend money, villagers in Shanzhong Village still call this temple fair "Miaoqiu". Like the autumn harvest, it is a good opportunity to make a fortune.

　　Women weave straw hats, round fans, flower baskets and various toys such as flowers, birds, fish and animals with wheat straw; Men go to the mountains to cut some peach branches and chop them into crutches or handicrafts two or three feet long. When the temple period is over, it will be sold out for pilgrims to buy. Pilgrims rushed to buy for good luck, and the villagers made ten times the profit.

　　These Niangniang Temple markets, with fixed time and different places and patterns, make people happy to buy and spend, which is really a shopping festival that never ends.

　　(Gao Shen Sun Wenzhao)

　　Guangming Net News (Reporter Zhao Yanyan) When it comes to International Fashion Week, what do you think of first? The runway? Tide brand? Handsome men and beautiful women? However, on the morning of October 27th, a group of Chinese aunts, with an average age of over 60 and wearing embroidered cheongsam, appeared at the WPMMC Nalanhong Gaoding special show, which broke people’s inherent impression.

　　Substitute amateurs for majors Chinese aunts can also be fashionable.

　　"Today’s catwalk, it didn’t use some beautiful models, but used some ordinary people in our lives to walk the catwalk. I think it’s very good." Du Haijiang, secretary of the Party Committee of the Palace Museum, said. On the day of the big show, 55 retired aunts dressed in colorful embroidered cheongsam walked confidently under the spotlight, which really surprised the audience.

　　"We are either professional models or a group of people who have retired." In front of the exhibition board, model Gao Xiuli took a group photo with her family with the certificate of "Nalanhong Exclusive Model". "In the past, there were few opportunities. We all organized our own activities, but in recent years, more and more institutions have invited us, and they are all related to non-legacy and nationality." Gao Xiuli said that in recent years, she has gone to a lot of cheongsam shows, but it is not the kind of cheongsam that feels particularly far away from people’s lives at first sight. "It’s all the kind of cheongsam that people think when they look at it ‘ Eh, I feel I can wear it ’ The kind of cheongsam. Moreover, there are some intangible elements such as full embroidery and Suzhou embroidery. We feel that while enriching our spare time, we also spread our China culture, which is particularly good. "

　　China elements appear on the international stage. Non-genetic seeding is the general trend

　　"It is a major trend of fashion design to integrate more national elements and non-legacy elements of China on the international stage." Tang Weiting and Yang Xiao from Beijing Institute of Fashion told Guangming. com. As design students, they got tickets for today from the school teacher and rushed to the show without stopping. "Generally, we talk about ‘ Gao ding ’ Everyone feels particularly fashionable and advanced, and today’s show is to put ‘ Full embroidery ’ This national heritage, and ‘ Cheongsam ’ This kind of China traditional dress, and ‘ Gao ding ’ This very advanced gameplay has been combined and it has been very successful. I think as a student majoring in fashion design, I have also gained a lot. "

　　Exquisite buckle, slim waist, elegant skirt and swaying earrings … … Every work presented on the runway contains more or less embroidered elements. “‘ Full embroidery ’ As an intangible cultural heritage with Manchu characteristics and a national intangible cultural heritage, she has a history of more than 800 years. " Liu Sitong, founder of Nalanhong, told reporters. "I just think of an art with such a cultural heritage. We can’t just let her lie in the museum for people to see. We should let her come into our life and combine it with our life."

　　As the provincial representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage project Manchu Embroidery in Heilongjiang Province, Liu Sitong has always been committed to promoting Manchu Embroidery culture, embroidering the new trend of the times with filar silk and colored thread, and telling Manchu Embroidery stories with needle and thread. Every stitch seems to be an emotional and cultural sustenance. A tiny steel needle connects red, yellow, blue, white and other colored silk threads in one go, weaving and embroidering exquisite patterns, showing a gorgeous and unique artistic style between the threads, which contains the innovative spirit of craftsmen’s meticulous work and courage to explore.

　　"In addition to today’s full embroidery, there are Suzhou embroidery, Shu brocade, Miao embroidery, Qiandongnan embroidery, etc. Many unique intangible elements in China have been put on the stage of different international fashion weeks one after another, and the response is particularly good." Zhang Ling, President of China District of the World Professional Fashion Model Contest, said that the concentrated display of various intangible cultural elements in the "Hundred Years Intangible Cultural Heritage Show" held in Guizhou once shocked foreign fashion people who came to watch the show. In the future, China’s non-genetic inheritors and designers will take China’s non-legacy culture to fashion weeks all over the world to let the world know about China, pay attention to China and fall in love with China.

　　Let the people know the legacy. Let the intangible heritage come into life

　　In addition to external communication, there is also internal communication. Liu Sitong said that in recent years, with the strengthening of China’s cultural heritage protection, traditional handicrafts have been revitalized and integrated into the market and life. Intangible cultural heritage is not only a product or work that embodies cultural traditions, but also a platform for people to visit in museums. Instead, it guides the masses to get in touch, know and experience intangible cultural heritage at close range, leads more social subjects to strengthen creative transformation and innovative development of intangible cultural heritage, and explores new methods, new ways and new mechanisms for the integrated development of intangible cultural heritage and cultural industries to accelerate the promotion of intangible cultural heritage.

　　"Non-legacy should be visible and participatory to ordinary people." Liu Sitong said, let the people know about the intangible heritage, feel the intangible heritage, let the children contact the intangible heritage, sow the seeds of the intangible heritage in their young hearts, and let everyone participate and work together to make the intangible heritage into life continue; Only in this way can the "non-legacy" live, move and catch fire, and the traditional craft can be truly continued.

　　"Chinese culture continues the national spirit and blood of our country. It needs to be passed down from generation to generation, and it also needs to keep pace with the times and innovate. Inheriting the intangible culture, I hope more people will join us. "

　　CCTV News:On January 9th, the State Council held a press conference on the situation and work arrangement of Spring Festival travel rush in 2020. Su Jie, director of the Comprehensive Coordination Department of Safety Production of the Emergency Management Department, introduced at the meeting that the Emergency Management Department regards doing a good job in Spring Festival travel rush this year as the first battle to do a good job in safety work throughout the year, planning, deploying and acting early, deploying and carrying out centralized rectification of safety production throughout the country, and putting forward specific work arrangements for doing a good job in safety prevention at the end of the year and the beginning of the year.

　　First, insist on supervision to ensure safety.Organize 16 working groups led by responsible comrades of relevant departments in the State Council to carry out supervision and inspection in various places, so as to promote local party committees and governments to implement Spring Festival travel rush’s safety responsibilities at all levels and eliminate potential safety hazards.

　　The second is to adhere to the "three batches" to ensure safety.The Joint Inspection Unit led by the Emergency Management Department has gone to various places to carry out safety inspections. Focus on the crowded places, fireworks, dangerous chemicals and other key areas that affect the safety of Spring Festival travel rush, adhere to the principle of "screening a batch, severely punishing a batch and exposing a batch", and strive to create a strong atmosphere of paying more attention to safety during the Spring Festival.

　　The third is to adhere to the "three synergies" to ensure safety.In conjunction with relevant departments, we will establish and improve three collaborative mechanisms of "consultation and judgment, information sharing and response and disposal", strengthen comprehensive risk monitoring and forecasting and consultation and judgment, pay close attention to changes in disastrous weather information such as freezing rain, snow, blizzard and fog, and effectively deal with unexpected events such as bad weather.

　　The fourth is to adhere to the "three preparations" to ensure safety.Focus on the three preparations of "preplan drill, duty on duty and emergency response". Strictly implement the system of leading cadres on-the-job shift, 24-hour duty in important positions and information reporting, and rescue at the first time when disasters and accidents occur. The national comprehensive fire rescue team and professional rescue teams such as safety production and earthquake always keep in a state of emergency, and earnestly prepare for emergencies and disasters.

　　On Tuesday, local time, the US Department of Commerce announced the final rules for the export control of semiconductors to China, trying to "fill" the so-called "loopholes" around the export restrictions of high-end chips and semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China on the basis of the rules announced last year.

　　In addition to restricting the supply of certain high-end chip products from American chip manufacturers such as AMD and NVIDIA to China enterprises, two China chip design enterprises have also been included in the "control list" by the United States. In addition, some countries that are considered as "at risk of transferring products and equipment to China" also need to obtain export authorization for high-end chips and equipment from the United States.

　　This action of the United States is intended to continuously prevent China from acquiring the cutting-edge technology of the semiconductor industry, and the pretext it is playing is still the "familiar formula" since the Trump era: national security plus human rights. "Our goal is always the same, that is, to limit China’s access to advanced semiconductor technologies, which are likely to promote breakthroughs in the field of artificial intelligence." US Secretary of Commerce Raimondeau said.

　　Supercomputing and cutting-edge chips give artificial intelligence technology a wide range of military applications. Raimondeau said that stricter export restrictions are aimed at controlling such "transformative" technologies.

　　Aside from other things, it is obvious that the United States is making full use of its dominant position in the field of emerging technologies to "get the upper hand" and win this decisive "Sino-US competition" in its eyes. Continued obstruction of China’s access to American technology and equipment is just one of its actions to suppress China’s technological progress, especially in the semiconductor field. All these attempts of the United States are aimed at achieving its ultimate strategic goal, which is to win the competition with China.

　　Biden’s administration has repeatedly stressed that it has no intention to curb China’s economic development. But from now on, the United States has long been doing everything it can. In this regard, the Chinese side pointed out that American enterprises and enterprises from other western countries will also become "direct victims" of the US move. AMD, NVIDIA and ASML must have this understanding. The American Semiconductor Industry Association also said that it is "evaluating the impact" and said: "Too broad unilateral control may damage the American semiconductor ecosystem without promoting national security."

　　The United States continues to generalize relevant concepts and adopt trade control measures, which will not only benefit China and the United States, but will eventually hinder technological development and progress on a global scale. As we all know, emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, have great potential and will greatly change human life. The United States, which always accuses other countries of using technology for "evil", is actually the "culprit" who chooses to use technological advantages to do evil.

　　This article was translated from the October 20th editorial of China Journal.

　　Original title: Washington gives in to its dark side

　　Produced by: Editorial Office of China Daily.

　　Compile: Tu Tian Editor: Li Haipeng

　　[Editor: Tu Tian]

　　Xinhua News Agency, Changchun, September 17th　Title: Suffering Witness: Revealing the 100th Army of Japanese Bacteriological Warfare invading China.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Liu Shuo and Zhang Boyu

　　The 100th Army of the Japanese invaders (referred to as "the 100th Army" for short) is a mysterious and unfamiliar serial number. During Japan’s invasion of China, this mysterious army under the guise of "epidemic prevention" studied all kinds of deadly bacteria and made bacterial weapons. Countless people were killed, countless animals and plants were reduced to experiments, and the whole northeast and even the whole country were shrouded in the great threat of bacterial warfare.

　　Nowadays, the terrible germ warfare has become history, and the historical truth that the Japanese invaders tried to cover up has been uncovered. We should accuse the invaders of their terrible crimes in those years, and remember our compatriots who struggled tenaciously under such threats in those years. These compatriots witnessed the sufferings brought by the 100th Army and fought unyieldingly for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

　　The "devil" of germ warfare has quietly arrived.

　　In August 1945, in a mysterious courtyard near Mengjiatun in the western suburbs of Changchun, many Japanese soldiers were busy burning photos, experimental records and some related materials. There is a terrible fact that has been covered up for many years in the information they tried to burn completely.

　　In December 1949, a germ warfare trial presided over by the former Soviet Union revealed the true meaning of the long-hidden 100th Army. According to war criminals Gao Qiao Longdu, Hirasakura Quanzuo, Sanyou and a man, the 100th Army of the Japanese invaders worked to prepare for germ warfare. This is three friends, one man (front row, left one) and Hirasakura Quanzuo (front row, right two) waiting in the trial court (data photo). Xinhua news agency

　　In December 1949, a germ warfare trial presided over by the former Soviet Union revealed the true meaning of the long-hidden 100th Army. According to war criminals Gao Qiao Longdu, Hirasakura Quanzuo, Sanyou and a man, the 100th Army of the Japanese invaders worked to prepare for germ warfare. The secret was revealed.

　　According to Liu Long, director of the research center of the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum, cavalry was once an important arm in the Japanese invasion of China, and a large number of veterinarians were needed to treat and prevent diseases, so a veterinary force was set up to meet such needs. However, with the expansion of Japan’s war of aggression, Japanese invaders need more lethal weapons, which gave birth to their idea of studying bacterial weapons and launching bacteriological warfare. As a result, the infamous 731 unit was born, and at the same time, the "devil" of the 100 th unit quietly began to create evil.

　　Zhao Shijian, a researcher at the Puppet Manchurian Palace Museum, found that the predecessor of the 100th Army was the temporary sick horse shelter set up by the Kwantung Army in November 1931. In February 1933, the Kwantung Army Command ordered the temporary sick horse shelter to be reorganized into the temporary sick horse factory of the Kwantung Army, and the site was moved from Fengtian (now Shenyang) to Xinjing (now Changchun). On April 23, 1936, the Chief of Staff of the Kwantung Army, Banyuanzheng Shiro, submitted the "Opinions on Enriching the Soldiers in Manchuria" to the Army Province, proposing "adaptation ‘ Kwantung Army Temporary Sick Horse Factory ’ , making it a research institution for treating injured horses, epidemic prevention and germ warfare countermeasures, newly established ‘ Guandong Army Veterinary Epidemic Prevention Factory ’ (At the time of listing, the official name was ‘ Kwantung Army Horse Epidemic Prevention Factory ’ ）”。

　　On August 1, 1936, the Kwantung Army Horse Epidemic Prevention Factory was established, marking the formal establishment of the 100th Japanese Army. At the end of 1940, according to the order of the Kwantung Army, this unit adopted a secret serial number, namely the 100th Manchurian Army.

　　A scanned copy of the command document of the Japanese Kwantung Army Command "Guan Can Yi Fa No.1877" (data photo). Xinhua news agency

　　The cover of animal epidemic prevention, such as horses, was quickly torn down. In 1937, an order document named "Guan Shen Yi Fa No.1877" was officially issued. The commander of the Kwantung Army, Kenji Ueda, ordered Japanese Army Minister Hajime Sugiyama to submit a report on the "Order for Military Bacteriological Research Practitioners" and appointed Kazuo Takashima and others to engage in military bacteriological research. At this point, the 100th Army officially moved from the previously declared epidemic prevention research to the organized national military bacterial research. "This marks that the 100th Army has officially gone to the point of no return of national organized crime." Zhao Shijian said.

　　During the existence of the 100th Army, "talons" extended to many places. According to reports, the 100th Army is a systematic germ warfare force, which consists of three parts: the headquarters, the branch factory and the Legion Veterinary Force. The headquarters is composed of the General Affairs Department, the Ministry of Education and the first, second, third and fourth business departments, with branches mainly in Dalian, Mudanjiang and other places. The so-called "Legion Veterinary Unit" is a special germ unit established by combining the 100th unit with the frontline units, such as the 2631st unit of the 20th army and the 2630th unit of the 11th army of the Japanese army.

　　While the Japanese invaders were busy secretly studying bacteriological weapons and preparing to launch a bacteriological war, the struggle of anti-Japanese armed forces in Northeast China under the leadership of the Party never stopped. At the same time that the 100th Army was formally established, in Tonghua, Fusong and other northeastern places, the First Army and the Second Army of the Northeast Anti-Union Army dealt a powerful blow to the Japanese invaders. The anti-United team has been growing and growing in successive battles, and the heroic northeast people have also been involved in the torrent of fighting against the brutal rule of the Japanese invaders. This situation has also stimulated the almost crazy invaders, trying to destroy the resistance force with more lethal bacterial weapons.

　　Struggle tenaciously in suffering.

　　For a long time, Unit 731 of the Japanese invaders was notorious, and its extensive use of human bodies to commit crimes such as bacteria test was appalling. Research shows that the 100th unit, as the "devil brother" of the 731 unit, has more terrorist crimes than the 731 unit.

　　However, why has the truth of the 100th Army been little known?

　　Zhao Shijian said that the Japanese invaders were worried about the exposure of their crimes after the defeat. On the eve of the defeat, the Japanese Army Province ordered the headquarters of the Kwantung Army to destroy or take away all the information and equipment related to the 100th Army, and the factory building was seriously damaged. According to the investigation data in Changchun after the war, Wang Jun, a citizen who worked as a coachman in the 100th Army, said that he saw someone burning thousands of photos with gasoline in front of the army office at that time, which was obviously destroying evidence.

　　The brutal crimes of the 100th Army cannot be burned out. Zhao Lingshi, former party secretary and vice president of Jilin Provincial Museum, has been engaged in related research of the 100th Army since 1980s. Through many visits to witnesses in that year, experts such as Zhao Lingshi uncovered the numerous crimes that this unit has been trying to hide.

　　According to Zhao Lingshi, the 100th Army, following the orders of the Japanese Military Department, has devoted its headquarters and its detachments to intense research and development since its completion, in order to research and manufacture germ weapons for germ warfare on animals and plants as soon as possible. All the bacteria that might carry out germ warfare on animals and plants have been studied repeatedly, and finally they have determined that malleolus, anthrax, rinderpest, plague and mottle are the main bacterial weapons.

　　Zhao Lingshi said that the 100th Army used a large number of animals for experiments, but it was not used for real epidemic prevention, but for cultivating and manufacturing bacteria. At that time, the 100th Army kept a large number of animals in more than 20 buildings and more than 10,000 square meters, most of which were rats and horses. According to the post-war investigation, the 100th Army bred and acquired tens of thousands of experimental animals such as rats, rabbits and horses every year. Among them, a considerable number of animals such as horses used in experiments were plundered from the families of China people.

　　With the gradual deepening of research, experts discovered a more frightening aspect of the 100th Army: conducting human experiments in vivo. After Japan’s defeat, some people near the site of the 100th Army inadvertently discovered the truth. Zhao Lingshi said that in the spring of 1949, when some villagers went to dig horse bones for fertilizer near the site of the 100 th Army, they dug up human bones and dug more and more. The villagers also found a huge body burial site, and the tragic situation could not be described.

　　Various sources further prove that the 100th Army once regarded the living as the object of bacteria test. According to the records, Keitaro Ando, a member of the 100th Army and an army veterinary second lieutenant, confirmed that he had witnessed experiments on living people as guinea pigs. After the war, army veterinarians Ohuchi and Takeshi Nishimura of the 100th Army revealed to the Allied Command in Japan that Ruosong Yujiro, the chief of the 100th Army, had conducted a live human experiment. The existing "A Report" and "G Report" in the United States directly point out that the 100th Army had conducted experiments on the efficacy of anthrax and malleolus with human living bodies and conducted cruel vivisection.

　　According to the book "Trial Materials of Former Japanese Army Soldiers Accused of Preparing and Using Bacteriological Weapons", three friends and one man, an experimenter of Japanese Army Cao Chang (Staff Sergeant), confessed that he participated in the experiment of using living people to make bacterial infections or poison drugs in the 100th Army. Some people took the experimental poison mixed with food unconsciously, and everyone was asked to eat these toxic foods many times for three friends, one man and others to observe. Sanyou and a man confirmed that, in order to keep secret, the people who were used in the experiment were all killed by injecting toxic substances after the experiment was completed.

　　Carrying out germ warfare is an important means for the Japanese army to launch a war of aggression against China. According to experts such as Liu Long, the archives found now prove that the 100th Army once conducted field bacterial tests in Hailar and other places, and also participated in the delivery of solutions and bacterial bombs containing virulent infectious germs such as plague and cholera to the Soviet Union in the Battle of Nomenkan. At that time, the plague in some places in Northeast China was also proved to be related to the 100th Army.

　　In the northeast trampled by the invaders, innocent civilians and soldiers who fought against the Japanese invaders became victims of germ warfare. In such suffering and threats, the sons and daughters of China are still tenacious and unyielding to resist. Yang Jingyu, Cao Yafan, Wei Zhengmin, Zhou Baozhong, Zhao Shangzhi and other famous anti-Japanese soldiers and people with lofty ideals made the Japanese invaders restless with immortal struggles and great sacrifices, and finally led these beasts to their demise.

　　The cruel past will always be remembered

　　In 1925, representatives of 37 countries signed the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases and Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (Geneva Protocol), and Japan was a signatory. However, the Japanese invaders trampled on their original promises in the war.

　　"Japan studied and used a large number of bacterial weapons in the war of aggression against China, which not only caused a large number of casualties among residents, but also left great psychological trauma to the victims and destroyed the natural environment." Liu Long said. According to reports, some bacterial weapons released by the 100th Army at that time not only infected and killed a large number of people and animals, but also polluted rivers, grasslands and forests. On the eve of the defeat, the Japanese invaders who fled in haste did not forget to release some animals infected with germs in the experimental field to harm innocent people.

　　Regrettably, the brutal invaders did not get the punishment they deserved. "In 1945, the 100 th Army was a force of about 940 people, but very few people actually accepted the trial afterwards." Peng Chao, a researcher at the Research Center of the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum, said. Peng Chao’s research found that most people of the 100th Army returned to Japan after the war, and most of them chose to hide this history except for some people who voluntarily exposed the crimes of the 100th Army in conducting human experiments. Some people even became famous figures in Japanese veterinary science after returning to China. The officers of the 100th Army, Kazuo Takashima, Caisan Kazuhe and Ruosong Yujiro, were not tried after returning to China, but lived a stable life.

　　Fortunately, the tenacious anti-Japanese armed forces and the broad masses were not knocked down by bacterial weapons. "This spirit of struggle and national spirit is an indispensable force in beat the devil." Liu Long said that in the face of the horrible germ warfare, the tenacious soldiers and civilians in China did not give in, but won the final victory with a long and arduous struggle, great dedication and selfless and fearless sacrifice.

　　Zhao Shijian, a researcher at the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum, looked up relevant historical materials in the database (photo taken on September 14). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　The historical truth has not been buried forever. In the 1950s, Changchun organized an investigation into the crimes of the 100th Army and took photos and other materials. In 1950, Changchun New Newspaper published many photos of criminal evidence of the 100th Army. Some people who once worked as laborers in the 100th Army also restored the truth of this "demon army" with their own experiences.

　　Now, Changchun has built a ruins garden on the basis of the ruins of the 100th Army, for people to remember that humiliating history. In the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum, a special research group composed of several researchers has achieved a series of research results. According to the plan, some documents and physical exhibits of that year will be exhibited this winter.

　　"We are contacting experts and scholars at home and abroad to carry out relevant research, looking for more historical archives and objects to reveal that little-known history and expose this crime against humanity." Zhao Jimin, vice president of the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum, said that in the future, the museum will let more people know the far-reaching impact of the Japanese invaders’ germ warfare on the people of the world through digital exhibitions and other means.

　　"Today, we study the numerous crimes of the 100th Army in order to let people remember the horrible consequences of the germ warfare in those days and the historical stain left by the Japanese aggressors that can never be erased. Taking history as a mirror, we hope that more people will know this history, love peace more, better inherit our national spirit and struggle spirit, and prevent historical tragedies from repeating themselves. " Zhao ling told the truth.

Phoenix Network Auto News On October 28th, FAW Pentium officially launched the new Pentium pony model, and the new Pentium pony launched five models at a price of 2.49-3.99 million yuan. The new Pentium pony not only provides a longer cruising range, but also has been fully upgraded in terms of safety, comfort and technology configuration, bringing users a more convenient and enjoyable driving experience.

The new Pentium pony continues its small and lovely style in design, with a body size of 3000/1510/1630mm. The new model adopts a flowing curved body shape, and the front headlights have a circle in the shape, which has a high recognition of the lighting effect and is the crowning touch of the whole vehicle.

In terms of body color matching, the new model provides six appearances of bubble blue, indigo, camellia green, peach powder, cheese white and jasmine white, and five interiors of beach gold, bubble blue, indigo, camellia green and peach powder. From the sky, flowers, fruits and oceans, we can get inspiration to adjust the color lines to meet the individual needs of different users.

In terms of power, the new Pentium pony is equipped with a rear-mounted high-power motor with a maximum power of 30kw. The long-life version has a cruising range of 222km and supports the fast charging function. It can recharge 100km when charging for 1 hour, which can meet the needs of daily travel.

In terms of safety configuration, the new Pentium pony comes standard with the main driving airbag, front and rear seat belts, low-speed driving warning and tire pressure alarm. The high-profile models also provide a reversing image system, which supports remote control of mobile App, and can unlock and find cars remotely, thus improving the intelligent level of vehicles. In addition, the new model is also equipped with BMS battery management system, and the battery is waterproof and dustproof up to IP68, ensuring the safety of use in various environments. In terms of body structure, the new model adopts a cage-type space structure composed of ten core stiffness rings, and is equipped with six anti-collision steel beams. The torsional stiffness of the body reaches 14370Nm/deg, which further improves the safety of the vehicle.

In terms of comfort configuration, the new Pentium pony also performed well. The new model comes standard with air conditioning, ramp assist, main driver’s cosmetic mirror and rear seat 5/5 points. In terms of interior design, the new model adopts the abstract shape design of dessert, and the shift knob is arranged on the dashboard, giving the button a unique visual experience.

In terms of technology configuration, the new Pentium pony has also been fully upgraded. The new model is equipped with a remote vehicle control system, and the App can display more comprehensive vehicle condition information, and support remote air conditioning control, remote unlocking and other functions. In addition, the new model also provides practical configurations such as building block space and 130mm ground clearance, as well as rich entertainment functions, such as radio, USB music, mobile phone Bluetooth, etc., making the driving trip more fun.

As early as the Renaissance, Italian Cardin thought that Chinese’s magnetic compass, printing and gunpowder were "three great inventions that the whole ancient times could not compare with". This statement has a far-reaching impact because of the emphasis of Bacon and Marx. Later, Voltaire made more detailed comments on Chinese’s inventions of papermaking, block printing, gunpowder and compass, which have included the "four great inventions" that we are familiar with. However, the theory of "four great inventions" is still difficult to comprehensively summarize the great scientific and technological achievements of our ancient ancestors.

After nearly a hundred years’ efforts, the research on the history of science and technology has achieved fruitful results, and the academic conditions for breaking through the limitations of the "four great inventions" have already been met. We should make a new inventory of important scientific and technological inventions in ancient China. Over the years, especially in today’s era of pursuing innovation, academic circles and the public have been eager to know what original scientific and technological achievements Chinese has made. Needham, Temple, Hua Jueming and other experts and scholars have made a list of China’s inventions, which has caused many discussions. Scholars have always hoped to sort out the research results of Chinese and foreign science and technology history, archaeology and other disciplines from the perspective of the whole history of human civilization, and make a prudent academic evaluation of ancient inventions.

In fact, the scientific and technological creativity of the Chinese nation has not yet been fully understood by the public. For example, our ancestors first cultivated the most important food crop-rice; The most important legume crop-soybean; One of the most important fruit crops-citrus; One of the Three beverage crops-Tea. The spread of cultivation techniques of these crops has contributed no less to the survival and development of mankind than the "four great inventions".

In order to spread the knowledge of the history of science and technology and carry forward the spirit of innovation, the Institute of Natural Science History of Chinese Academy of Sciences set up the "Important Inventions and Creations" research group in August 2013, and launched the "China Ancient Important Scientific and Technological Inventions and Creations Selection" activity.

After continuous collective investigation, we selected 85 important scientific and technological inventions in ancient China, and divided them into three categories: scientific discoveries and creations, technological inventions and engineering achievements. Among them, the engineering achievements are distinctive, showing the extraordinary ability of the ancients to create and use advanced technologies, and reflecting the inventions of technical categories such as smelting and casting, civil engineering, water conservancy, architecture, gardening and navigation. Of course, Chinese’s inventions are more than these 85. For example, in terms of machinery and instruments alone, there are jade cutting wheels, plough mirrors, drum turning in memory, grinding cars, scale leakage, lantern running, etc., as well as equatorial armillary sphere with distinctive technical characteristics and vertical axis windmill. There are also some major inventions that have spawned new creations. For example, in the utilization of soybeans, Chinese invented tofu and soy sauce.

The development of ancient science and technology categories is uneven, and the reference factors are more complicated. Therefore, it is not easy to select dozens or even hundreds of "important inventions". In the selection criteria, we focus on three aspects: first, highlight originality; The second is to reflect the advanced level of ancient science and technology development; Third, it has an important impact on world civilization. To evaluate the originality of an achievement, it is necessary to have reliable archaeological evidence or documentary records to prove that it is the earliest discovery in the world, or it belongs to one of the earliest and has outstanding characteristics.

Under the condition that the evidence is fully credible, we can easily and accurately classify and name Dujiangyan, Equation, Drawing Six-body, Jacquard, Papermaking, Porcelain, Waterway Instrument, Piston Bellows, Fireware, etc. However, some scientific discoveries and creations and technological inventions need to be properly summarized. For example, China was good at astronomical calculation in ancient times, and accumulated long-term systematic observation records, among which nova and supernova observation records also made important contributions for modern scientists to study supernova, radio source, pulsar, neutron star and other high-energy celestial bodies. We list "astronomical record" as an important creation to reflect the achievements of ancient astronomical observation in China.

next page

AITO is expected to launch a new SUV in the second half of this year, which is expected to provide two choices of 6 seats and 7 seats. The car body size of Wenjie M8 is between and M7. Taking Wenjie M9 as a reference, it is expected that Wenjie M8 will also be equipped with Huawei Turing intelligent chassis, "Giant" 800V high-voltage battery, Xuanwu car body, 192-line lidar, megapixel intelligent lighting system and 75-inch AR-HUD, etc., and it will be provided with two power versions of extended range and pure electricity.

The batteries carried by the new car are covered with five layers of safety. In the event of collision, the high-voltage flashover safety switch is cut off at a high speed, and 11 protective cavities are wrapped, thus improving the safety of the battery in an all-round way.

The starting price of is 249,800 yuan, and the starting price of the asking world M9 is 469,800 yuan. It is estimated that the starting price of the asking world M8 will be somewhere in between, with a high probability of 359,800 yuan.

Only indicate

Wenjie M8 will be equipped with Huawei A2.0 fusion sensing system, equipped with 1 laser radar, 3 millimeter-wave radars, 4 door-opening anti-collision millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars and 11 high-definition camera groups to achieve 540 full coverage and support parking valet.ADB automatic screening, width-indicating carpet, intelligent welcome, outdoor projection, etc.

Referring to the Jiejie M9, the Jiejie M8 will be equipped with all-aluminum chassis, closed air suspension, CDC variable damping shock absorber and four-wheel drive system. The extended range version adopts pure electric drive extended range platform 4.0, and its comprehensive endurance will exceed 1400km. The pure electric version adopts 800V high-voltage silicon carbide platform, equipped with synchronous electric drive system with asynchronous front drive and rear drive, and supports super fast charging.

　　On April 13th, the State Council held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authorities". Tam, director of the State Administration of Market Supervision, and Gan Lin, Tian Shihong and Pu Chun, deputy directors, introduced the situation of "stimulating market vitality and consolidating the foundation of high-quality development".

　　Insist on standardizing supervision and promoting development.

　　This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and it is particularly important to do a good job in economic work. "High-quality economic and social development is inseparable from hundreds of millions of dynamic and resilient business entities." Tam introduced that the market supervision department will give full play to the advantages of being close to the market and business entities, further optimize the supervision concept, improve the system and mechanism, and innovate ideas and measures, so as to stimulate the vitality of various business entities more vigorously and lay a solid foundation for promoting the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of quantity of the economy.

　　Deepen the activation of reform. On the one hand, it is necessary to improve the market access quasi-business exit system, build unified, standardized, fair and transparent regulatory rules, further reduce the institutional transaction costs of business entities, and provide more convenience for enterprises’ production and operation; On the other hand, we should constantly optimize the supervision methods, improve the supervision efficiency, and improve the accurate and scientific level of post-event supervision through credit supervision and smart supervision.

　　Fair competition and strong vitality. Market supervision departments have always attached equal importance to standardizing supervision and promoting development, earnestly acted as builders of fair competition system, protectors of fair competition in the market, defenders of consumers’ interests, and guardians of the unified national market, investigated and dealt with all kinds of monopolistic and unfair competition behaviors according to law, fully implemented the fair competition review system, and provided broad market space for the better development of various business entities.

　　Rule of law supervision ensures vitality. The market supervision department will further strengthen the thinking of the rule of law, use the means of the rule of law, bring the supervision and law enforcement into the track of the rule of law in an all-round way, and continuously enhance the stability of supervision and the predictability of enterprises; Further grasp the continuity and consistency of law enforcement standards, enhance market confidence and stabilize market expectations with fair and just supervision; Further coordinate the "legal situation" and grasp the "time effect" so that the supervision and law enforcement can not only show its strength but also lose its temperature.

　　Huiqi helps enterprises to increase their vitality. The market supervision department will improve and implement the measures to help enterprises with greater efforts, and put themselves in the shoes to make practical moves and solve problems for enterprises; Better support the development of individual industrial and commercial households, increase the cultivation of classification and classification and precise assistance; In-depth promotion of quality and technology to help "improve quality and strengthen enterprises" and other actions to further enhance the quality competitiveness of enterprises; Strengthen the management of illegal charges related to enterprises and effectively reduce the burden on enterprises.

　　Standardizing order and promoting vitality. Creating a "soft environment" to stimulate market vitality is inseparable from "hard means" to standardize market order. For price fraud, infringement and counterfeiting, false propaganda and other acts that undermine market rules and disrupt market order, the market supervision department will resolutely crack down and never be soft, and fully release market vitality with a good market order.

　　Promote the construction of a quality power.

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party put forward that "high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way." Quality is an important guarantee for human production and life. Building a quality country is an important way to better meet people’s needs for a better life and enhance people’s well-being.

　　The Outline of Building a Quality Power provides an action guide for promoting the construction of a quality power. Tam introduced that this year, we will focus on promoting the implementation of the outline from three aspects: consolidating the "one foundation", accelerating the construction of modern advanced measurement systems, and optimizing the supply structure of government and market standards; Improve the quality certification system and improve the comprehensive inspection and testing ability; Select and build a number of national quality standard laboratories, promote one-stop service of national quality infrastructure, and better release service efficiency. Carry out "two actions", namely, product quality improvement action and service quality improvement action, focusing on key categories such as food and medicine, as well as key groups such as the elderly, students and the disabled, and implementing full-subject, full-variety and full-chain supervision to improve quality and safety; Strengthen the supervision of life service quality, aim at outstanding problems, and focus on one industry by one, so as to further improve the consumption experience and ensure the people to enjoy a high-quality life. Implement the "three projects", implement the regional quality development demonstration project for the region, implement the industrial chain quality improvement project for the industry, and implement the China brand building project for the enterprises.

　　Standard guidance is an important symbol of a country’s high-quality development and participation in high-quality competition. Tian Shihong said: "Standards determine quality, and only high standards can have high quality. Standardization plays a fundamental and leading role in promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. " In the next step, the General Administration of Market Supervision will focus on the key objectives and tasks of building a quality-oriented country, implement the Outline of National Standardization Development and the Outline of Building a Quality-oriented Country in depth, vigorously promote the transformation of standard supply from government-led to government and market-oriented, the transformation of standard application from industry and trade-oriented to the whole economy and society, the transformation of standardization work from domestic drive to domestic and international mutual promotion, and the transformation of standardization development from quantitative scale to quality and efficiency, accelerate the construction of a standard system to promote high-quality development, and contribute to the high-quality development of the service economy and society.

　　In addition, Pu Chun introduced that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the market supervision department has established and improved a new supervision mechanism with "double random and one open" supervision as the basic means, supplemented by key supervision and based on credit supervision, and realized the process reengineering of daily supervision, realized the precise supervision of enterprises, continuously improved the supervision efficiency in the overall promotion, and effectively served the high-quality development of the economy and society. Since its launch, the national enterprise credit information publicity system has collected 5.47 billion pieces of enterprise information, with a cumulative visit of 300 billion times and an average daily visit of more than 100 million times, which has achieved good social effects.

　　Guide the healthy development of Internet platform.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that "we should vigorously develop the digital economy, improve the level of normalized supervision, and support platform enterprises to show their talents in leading development, creating jobs and international competition." Tam said: "The market supervision department will follow the law of the development of the digital economy, continuously improve the normal supervision level of the Internet platform, and guide the healthy development of the Internet platform."

　　Strengthen the supply of rules and regulations and create a stable, transparent and predictable institutional environment. We will improve the basic rules and regulations in the field of digital economy, improve supporting systems such as guidelines, guidelines and standards, and release clear signals to the market with open, fair and transparent rules and regulations, so as to stabilize market expectations and boost development confidence.

　　Promote the construction of supervision mechanism and promote the efficient coordination of Internet platform supervision. Study and explore the establishment and improvement of a hierarchical and hierarchical regulatory responsibility system, give full play to the role of comprehensive coordination mechanisms such as the joint meeting of online market supervision, improve cross-departmental comprehensive law enforcement, and explore the establishment of regional integration communication and coordination and docking cooperation mechanisms.

　　Innovate the normalized supervision mode and compact the main responsibility of compliance management of Internet platform enterprises. Grasp the key links of compliance management, improve the dynamic management mechanism of compliance risk of Internet platforms in accordance with the principles of operability, realizability and inspectability, formulate compliance evaluation indicators in sub-fields, improve measures such as spot check and assessment by government departments, daily supervision, positive incentives and penalties for violations, and promote Internet platform enterprises to consciously implement their main responsibilities.

　　Strengthen digital construction and improve the ability and level of smart supervision. Actively explore the application of new technologies such as big data, blockchain and artificial intelligence in the supervision and enforcement of Internet platforms, accelerate the construction of a national online transaction supervision platform, strengthen the monitoring and early warning and risk prevention and control of the whole network, focus on enhancing the ability of penetrating supervision, realize unified command, unified dispatch, rapid response and timely disposal, and improve the accuracy, timeliness and effectiveness of supervision.

　　Optimize service initiatives to better release the development momentum of the digital economy. Taking the establishment of the national network market supervision and service demonstration zone as the starting point, we will support and encourage local innovation in supervision and service mode, actively cultivate network business entities, promote the development of industrial clusters, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties according to law. At the same time, it is necessary to further optimize the business environment and guide Internet platform enterprises to develop in the direction of openness, innovation and empowerment.

　　In addition, regarding the anti-monopoly situation of the network platform service market, Gan Lin said: "We have always adhered to the equal emphasis on standardizing supervision and promoting development, constantly optimizing the market competition order in the platform economy through law enforcement, and further stimulating the innovation vitality and development momentum of platform enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises in the platform."

　　The market supervision department will comprehensively apply normalized anti-monopoly supervision measures to promote the level and level of competition in the platform economy field according to specific problems. First, constantly improving the system rules will further refine the specific rules of anti-monopoly supervision of Internet platforms and provide clearer and clearer behavioral guidance for business entities. Second, strengthen the guidance of competition and compliance, on the basis of investigating and handling monopoly cases according to law, urge to completely stop monopolistic behaviors such as "two choices and one choice", earnestly implement rectification measures, and actively promote platform enterprises to strengthen compliance construction. Third, constantly improve the level of normalized supervision, and put forward to strengthen the supervision efficiency of the whole chain before and after the event, strengthen the evaluation, monitoring and early warning of market competition, improve preventive supervision measures, effectively prevent and resolve the monopoly risk of Internet platforms, maintain fair competition in the market, and create a good environment for platform enterprises to standardize healthy and sustainable development.

　　@ Shenzhen Emergency Management Weibo News, affected by the typhoon "Lion Mountain", there has been heavy rain in the whole city since the 7th, and the daily maximum sliding rainfall has set a new historical extreme in October, which is the strongest rainfall this year. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, the rain will last until the afternoon of the 10th. After consultation and judgment, the municipal three defense headquarters decided to start the city’s flood control III emergency response at 10: 30 on October 9. All districts and relevant departments are requested to strengthen consultation and judgment, on-duty duty and information submission in accordance with the requirements of the Shenzhen Flood Control Plan, focusing on the inspection and close monitoring of key parts such as reservoirs, rivers, mountain ponds, construction sites and hidden dangers of geological disasters, and earnestly implementing rainstorm prevention and emergency response.