On September 2, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, rescuers used kayaks to transport trapped people. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2 nd, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, non-governmental organizations used forklifts to transport relief supplies. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, a villager took the food provided by rescuers in a bucket in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers rescued two trapped people in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers provided food for the people in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, a villager waded to the entrance of Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers waded to transport food in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers provided food for the people in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, fire fighters used assault boats to transport trapped people. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, non-governmental organizations loaded the goods and transported them to the disaster area. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 7th, Wu Weihua, male, born in September, 1956, is a native of Xiaoyi, Shanxi, Han nationality. Joined Jiu San Society in 2010. Chairman of the 14th Central Committee of Jiu San Society. Director of State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Director and Professor of Academic Committee of China Agricultural University. Distinguished professor, academician of China Academy of Sciences and Changjiang Scholar. The 12th Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Chairman botanical society of china.

　　Worked in 1974. From 1978 to 1982, he studied in the Biology Department of Shanxi University and got a bachelor’s degree. From 1982 to 1984, he studied in Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, China Academy of Sciences, and obtained a master’s degree. From 1984 to 1987, he was a lecturer in the School of Biology of Beijing Agricultural University (now China Agricultural University). From 1987 to 1989, he visited the Department of Plant Science, New Jersey State University, USA. From 1989 to 1991, he was a graduate student in the Department of Plant Science, New Jersey State University, USA, and received a doctorate. From 1991 to 1994, he went to Harvard University and Penn State University for postdoctoral research. Since 1994, he has served as an associate professor, professor, director of the Department of Plant Science, dean of the School of Biology, and director of the State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. In the meantime, from 2011 to 2012, he served as the deputy director of the Beijing Rural Work Committee, and from 2008 to 2016, he served as the director of the Life Science Department of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

　　Member of the Standing Committee of the 12th Central Committee of Jiu San Society and Vice Chairman of the 13th Central Committee. Member of the 10th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the 11th Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　The list of winners of the 15th "Five-One Project" for spiritual civilization construction was recently announced, and 10 works in Beijing won the Excellent Works Award. They are: the movie The Wandering Earth and Operation Red Sea Zhou Enlai Back to Yan ‘an, the TV series The Most Beautiful Youth, Rivers, the song We Are All Dreamcatchers, the Power of Rejuvenation, the radio drama the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Xiangshan, the book Going North and A Story in the Clouds. Beijing Youth Daily and Beijing Headline APP launched the column "Jingpin Boutique: Five Behind the Scenes", and today continue to tell you the behind-the-scenes stories of 10 literary and artistic masterpieces.

　　Guo Jingyu, a screenwriter and director who has created many excellent works such as Blade 1937 and Iron Pear Flower, is recognized as "viewing guarantee" in the industry. After the TV series "The Most Beautiful Youth" won the "Five One Project" award, Guo Jingyu, as the producer, admitted that this honor is of great significance: "This drama has made me re-recognize the true value of a literary and art worker."

　　Six screenwriters

　　Spend seven years writing plays.

　　The Most Beautiful Youth is a youth drama produced by Guo Jingyu, directed by Xing Mao Ju and starring Liu Zhiyang, He Yuhong, Zhao Hengxuan and Jia Hongwei. The TV series tells the story that in the 1960s, 18 graduates from all over China, represented by Feng Cheng and Qin Xuemei, and Chengde Weichang Forestry Department formed a pioneering team and actively responded to the call of the motherland for afforestation.

　　The script creation of "The Most Beautiful Youth" lasted for 7 years, with a total of 6 screenwriters of different ages, 32 entrepreneurs of the older generation and hundreds of forestry workers in Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm interviewed, and several drafts were changed, and the lines were constantly revised and optimized until the broadcast. Therefore, Guo Jing called it "a creation rooted in life, but also a persistent creation".

　　"The Most Beautiful Youth" was launched in Saihanba, Chengde on September 8, 2017. After 162 days, it traveled to Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou and Saihanba, Chengde, as well as Wulagai, Duolun, Hexigten Banner and wudan, Inner Mongolia. All of them were shot in real scenes, and only 36 episodes were finally broadcast. After conversion, only 6 episodes were shot every month on average — — This is very rare and extravagant in today’s industrialized TV drama assembly line. In Guo Jingyu’s words, this shooting speed is equivalent to The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and A Dream of Red Mansions many years ago.

　　40℃ below zero

　　Fighting for more than a month

　　There are no flow stars in The Most Beautiful Youth, but everyone is a qualified actor with superb acting skills and hard work, and the details that left a deep impression on Guo Jingyu abound in the creation process. Guo Jingyu recalled that in today’s relatively developed computer post-production, in order to restore the real scenes in the 1960s, post-80s director Xing Mao Ju decided to shoot the whole drama in real scenes. "Only in real scenes can actors express sincere feelings."

　　It didn’t snow in Hebei in the winter of the filming year. In order to restore the heavy snow to close the mountain, the crew moved the set scene to the north for nearly 1000 kilometers, and fought continuously for more than a month in the environment of-25℃ during the day and-40℃ at night. No one of the more than 200 young people of different jobs retreated. Among them, Guo Jingyu was very moved by two things: "There is a scene in the script, in which Zhao Tianshan, the captain, rubs his body with snow during the first snow. The script is not difficult to write, but the temperature is too low, so I really dare not let them shoot it, so when I read the script, I suggested that they move the scene into the studio and shoot it locally. But the actor insisted on being serious, and the director agreed. In another scene, the script wrote that Ji Xiurong was emotionally stimulated and danced in a thin red skirt in the ice and snow. The actors also insisted on real-life shooting, and the beautiful dance was supported by a strong will. "

　　"The Most Beautiful Youth" received a lot of praise after its broadcast. Guo Jingyu said that among all the comments and praises, he liked this sentence best: "The Most Beautiful Youth" interpreted the story that happened in Saihanba with the spirit of Saihanba.

　　Make good use of works

　　Cultivate a good team

　　In recent years, the focus of Guo Jingyu’s work has gradually shifted from screenwriter and director to producer. In his view, the broadcast effect of a good work is of course important, and it is equally important to train the team.

　　Xing Mao Ju, the director of the play, is Guo Jingyu’s "apprentice", and he has already made a name for himself in online drama before. Guo Jingyu said frankly that when he gave him The Most Beautiful Youth to shoot, many leaders were worried that he was too young to complete the task. "After six months of shooting, he reported to me. I am relieved at first sight, because he has gone from a lovely ‘ Children’s director ’ Became a ‘ Little old man ’ 。” Guo Jingyu said with a smile.

　　He Yuhong, an actress born in 1996, is a leading actress for the first time. She is very hardworking and under great pressure. In the later stage of filming, she actually shouted out in her dream, "We must plant living trees, and we should dedicate our youth to Saihanba and to the great motherland … …” Guo Jingyu said that it is really rare to talk clearly in a dream and speak so comprehensively. "Others told me this as a joke, but I burst into tears."

　　In Guo Jingyu’s view, it is these young artists who dedicated their youth in their best years, thus creating the most beautiful youth.

　　Text/reporter Yang Wenjie

　　Coordinator/Liu Jianghua

The Dream of China, starring Liu Yifei, Chen Xiao, Joe, Ada and Jelly Lin, has been very popular recently, and its popularity continues to rise. Meng Hua Lu was adapted from Guan Hanqing’s zaju script Zhao Paner’s romantic rescue.

The background of the story takes place in the Song Dynasty, and the costumes in the play are extremely excellent and elegant, vividly and skillfully highlighting the personality characteristics of the characters. No matter the actors, themes, costumes and plots are excellent, the actress’s shots in this film are even more exquisite and praised by the audience. Of course, all this is indispensable to the credit of lens language design.

Meng Hua Lu has made great efforts in the design and expression of lens language, showing the scenes and characters vividly. The shooting of the whole film is very skillful, and the lens language and picture are very beautiful, artistic, full of meaning and endless charm, presenting pleasing visual effects and bringing excellent visual experience to the audience.

The lineup of Meng Hua Lu is luxurious. The photography director is Yiqin, a senior photographer from Taiwan, China. Director Yang Yang is a famous female directors in China, a national first-class director, and his works have won various awards. The two men joined forces to integrate the theme of the film and the expression of characters’ emotions into the lens language, so that the quality and standard of Dream of China by going up one flight of stairs presented an excellent work to the audience.

In the beginning, Zhao Paner came slowly with a row of bamboo rafts in the distance, his hands alternately swaying bamboo paddles, the breeze blowing gently, the lake waves rippling, and a peaceful and pleasant scene of Jiangnan water town jumped from the paper, giving people an immersive feeling. "arm in arm to punt, the beautiful lake swings."

The camera will play Liu Yifei, the "fairy sister" of Zhao Paner. It is gentle but smart, elegant but atmospheric. This clip has made many viewers watch it again and again, immersed in enjoying this unique beauty like a fairy.

In the fifth episode of the play, the man and the woman talked about drinking, and the wine strength came up, and the eyes looking at each other also changed. Camera switching, a moment to Zhao Paner, I saw her chin staring, charming eyes, a moment to Gu Qianfan, I saw him staring, eyes tender, cut to two people in the same frame, the two sides stared at each other, rendering a subtle atmosphere, at this time, the psychological activities and relations between the two people, can be said to be self-evident.

When parting, the camera switches back and forth between the two. Zhao Paner stood on the small building, Gu Qianfan sat on the boat, and their eyes were reluctant and thoughtful. Zhao Paner eyes flow, tenderness, never removed from Qian Fan, always looked at the boat.

In the face of Zhao Paner’s eyes, Gu Qianfan gradually ignored the words of his peers and didn’t listen to them. When he turned to visit the small building, Zhao Paner’s eyes were still gentle and watery, as if penetrating his heart. At a loss, he had to avoid looking, but he couldn’t help looking in the direction of the pavilion from time to time, showing nostalgia and concern.

Moonlight gently sprinkled on the lake, lingering and lingering, and Zhao Paner watched the boat go away. "whose boat is flat tonight, where to miss the bright moon building." Silent language, with only two people’s eyes and natural scenery, expresses implicit love, which makes people feel unfinished.

The conversation under the umbrella in episode 6, scene selection and composition are very interesting. The background environment is rainy, and the umbrella held by the man and the woman is used to isolate other people in the same space. The camera focuses on the two people, highlighting the main body, making the background completely in Jiao Wai, which enriches the three-dimensional sense of the picture, meaning that this moment is the time exclusively for the two of them, providing a unique space for the next two people to talk.

The raindrops pattering on the umbrella not only created a cold atmosphere, but also narrowed the distance between them, bringing out the psychological changes of the man and the woman, and making them feel depressed. "Holding hands and looking at tears, I was speechless."

The emotion expressed in this lens language is very rich. The concern, awkwardness, pulling and attachment of two people, each picture conveys different emotions to the audience.

On the moon, the willow shoots, and people meet after dusk. In the evening, the sun is setting in the west, and they flirt. When crossing the bridge, Zhao Paner was holding a paper umbrella, and the man was holding the box, chatting while walking, his eyes staring at each other. Although it is a distant vision, there is no voice of conversation between them, but the distance between them and the direction in which their eyes look fully show their mood and relationship at this time.

This shot is poetic and picturesque, and I can’t get tired of watching it. Only a few seconds of a silhouette shot, full of story, made many viewers pause to enjoy this beautiful and romantic scene, and was also made into wallpaper by screenshots.

Meng Hua Lu, whether it is the lens language or the script lines, is carefully polished. The picture is no longer a ten-stage skinning beauty filter for domestic dramas. The lines are properly worded and flowing, the plot is fascinating and natural, and the actors’ acting skills are up to standard without any serious injuries.

Although the recent online comments on Meng Hua Lu are mixed, it is full of some discordant remarks. But on the whole, the film is exquisite in production, high in quality, picturesque and beautiful in picture, and the lens design is rich in layers and originality, which is very worth seeing!

Snow plateau can’t love

-The peaceful liberation and development of Xizang in the eyes of the first batch of veterans Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu.

■ Xu Huibo Zhang Cheng Liberation Army Daily reporter Tao Chunxiao

Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu took pictures at home. Xu huibo

[impression]

As usual, after breakfast, Yin Fatang, the old general, walked into the study with the help of the official monitor, sat at his desk and opened the subscribed Xizang Daily, and picked up a magnifying glass to look carefully.

In the corner of the desk, there is a set of series of books celebrating the 70th anniversary of the liberation of Qamdo that Yin Fatang participated in the revision. The bookcase is full of books related to Tibetan history. Among them, the words "Written by Li Guozhu" are printed on the spine of three sets of books, such as Xizang Gyangze: Historical Memory of the 1904 Anti-British Struggle, Life of a Female Soldier in Xizang and My Unfamoured Xizang. In the glass cupboard, there are many handicrafts with Xizang flavor, such as masks and tricks, which seem to silently tell the origin of this family and Xizang.

This is a residence in a small gray building in Xicheng District, Beijing. Accompanied by the faint Tibetan incense that permeates the room, it is home to the "homesickness" that Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu are unable to give up on the snowy plateau after leaving Xizang for 30 or 40 years.

Seventy-one years ago, Yin Fatang, then deputy political commissar of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army of the Fifth Corps of the Second Field Army, and Li Guozhu, a member of the Kangzang Task Force of the Political Department of the 52nd Division, marched into Xizang with the troops in the first batch, and took root in the nearest place to the sun like Gesanghua. At this point, Xizang has become their second hometown and their spiritual home.

Beijing is more than 2,500 kilometers away from Lhasa, but Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu, the "old Xizang", are separated from the mountains and rivers on the roof of the world with endless thoughts and concerns.

Celebrating the 70th anniversary of Xizang’s peaceful liberation, 99-year-old Yin Fatang is busy writing a sequel to his memoirs, which often lasts all night. As you can imagine, this will be a very heavy memoir, because Yin Fatang’s revolutionary life, especially the "Xizang", is so colorful and rich-

In May 1938, Yin Fatang took part in the revolution in his hometown of Feicheng, Shandong Province, and successively participated in the battles of leaping into Dabie Mountain, Huaihai Campaign and liberating Southwest China. In 1950, he entered Tibet with the first batch of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army. After the peaceful liberation of Xizang, he served as the secretary of the working committee of the Jiangzi Sub-committee of the CPC Xizang, the political commissar of the Jiangzi Army Division of Xizang and the director of the political department of the Xizang Military Region. In 1980s, Yin Fatang, who went to Tibet for the second time, became the first secretary of CPC Xizang Autonomous Region Party Committee, the former deputy political commissar of Chengdu Military Region and the first political commissar of Xizang Military Region, and worked in Xizang for 27 years. Even after leaving Xizang, he has been busy with the construction and development of Xizang, calling for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, promoting the smooth start of the Yangzhuoyong Lake Pumped Storage Power Station and establishing the "Yin Fatang Xizang Education Foundation".

However, after all, Yin Fatang’s hearing is limited in her old age, and she relies more on paper and pens to communicate with others. During the interview, he constantly replaced several pairs of reading glasses and magnifying glasses, trying to identify the problems we wrote on the paper.

His wife, 88-year-old Li Guozhu, warmly shook hands with us on crutches and sat down next to her husband. Li Guozhu is full of energy, her voice is loud and sweet, and she gives a hearty laugh from time to time during the chat. Compared with Yin Fatang’s colorful and well-known Tibetan past, the vivid story of Li Guozhu, an old Xizang female soldier, allows us to witness the glorious years of building Tibet and aiding Tibet from another angle.

Into Tibet

In May 1938, Yin Fatang participated in the anti-Japanese youth training class in Feicheng, Shandong Province, and carried out the "September 18th" anti-Japanese aggression propaganda. Xu Shuji, the consultant of the training class and the county party committee, felt that Yin Fatang was positive and wanted to introduce him to the Party.

Xu Shuji took Yin Fatang to a remote forest, where there were many graves with tombstones.

"Do you know who is the Communist party member here?"

Yin Fatang named several people.

"Do you also want to join communist party?"

"I want to join communist party, but I don’t know where communist party is?"

"Good, you join communist party now!"

At that time, the party organization was still underground. At the age of 16, Yin Fatang didn’t take an oath or hold a ceremony to join the Party. After taking part in the revolution for one month, he became a Communist party member, and started the journey of serving the Party and the people all his life.

After more than ten years of war and smoke, at the beginning of 1950, Yin Fatang, then deputy political commissar of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army, went to the south of Sichuan with the troops, ready to rest in the garrison. On the way, the troops received a "very important, very arduous and very glorious" mission to March into Xizang. After a swearing-in meeting that shouted "We are firm and tenacious, forge ahead courageously, overcome difficulties and ensure the completion of tasks", the 18th Army embarked on a long journey to Xizang. During this "Second Long March" of more than 2,400 kilometers, it passed more than a dozen snow-capped mountains with an altitude of 4,500 meters, crossed dozens of large and small glaciers, and crossed uninhabited virgin forests and swamps and grasslands with hidden dangers.

"I was under the age of 18. Although I didn’t join the party, I have been trying to keep up with party member." Li Guozhu added at a side. At that time, Li Guozhu was waiting for graduation assignment in the military and political university of the 12th Army, and the 18th Army sent people to the school to mobilize, telling everyone about the significance of liberating Xizang and describing the miserable life of people in Xizang being exploited and oppressed. Li Guozhu heard his blood boiling and tears streaming down his eyes in the audience, and immediately decided to sign up for Tibet without telling his family. "We are the youth of the motherland, so hard place, so arduous task, we don’t go to who? At the age of 18, it was the time to devote oneself to the motherland and serve the people! "

Li Guozhu became the first female soldier to enter Tibet. There were 30 female soldiers in the Kangzang Team of the 52nd Division where she worked. She was mainly responsible for transporting food and materials to the troops participating in the Battle of Qamdo with yaks. Although mentally prepared for the hardships along the way, when he really set foot on the road, Li Guozhu found that the road to Tibet was more bitter and difficult than expected. These 18-and 19-year-old female soldiers drive yaks every day, wade knee-deep glaciers, plow the snow at night and fall asleep on the hillside.

"Have you ever seen a dying man?" During the narration, Li Guozhu suddenly opened her eyes and asked us, and then she covered her chest and gasped, vividly imitating the altitude sickness she encountered at that time. Many female soldiers fainted and got up again, and the team stopped and went all the way. The instructor of the task force is an old party member. When he finds that some female soldiers are wavering and want to give up, he tells them the story of the Long March. Those heroic deeds of trudging through dangerous roads while fighting against the enemy can always rekindle the fighting spirit of female soldiers.

Release

After the victory of the Battle of Qamdo, on May 23, 1951, the Central People’s Government and the local government of Xizang signed the Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Xizang, which finally realized the epoch-making peaceful liberation of Xizang. However, the mission shouldered by the troops entering Tibet is far from complete.

After wading through mountains and rivers, Li Guozhu followed the task force into Xizang, and the scene in front of her shocked her immensely. "The introduction made by the school when it mobilized to go to Tibet was still very abstract. What we saw with our own eyes was that Xizang serfs were naked, walking barefoot, and working hard every day without enough food." In sharp contrast, the nobles are dressed in colorful silks and satins, and their food and clothing are all foreign high-grade goods. At that time, Xizang still continued the dark, cruel and barbaric feudal serfdom, and millions of serfs had no personal rights and freedoms at all.

Because of the need of United front work, Li Guozhu often visited the lords with silk, tea and ghee to publicize the party’s principles and policies. In the Lord’s home, Li Guozhu can always see such a scene-the Lord motioned for a cup of tea, and the slave on the side bowed his head and bent down to bring the teacup to the Lord’s hand, even without the qualification of looking up at the owner. If you accidentally spill a little when serving tea, you will be punished immediately by slapping and so on. Speaking of this, Li Guozhu still can’t hide his anger. "At that time, I thought, I can’t let people in Xizang live like this again!"

It was the People’s Liberation Army that made these Tibetans, who had never been regarded as "people", feel the love for the first time. They got to know communist party from knowing the People’s Liberation Army. The 18th Army vigorously carried out the order of "marching into Xizang and not eating anywhere" issued by the Central Committee. Yin Fatang led the troops to pick up shovels for land reclamation and self-reliance. At the same time, he helped Tibetans to repair bridges and roads, sweep the floor behind their backs, treat diseases for them free of charge, eliminate ethnic barriers and strengthen national unity. After a period of time, the names of "Bodhisattva Soldier" and "Imakiayahito" spread among Tibetans.

In 1961, the central government put down the rebellion in Xizang and millions of serfs were emancipated. Li Guozhu, who participated in the land reform, spent a month in the countryside, handing over the first land certificate of the emancipated serfs and bringing them cattle, sheep and other livestock. "Those turned serfs happily patted the cows, led them into the allocated houses to live together, and even slept on the allocated land at night, cherishing these hard-won wealth." Li Guozhu also served as a political teacher, giving lessons for emancipated serfs. She taught herself Tibetan. In addition to completing the required Tibetan courses, she took a notebook when eating and walking. When she saw the Tibetan people, she chased after learning. "If you can speak Tibetan, the Tibetan people can treat you as a relative and tell you the truth." Li Guozhu told the emancipated serfs that all people in the world are equal, and there is no distinction between high and low, so they should emancipate their minds step by step.

Close love

"At the beginning of entering Tibet, I said that I rotated every three years, but I went to Gyangze where I worked for three years. How can I go back without serving Tibetans, carrying out land reform and turning serfs over? We take the initiative to build Tibet for a long time, take the frontier as our home, and build Xizang like our hometown. " Li Guozhu and Yin Fatang stayed in Xizang for more than 20 years. Hospitals, posts and telecommunications offices, weather stations, banks, highways, airports, power stations … quite a number of "firsts" in Xizang were born with the PLA’s March into Xizang and the liberation of Xizang. Yin Fatang and his wife witnessed the seeds of a new Xizang, a new society and a new civilization, which were sown little by little in this magnificent but closed and backward land.

When Yin Fatang went to Tibet for the second time in 1980, Li Guozhu could not go with her because of the liver disease caused by altitude hypoxia, but she was always concerned about the construction and development of Xizang. After retiring in Yin Fatang, she accompanied her husband several times to inspect the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and went back to Xizang to investigate the economic and social development. In 1998, according to the advice of his family, Yin Fatang set up an education foundation with 160,000 yuan saved by three generations, which was officially renamed as "Yin Fatang Xizang Education Foundation". Later, due to their physical condition, they did not want to go back to Xizang, so they used their own way to promote Tibetan history and Xizang culture. Yin Fatang participated in compiling and examining many works on Xizang’s party history and military history, such as Military History of the 18th Army of the People’s Liberation Army of China and the Xizang Military Region, Fifty Years’ Work in Xizang, the Communist Party of China (CPC), and History of the Liberation of Xizang, and published Collected Works on Tibet Work in Yin Fatang. Li Guozhu also kept on writing, writing works such as Gyangze, Xizang: Historical Memories of the 1904 Anti-British Struggle, Xizang Life of a Female Soldier, My Unfettered Xizang, etc. He also mobilized the first batch of living female soldiers to share memories with several old comrades, and with the assistance of the Party History Research Office of Xizang Autonomous Region Party Committee, it took five years to write The First Batch of Female Soldiers Entering Xizang.

"Southwest corner barrier border, standing on the plateau north. God’s heart is close, and a brother will always be like this. " There is a banner calligraphy work hanging in Yin Fatang’s study, which shows the deep attachment of two "old Xizang". Next to it is a vertical calligraphy work, on which word for word is written the "Old Xizang Spirit" compiled by Yin Fatang with several drafts for more than 20 years.

We asked Yin Fatang about the origin of "Old Xizang Spirit". After he heard the question clearly, his spirit cheered up and motioned for us to help him to a place closer to the banner, and read out the "old Xizang spirit" word by word: "Build Tibet for a long time, and the frontier is home; One is not afraid of suffering, and the other is not afraid of death; Consciously abide by the law; Self-reliance and hard work; Especially hard-working, especially fighting, especially patient, especially United, and especially dedicated. " He spoke very slowly, and Li Guozhu listened patiently and nodded with a smile.

Yes, these two old people who have devoted themselves to Xizang are still sticking to the "old Xizang spirit"-

Long-term construction of Tibet, no shortage.

?

　　BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) According to Politico, on the 11th local time, John Kirby, strategic communication coordinator of the National Security Council of the White House, said that the Biden administration expressed "concern" about Israel’s previous use of white phosphorus bombs provided by the United States in Lebanon.

　　According to reports, Kirby told reporters on the same day, "We are worried about these reports. We will ask questions to try to learn more. "

　　Prior to Kirby’s remarks, Washington post reported on the 11th that in October, Israel bombed several areas on the Lebanese side of the temporary border between Lebanon and Israel, and used white phosphorus bombs in the attack.

　　Image source: Washington post report screenshot

　　At the time of the attack, a journalist from Washington post found fragments of three 155mm shells in a small village in the southern Lebanese border area. At least four houses in the village were burned and at least nine civilians were injured in the attack. According to the report, the marks on the ammunition fragments show that they were made in Louisiana and Arkansas in 1989 and 1992.

　　Kirby also said on the same day that the white phosphorus bomb has "legitimate military use", which is used for lighting and generating smoke to hide actions. "Obviously, whenever we provide items like white phosphorus bombs to another army, we fully expect that these items will be used for legitimate purposes … … And in accordance with the law of armed conflict. "

　　On the same day, Pentagon spokesman Pat Ryder said that since the outbreak of the new round of conflict between Palestine and Israel on October 7, the United States has not provided Israel with white phosphorus bombs.

　　Asked whether Israel used white phosphorus bombs against Lebanon, Israeli Defense Minister galante said, "The IDF and the entire Israeli security agency have always acted in accordance with international law. This is the way we have acted in the past and in the future. "

Special topic: earthquake-resistant site: the cutest soldier

Topic: A strong earthquake of magnitude 7.8 occurred in Sichuan.

Topic: Love Donation for Earthquake Relief

　

　　　　The "512" earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province always touched the hearts of Hunan fire officers and soldiers. At 8: 30 am on May 13th, loaded with the entrustment of 68 million sons and daughters of Hunan Province and the expectations of nearly 5,000 fire officers and soldiers, a 110-member Hunan fire earthquake emergency rescue team set off from Changsha and went straight to the Wenchuan disaster area in Sichuan. Later, two fire earthquake emergency rescue teams were assembled to fly to the disaster area from May 13th to 1,000.

　　　　The fire officers and soldiers at home who were affected by the disaster resolutely challenged.

　　　　During the "5.12" earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, the families of hundreds of officers and men in Hunan Province were affected, mainly in officers and men from Sichuan, Shaanxi and Chongqing. Among them, the families of two fire fighters in Changsha detachment were seriously affected, and all the houses in their homes collapsed. One of the officers and men was unable to get in touch with their families.

　　　　However, in the face of the disaster, the fire officers and soldiers were selfless. After learning that they were going to dispatch officers and soldiers to Wenchuan, Sichuan for earthquake relief, the fire officers and soldiers in the whole province strongly demanded to participate in the war. The military and political officials of various cities and States took the initiative to ask for the battle to the captain and political commissar. The remote areas such as Zhangjiajie, Huaihua and Xiangxi also repeatedly requested to participate in the war by telephone. The enthusiasm for participating in the war was high, and none of the fire officers and soldiers affected by the disaster took time off. Two soldiers of Changsha detachment also joined the commando team and went to the front. The fire brigade that the earthquake relief team will pass along the way also supports the earthquake relief work in various ways. They hope to reinforce the disaster area with their own strength and hope that the people in the disaster area will get out of trouble as soon as possible.

　　　　Olympic torchbearers go to the front line of disaster relief.

　　　　Jiang Aibing, the vanguard of the first-line earthquake relief team, is particularly familiar with it, and has also become the focus of your media reporters to capture the lens. He is the acting deputy squadron leader of the Special Service Squadron of Changsha Fire Brigade, the "leading soldier in fire fighting and rescue" of the national fire brigade, and also the torchbearer of the Hunan section of the Olympic torch relay. After getting the information that the corps will team up to go to the disaster area for reinforcements, he volunteered to ask the detachment to fight on the front line. When the media reporter asked: "If the rescue in the disaster area lasts for a long time, will you feel regret if you can’t attend the activities of the Beijing Olympic torch relay in Changsha on June 2?" He firmly replied: Being an Olympic torchbearer is the highest honor given by the country and the people, but going to the front to rescue the disaster is the sacred mission entrusted by the party and the people, and it is the unshirkable duty of fire officers and soldiers to save the people from dire straits.

　　　　Coincidentally, Wang Yonglin, the first volunteer of the national fire brigade who successfully donated hematopoietic stem cells and was also the Olympic torchbearer, also appeared in the earthquake relief team. He also rushed to the front line without hesitation. Having stood the test of thousands of fires and disaster relief scenes, he was extraordinarily calm. He said that he would race against time and death to win more time for the people in the disaster areas and rescue more victims.

　　　　At the scene where the fire-fighting and earthquake-relief commandos set out, the vows of fire officers and soldiers are particularly powerful, and they will realize their promises with actions!

　　　　Seven contract firefighters were granted special permission to go to the front line.

　　　　On the evening of May 14th, the meeting room of the Party Committee of Changsha detachment was brightly lit, and members of the Party Committee of Changsha detachment were urgently studying to send the third batch of commandos to Sichuan for earthquake relief. While Li Hao had packed his backpack and stood at the door of the conference room.

　　　　Li Hao, an ordinary contract firefighter in Changsha detachment, felt the mission and responsibility as a contract firefighter after the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, facing the bloody bodies of the people in the disaster area on TV and the crying of babies in the cracks of the ruins. After learning that the detachment will transfer the third batch of reinforcements, he could no longer hold back his enthusiasm and strongly demanded to go to the front line for earthquake relief.

　　　　Li Hao said with great pride: "As a contract firefighter, we have the responsibility and obligation to do our bit for the people in the disaster area with everyone. As long as the organization needs it, it is incumbent on us to participate in earthquake relief." He went on to say: "I have three reasons to go to the front. First, I am a contract firefighter, and it is my duty to go to the front to fight earthquake and provide disaster relief. Second, when I came to be a fireman, I was ready to bleed or even die. Third, I have good physical fitness and strong fire fighting business. I am the first in the Changsha contract firefighter training business competition! "

　　　　Li Hao’s behavior brought us surprise, but also deeply moved. In the past few days, more than 300 contract firefighters have volunteered to rush to Sichuan for earthquake relief. With the special approval of the Party Committee of the Corps, seven contract firefighters, including Li Hao, Liu Chunhui, Wang Jia, Yu Ningxia, Tu Hongjun, Huang Chao and Yi Haiwen, formed a rescue class and participated in the earthquake relief of the Third Commando. With the common wish of more than 300 contract firefighters of Changsha detachment, they embarked on a journey to Sichuan earthquake-stricken area with confidence at 8: 30 am on May 15th.

　　　　Three demobilized cadres of Hengyang detachment invited to the front line of earthquake disaster

　　　　On May 15th, three comrades including Qin Zhifeng, Zhou Fawu and Xie Guobin came to Hengyang detachment early. Due to the need of work, the organization has arranged for these three comrades to work in other places this year. This is the first time that they have returned to their "parents’ homes" after arranging to change jobs. In the detachment office, they couldn’t wait to put forward the "requirements": first, they hoped to donate money to the people in the Sichuan disaster area through the organization, and second, they requested to go to the front line of earthquake relief as a firefighter.

　　　　They always pay attention to the situation in the disaster area, care about the people in the disaster area, and pay more attention to the participation of fire forces in earthquake relief. When they learned that the corps had set up a fire-fighting earthquake emergency rescue commando to go to the front line of earthquake relief, they eagerly hoped to go to the front line of disaster relief with their comrades. They said emotionally that although the organization has arranged for them to work in other places, they are always firefighters, trained and educated by the party and the army for many years. When the party and the country need it, when the people are in danger, they have the responsibility and obligation to stand up and make their own contribution.

　　　　In the face of the severe earthquake disaster, both cadres and soldiers, and even comrades who have arranged to change jobs, have expressed their strong desire to support disaster relief and go to the front line in different ways. With infinite loyalty to the party and the people, the fire officers and soldiers in the province have made full preparations and always listen to the call of the organization. When the people in the disaster areas need it, they will go forward bravely and resolutely.

　　　　As of May 16th, three commandos of the Hunan Provincial Fire and Earthquake Emergency Rescue Team have successively carried out rescue work in Dujiangyan City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province and other severely affected areas. Together with the brothers, they have rescued eight buried people, dug up more than 20 bodies of the victims, evacuated more than 150 people and rescued a large number of living materials. At present, all three commandos have rushed to Mianyang City to participate in the rescue. A total of 216 people from the first commandos and the third commandos joined forces in Nanba Town, Pingwu County, and are cleaning up the collapsed ruins and searching for survivors. The second commando participated in the rescue in Huangping Township, Qingchuan County on the 15th, and was ordered to rush to Beichuan County to carry out the rescue work on the 16th.

　　

Editor: Zhou Zhongxiao

　　Xinhua News Agency, Paris, August 2nd　Question: How does the "Olympic effect" boost the French economy?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Wenxin Liu Fang

　　The Paris Olympic Games is in full swing, and the influence of the "Olympic effect" on the French economy has attracted people’s attention. French economic research institutions believe that the Paris Olympic Games will help boost the French economy in the short term and bring long-term benefits to French tourism.

　　This is the Eiffel Tower, which was shot on July 26th. On the same day, the opening ceremony of the 33rd Summer Olympic Games was held in Paris. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　According to a recent report released by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economics, the Paris Olympic Games will contribute 0.3 percentage points to France’s GDP growth in the third quarter. Among them, the income from Olympic tickets and broadcasting rights contributed 0.25 percentage points, and the increase in the number of tourists led to the contribution of transportation, hotels and restaurants by 0.05 percentage points.

　　Dorian Ruxie, director of the Institute’s Economic Situation Department, said that the above situation is similar to the boost to the British economy from the 2012 London Olympic Games. In the third quarter of 2012, Britain’s GDP increased by 1 percentage point month-on-month, of which the contribution of London Olympic Games was about 0.2 to 0.4 percentage point.

　　According to the French Center for Sports Law and Economics (CDES), from 2018, when the Paris Olympic Games began to be prepared, to 2034, 10 years after the end of the event, the economic benefits brought by the "Olympic effect" to the French island region where Paris is located are estimated to be between 6.7 billion and 11.1 billion euros.

　　The center believes that more than 80% of the "Olympic effect" will be released during the preparation and hosting of the Olympic Games, and the rest of the driving effect will gradually emerge in the 10 years after the Olympic Games. The tourism industry in the French island region will gain economic benefits of 201 million to 1.236 billion euros.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in Dolores Garden. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Yuxi photo

　　Didier Arino, director of "Promoting Tourism", a French tourism consulting company, believes that the positive impact of the Paris Olympic Games on French tourism will continue to appear in the next few years, "because the Olympic Games have given France an extraordinary image".

　　According to the Paris Tourism Bureau, during the Olympic Games this year, Paris is expected to welcome 15.3 million tourists, while under normal circumstances, Paris receives about 12 million tourists from July to August. According to the statistics of Paris Tourism Bureau, from July 24th to 27th, Paris has received 650,000 tourists, a year-on-year increase of 16%. On the day before the opening ceremony, the number of visitors to Paris increased by 34.6% year-on-year.

　　Corinna Menago, director of the Paris Tourism Bureau, said that Paris has always been "quiet" in August, but the tourism situation in Paris will be "very good" in August this year. The Paris Tourism Bureau predicts that the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will be close to 90% in the first weekend of August.

　　According to the statistics of the French Tourism Development Agency, the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will exceed 80% during the whole Olympic Games, and the number of days for booking short-term rental houses with furniture will increase by 60%.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in front of the glass pyramid in the Louvre. Xinhua News Agency reporter Sun Fei photo

　　In the center near Paris by car — The "Olympic effect" is also very obvious in the Loire Valley region, Champagne region and Normandy region. According to the French Tourism Development Agency, this is partly driven by foreign tourists who come to watch the Olympic Games.

　　As the Olympic Games are distributed in many cities in France, there are more than 1,000 Olympic preparation centers in France, which are used as training and rest bases for Olympic delegations. Almost all French cities that host Olympic events and provide training venues will benefit from the "Olympic effect".

　　In Marseille, a tourist city in southern France where football and sailing events are held, local institutions predict that the city will receive 825,000 visitors during the Olympic Games and gain economic benefits of about 179 million euros.

　　In terms of employment, according to French media reports, the Paris Olympic Games will create nearly 90,000 jobs for the French island region, which are distributed in hotels, restaurants, logistics, tourism and other fields. The International Olympic Committee predicts that the Paris Olympic Games will create a total of 181,000 related jobs and enable 30,000 people to acquire vocational skills through training.

Caroline Eichhorn, a 27-year-old grassroots cadre, witnessed the magnificent turn of the German Social Democratic Party (SPD). "Less than a year ago, many people tried their best not to have anything to do with the Social Democratic Party, and they were all afraid of getting our’ political poison’." Caroline laughed at herself to The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) recently. "Now we can meet people from all walks of life and basically see smiling faces."

On September 27th, 2021, in Berlin, Germany, Scholz, leader of the Social Democratic Party and candidate for prime minister, accepted flowers. Pengpai image map

On the evening of September 26th, local time, the German Bundestag election ended, and the 16-year Merkel era was about to come to an end. The Social Democratic Party won a slight lead in the election.

Since joining the Social Democratic Party in 2016, Caroline has never seen such a "grand occasion": crowded local party departments, fresh young faces and relaxed expressions of party member people. These are long-lost sights, which seem to only appear in the history of the party. "For colleagues whose party age is similar to mine, everyone’s mood is similar. These days are a bit like a holiday." Caroline told The Paper.

Her words are not exaggerated in general, and the Social Democrats do have reason to rejoice. In the second half of Merkel’s period, this old-fashioned political party, which once represented the European social democratic movement, has almost been concluded by public opinion: if we search the media reports of the past few years, in addition to the German media themselves, the mainstream English media often rudely evaluate the Social Democratic Party as a "dying political antique".

After winning the election, public opinion was decisively reversed. The British "Guardian" even talked about the overall rise of the European Social Democratic Party after the German election. This old party, which was born in 1863, has a "second spring" for a time. Although its advantages are weak and the future of forming a cabinet is not clear, it has not prevented Caroline and her colleagues from entering the celebration mode.

"political antiques" turn over

When she first joined the Social Democratic Party, Caroline felt that she might be a minority among her peers. At that time, she had just finished the Erasmus exchange program in Rennes, a small town in western France, and returned to Mannheim to finish her last year of college.

"Why do you want to join such a doddering party? This is the question I was most often asked by my friends at that time. " Caroline recalled, "I was advised that if I have a sense of mission to environmental protection, I should not hesitate to join the Green Party with a bright future, and that is where future leaders gather; If I am obsessed with social justice, I can consider the Die Linke, which keeps refreshing my sense of existence. Why do you want to tie your personal future to the dying Social Democratic Party? "

The Social Democratic Party suffered a crushing defeat in the 2009 federal parliamentary election. In 2013, it won 25.7% of the votes, and the election rebounded slightly, but it was still firmly suppressed by the 41.5% of the votes of the Alliance Party. Shortly after Caroline joined in 2017, the Social Democratic Party won only 20% of the votes in the general election. It can be said that during the entire Merkel era, the Social Democratic Party was deeply in the shadow of the Coalition party.

Traditionally, the Social Democratic Party and the CDU are two major competitors in German politics. In Merkel’s current government, the Social Democratic Party and the Coalition Party (CDU/CSU) were in power together out of helplessness. However, this does not prevent Scholz, the candidate of the Social Democratic Party as prime minister, from portraying herself as some kind of successor to Merkel’s legacy in her campaign strategy.

Zheng Chunrong, director of the German Studies Center of Tongji University, told The Paper that Scholz just enjoyed the "ruling bonus" of Merkel’s government. As a member of the cabinet, he faced major challenges such as the epidemic together with Merkel. If voters think that Merkel’s government has any ruling achievements, it is also due to Scholz. In addition, the Social Democratic Party has long recommended Scholz, who is not even the leader of the Party, as the candidate for prime minister. No matter how low the polls were, the Social Democratic Party did not split and fight, which also helped Scholz to build his steady image.

For the sake of public relations, Scholz also imitated some behaviors of Merkel, such as the common diamond gesture. This was immediately dismissed by the German media as a poor imitation, and was also accused by Merkel herself. However, in addition to his superficial actions, the strategy of forcibly getting involved with Merkel did have a certain effect. After all, the Social Democratic Party has worked with Merkel for many years, and some Coalition party voters have less doubts and strangeness. They can abandon the Coalition party for change, but they will not give their votes to the Green Party or the radical left party for prudent reasons.

Scholz imitates Merkel’s gestures.

Unexpected votes

Caroline was very impressed by a voter who worked for Daimler. His name is Constantine and he works as an engineer in Daimler’s factory in Mannheim. Constantine is over 40 years old and has long been accustomed to the stability and comfort of Merkel’s era. In the past few elections, he voted for the CDU.

"When I visited him a few months ago, I thought it was just a routine, and he would definitely continue to vote for the CDU." Caroline said, "I didn’t expect him to catch me that day and ask a series of questions, from industrial policy to employee welfare to energy transformation, for an hour and a half." Caroline’s interviewee lives in a three-story villa with a small garden, which is furnished with a sense of design and has a corner dedicated to collecting various classic models of Daimler’s cars.

Constantine has been engaged in the development and improvement of fuel engines in the factory for many years. As the technical backbone of a century-old factory, he told Caroline that he can earn more than 5,000 euros a month, and he also has more than 40 days of paid holidays every year, and he can take his wife and three children to Australia, Iceland and Turkey for holidays abroad. Therefore, for Constantine, Daimler provides not only a job opportunity, but a lifelong career. But in the second half of Merkel’s era, he saw the outline of the crisis looming.

"Before showing his interest in the Social Democratic Party, Constantine told me his worries." Caroline recalled that the mainstream consensus in German society today is to phase out fossil fuels, and the differences between various parties are only a matter of timetable, not necessity. If the transformation must come, as a practitioner in the automobile industry, he hopes that the change will not be too radical, and that engineers and senior skilled workers can live under a government that pays attention to protecting the rights and interests of employees. "

Daimler factory in Mannheim in the 1920s.

Daimler company is not a wave in the tide of green energy transformation in Germany. According to The New York Times, Daimler didn’t release its first car that uses electricity completely until this year, and in order to conform to the industry trend, the company has set a grand plan to eliminate internal combustion engines in 2030. A senior engineer named Alexander hinted at the pessimism about the employment prospects in an interview with the US media. "An internal combustion engine needs 1,200 parts, and 200 is enough if electricity is used."

As Constantine told Caroline, all the major political parties in Germany, except the Choice Party, said that climate and energy transformation should be the priorities of the next government, and they all promised voters a timetable to achieve carbon neutrality. The center-left Social Democratic Party and the Coalition Party have been in power for many years, and like the CDU, they all advocate carbon neutrality by 2045 at the latest. In Germany, where green issues have swept public opinion, this is a relatively satisfactory formulation. In contrast, the Green Party calls for carbon neutrality within 20 years, and renewable energy will replace all fossil fuels and nuclear power generation by 2035, for which the sales of new internal combustion engines will be gradually stopped around 2030.

Like most of his colleagues, Constantine is a member of Daimler’s trade union. According to Deutsche Welle, most employees of Daimler have joined trade unions, and half of the company’s supervisory board are members of trade unions. In the eyes of those who admire "Made in Germany", strong trade unions, favorable treatment, stable security and sufficient vocational skills training opportunities have maintained the long-term loyalty of outstanding engineers and workers to the company.

It is not difficult to understand that Constantine, who is tired of the CDU, has few choices left. The Social Democratic Party is the only option that does not pursue too radical energy transformation, emphasizes the welfare protection of employees and brings its own "stable old party" color. The Social Democratic Party has been called the "guardian" of national economic security by the German media, and Scholz belongs to the slightly right wing of the party, which is closer to the economic line of former Chancellor Schroeder with a slightly neoliberal color.

"This is an unexpected ticket." After harvesting Constantine’s vote, Caroline commented, "To some extent, it is also the legacy left by Merkel to our Social Democratic Party."

Fragmentation and "Introversion to Germany"

Not only the Social Democratic Party, but also the Merkel era left an indelible mark on the entire German political arena. Since the parliamentary elections in 2017, there has been a further fragmentation of "the big party is not big and the small party is not small" in German politics. This election has not changed the overall situation. It is even more and more clear that the biggest winner of the election is not the Social Democratic Party, which won the most votes, but the small parties, the Liberal Democratic Party and the Green Party, which cannot be bypassed in forming a cabinet.

Following the development of the situation two days after the election, Caroline’s joy gradually faded. "How can there be an atmosphere in which the Liberal Democratic Party and the Green Party are really in power now?" Caroline said. This statement may be exaggerated, but it accurately reflects the reality that both the Social Democratic Party and the Coalition Party want from them.

On September 29th, Social Democratic Party Secretary-General Klinebel announced that negotiations on the formation of a cabinet would be officially started on October 3rd. Klinebel, Scholz and others will hold consultations with the leaders of the Liberal Democratic Party and the Green Party. The Social Democratic Party also said that there was "no plan B" for forming a cabinet, which meant that the Social Democratic Party would no longer form a cabinet with the Coalition party, and almost regarded the "traffic light" cabinet (Social Democratic Party, Green Party and Liberal Democratic Party) as the only option.

On the other hand, Sheila Schet, the prime minister candidate of the Coalition party and the leader of the Christian Democratic League, and Xizede, the leader of the Christian Social League, also announced on the same day that they had reached an agreement within the Coalition party and would strive for leadership to form a cabinet. They also sent letters to the leaders of the Liberal Democratic Party and the Green Party to congratulate the election results, in order to win the support of the two parties for the Coalition party’s cabinet formation plan.

As the fragmentation of political parties intensifies, the aging population in Germany is also accelerating: compared with the 2017 election, the gap between the number of middle-aged and elderly voters eligible to vote and young voters has further widened, and more than half of the voters are over 50 years old. This voter structure also affects the weight of the election results determined by grand issues such as climate change.

Although climate change has become one of the top topics of public concern in Germany in recent years, there are signs before the general election, and people’s interest in grand narrative may not be as high as public opinion expected.

According to Politico, a political news website, German voters’ general concern about climate reached its peak during the flood in July this year, but it failed to become the key to the direction of votes. Many voters have different opinions. According to a poll before voting, more than half of the voters claimed that environmental protection and climate change were the most important issues, but in fact, less than a quarter of them used them to decide the ownership of their votes.

According to an online survey conducted by German media "German Editorial Network" (RND) and research company YouGov, Germans aged 18-29 are most concerned about environmental issues (53% of respondents choose), while those aged 30-54 (63%) and those aged 55 and over (79%) are most concerned about pensions. In addition, half or more respondents aged 18 to 29 are concerned about health, pension and education.

Two weeks before the general election, polls showed that environmental climate and energy transformation surpassed the COVID-19 epidemic and became the most concerned topics for German voters. However, this unprecedented concern has not brought direct benefits to the Green Party, which holds high the climate banner. When the Green Party announced in April this year that it had elected 40-year-old Anna Lena Berber as the candidate for prime minister, it caused a heated discussion, and the support rate once rushed to the first place, but when the voting approached, Berber’s popularity had fallen back to the third place.

Another surprising thing is that European issues are almost ignored by all parties. Caroline, who studied European politics, admitted that she felt that European issues were "left out" in the process of contacting voters. First of all, many elderly voters are not very interested in this. "As an individual, the European issue is certainly not the most concerned thing, and I understand the voters." Caroline explained that a large number of elderly voters are first concerned about pensions and social security, and what they are looking for from the Social Democratic Party is more certainty than a revolutionary narrative of European integration.

On September 26th, 2021, local time, Berlin, Germany, after the election, candidates from all parties participated in the TV debate. Pengpai image map

This phenomenon has also been captured by the keen French media. To the great embarrassment of European neighbors, in the public TV debate, none of the candidates of the major parties systematically and comprehensively expounded their views on EU construction. The French media le figaro commented that this was very difficult to understand, because Germany, as one of the pillars of the EU, had many reasons to think carefully about where the EU would go in the future general election.

The French media commented with some regret that the German election paid too much attention to domestic issues. The German media "Sü ddeutsche Zeitung" also admitted that at such a crucial election campaign moment that all of Europe paid attention to Germany, the Germans "did not bother to cast a glance at Europe". Of course, there are factors that voters care more about daily life. But at a deeper level, le figaro commented that it also reflected that after the EU experienced many crises (debt, refugees and COVID-19), ordinary people realized that the nation-state was back, and the governments of member countries were often able to respond to crises more quickly than transnational institutions.

"My major in France is European studies. I still remember how this experience shaped me and my classmates into Europhile. Another reason for choosing the Social Democratic Party is that I believe in a more United Europe. " Caroline recalled in French, which is still fluent today, "With rich experience of studying and traveling in many countries, I returned to my hometown of Mannheim. It didn’t take long for me to find out that the imagination of politics in my student days may be a little too romantic. At that time, I had to talk to my classmates about the grand propositions of Britain’s Brexit and the EU’s climate response. In my hometown, I found that I still had to face daily necessities in politics. "

"Besides, after the baptism of the COVID-19 epidemic, the actual side of people’s mentality is also revealed. Perhaps it is not just myself that has changed. Compared with a few years ago, Germany seems to have become more introverted. " Caroline said.

(At the request of the interviewee, Caroline and Constantine are pseudonyms.)

Recently, Zhu Lingthallium poisoning incidents have been heated up on the Internet. What kind of element is "thallium" and what kind of historical story is there? Fang Zhouzi published an article "The Legend of a Fatal Element" on Hexun.com’s personal blog on May 17th, telling us the criminal history of the deadly poison thallium.

Discovering new chemical elements was once the highest glory that chemists dreamed of. The British were far ahead in the list of new elements. During 1807 ~ 1808, David discovered or first isolated seven elements. But after more than 40 years, this glory was no longer missed by the British. More than a dozen newly discovered elements were discovered by Sweden, Germany, France, Denmark and Russia. The content of new elements in nature is becoming scarcer and scarcer, and it is becoming more and more difficult to find them.

In 1860, German Bunsen and Kirchhoff invented a new method to analyze the composition of matter — — Spectral analysis. The principle of this method is that a substance is heated at high temperature, dissociated into a gaseous state, and emitted light, which is decomposed into a spectrum composed of colored lines through a spectroscope. Different elements form different spectra. If new lines are found in the spectra, it means that new elements are found. In this way, Bunsen and Kirchhoff discovered cesium and rubidium successively.

Photo of Zhu Ling (taken in 1993)

Zhu Ling after illness.

At that time, crookes, an Englishman, turned to science journalism and edited Chemical News after finding nothing new elements. After learning about the discovery of Bunsen and Kirchhoff, crookes was re-inspired to find new elements. In March 1861, when crookes made a spectral analysis of the waste residue from a sulfuric acid plant, he found that a bright green line that had never been seen before flashed and disappeared. He is keenly aware that this may be a new element. Subsequent analysis confirmed this. He named this new element Thallium according to the color of the lines, which means "twig" in Greek and translated into thallium in Chinese. Crookes immediately published his findings, and then tried to separate this new element. However, he had too few raw materials, and only a little thallium was isolated for research in January 1862. He thought thallium was a heavy metal.

克鲁克斯不知道的是，在海峡彼岸，法国人拉米也在做同样的研究，也独立看到了那条亮绿色线条。但是拉米在5月份当地的一次学术会议上公布其发现时，克鲁克斯早已抢先公布了，所以拉米就沿用克鲁克斯的命名，称之为铊。与克鲁克斯不同的是，拉米手上有大量的原料可供分离。2星期后，他用电解法分离获得铊金属锭。

1862年5月1日，克鲁克斯应邀在伦敦世界博览会上展出他的发现，展品中除了一些铊盐，还有一粒粉末，标注“铊，一种新的金属元素”。当年6月，拉米带着铊锭从法国赶来参展。克鲁克斯和拉米碰头后，才知道拉米也独立发现了铊，而且比他更进一步获得了纯化的铊锭。而拉米则认为克鲁克斯展出的那一粒粉末根本就不是金属铊，而是铊的硫化物。两人自此起了争执。博览会组织者的一次失误让这次争执火上浇油。在获奖名单中，拉米作为铊的发现者获得奖牌，却没有克鲁克斯的名字。在克鲁克斯写信抗议后，组织者承认是编辑错误，在获奖者名单第二版中，把克鲁克斯也作为铊的发现者补进去。

Crookes thinks he is the discoverer of thallium, because he first saw the green lines of thallium, determined the elemental properties of thallium, and isolated thallium. Lamy admitted that he saw the green lines of thallium and determined the elemental properties of thallium independently later than crookes, but he first determined that thallium was a metal and really separated thallium for the first time. Lamy’s view is that only by separating the new element can it be truly discovered. Lamy also accused crookes of plagiarizing his viewpoint. Before that, crookes thought thallium was a metalloid, and only after meeting Lamy at the Expo did he know that thallium was a metal. Crookes denied plagiarizing Lamy’s views, because he didn’t know much French and Lamy didn’t know much English. How could he plagiarize when they met?

Crookes made use of his scientific media to publish a series of contributions to support himself. Other British journals have also published articles in support of crookes. British scientists are happy to support him for British honor. After all, this is the first time since David that the British have discovered new elements and compared him with David. Lamy can naturally make his own voice in the French media. Both sides are fighting for their own priority and the honor of the motherland, and they are quarrelling endlessly. Comparatively speaking, the British scientific community needs this priority more and supports crookes more. In June, 1863, nominated by Faraday and others, crookes was elected as a member of the Royal Society of England at an extremely fast speed, and his achievement was simply listed as "the discoverer of thallium". At this point, crookes became famous and no longer argued with Lamy.

Lamy experimented with thallium and found that thallium was very toxic. He once dissolved 5 grams of thallium sulfate in milk and found that it was enough to kill 2 hens, 6 ducks, 2 puppies and a bitch. Crookes doesn’t believe thallium is poisonous. He said that he had done experiments with thallium vapor for a long time and didn’t get sick because of it; He swallowed one or two thallium salts and found nothing wrong.

There is nothing to argue about on this issue. Thallium is toxic and highly toxic. Thallium sulfate is colorless, odorless and highly toxic, so it is very suitable to be used as rodenticide. Mice will not only die if they eat bait mixed with thallium sulfate, but also die if they eat the bodies of poisoned mice. Thallium sulfate has been widely used as a rodenticide in the world since the 1920s. But this rat poison can also kill people. In the early 1950s, thallium sulfate rat poison was even popular in Australia, and many cases occurred. In Sydney alone, hospitals treated 103 cases of thallium poisoning.

Poisoners like to use thallium for poisoning, because thallium is colorless and odorless, requires a small amount (about one gram can kill them), is not easy to be detected, and the symptoms (gastrointestinal reaction, hair loss, peripheral nerve disease, etc.) after poisoning are easily confused with other diseases, and it is difficult to diagnose. Thallium poisoning has therefore become a common theme in detective novels and movies. One of the most famous is pale horse published by agatha christie, a former pharmacist, in 1961. Because of its accurate description of thallium poisoning methods and symptoms, it was criticized as a poisoning textbook. There are indeed some thallium poisoning cases in which the criminals were inspired by reading pale horse. For example, in the thallium poisoning case in Florida in 1988, the police searched the suspect’s room and found a copy of pale horse. In three cases of thallium poisoning in Japan, whether you have read the pale horse or not was investigated as important evidence, especially in the case of the medical department of Tokyo University in 1991, and the witness’s testimony that the suspect had read the book was even regarded as important evidence.

Pale horse also played a positive role. In 1971, about 70 people developed strange diseases in a factory in Bowen, England, and 3 people died. A doctor who read "pale horse" realized that it might be thallium poisoning and contacted the police. It turned out that an employee who poisoned his family at the age of 14 threw thallium into tea for everyone to drink. In 1977, a 19-month-old baby was sent from Qatar to London for rescue because of a strange disease. A nurse who read "pale horse" suspected thallium poisoning. After testing thallium poisoning, she confirmed her suspicion. However, she was not poisoned, but ate rat poison containing thallium sulfate by mistake.

Thallium has its application value in medical treatment, chemical engineering, material engineering and other fields, but its reputation as a poison is so great that people think that it exists as a poison. In fact, due to the progress of diagnosis and medical technology, thallium is no longer a good poison. It usually takes two weeks or more from onset to death after thallium poisoning. If it can be diagnosed and detoxified in time, there will be almost no sequelae. What is needed is that doctors should have enough knowledge and vigilance against thallium poisoning.