On September 2, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, rescuers used kayaks to transport trapped people. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2 nd, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, non-governmental organizations used forklifts to transport relief supplies. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, a villager took the food provided by rescuers in a bucket in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers rescued two trapped people in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers provided food for the people in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, a villager waded to the entrance of Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers waded to transport food in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, rescuers provided food for the people in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, in the gorgeous community of Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, fire fighters used assault boats to transport trapped people. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

On September 2, in Shuxiang Village, Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, non-governmental organizations loaded the goods and transported them to the disaster area. In the past few days, continuous heavy rainfall in Chaoyang District, Shantou, Guangdong Province has caused serious disasters. Waterlogging and flooding have occurred in 13 towns (streets) in the whole district. There are 229 affected villages (communities) in the whole district with a population of 394,674. As of press time, relevant government departments and non-governmental organizations are still fighting floods and providing disaster relief in the disaster areas, and 58,962 people have been safely transferred. China News Service reporter Chen Yushe

　　The list of winners of the 15th "Five-One Project" for spiritual civilization construction was recently announced, and 10 works in Beijing won the Excellent Works Award. They are: the movie The Wandering Earth and Operation Red Sea Zhou Enlai Back to Yan ‘an, the TV series The Most Beautiful Youth, Rivers, the song We Are All Dreamcatchers, the Power of Rejuvenation, the radio drama the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Xiangshan, the book Going North and A Story in the Clouds. Beijing Youth Daily and Beijing Headline APP launched the column "Jingpin Boutique: Five Behind the Scenes", and today continue to tell you the behind-the-scenes stories of 10 literary and artistic masterpieces.

　　Guo Jingyu, a screenwriter and director who has created many excellent works such as Blade 1937 and Iron Pear Flower, is recognized as "viewing guarantee" in the industry. After the TV series "The Most Beautiful Youth" won the "Five One Project" award, Guo Jingyu, as the producer, admitted that this honor is of great significance: "This drama has made me re-recognize the true value of a literary and art worker."

　　Six screenwriters

　　Spend seven years writing plays.

　　The Most Beautiful Youth is a youth drama produced by Guo Jingyu, directed by Xing Mao Ju and starring Liu Zhiyang, He Yuhong, Zhao Hengxuan and Jia Hongwei. The TV series tells the story that in the 1960s, 18 graduates from all over China, represented by Feng Cheng and Qin Xuemei, and Chengde Weichang Forestry Department formed a pioneering team and actively responded to the call of the motherland for afforestation.

　　The script creation of "The Most Beautiful Youth" lasted for 7 years, with a total of 6 screenwriters of different ages, 32 entrepreneurs of the older generation and hundreds of forestry workers in Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm interviewed, and several drafts were changed, and the lines were constantly revised and optimized until the broadcast. Therefore, Guo Jing called it "a creation rooted in life, but also a persistent creation".

　　"The Most Beautiful Youth" was launched in Saihanba, Chengde on September 8, 2017. After 162 days, it traveled to Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou and Saihanba, Chengde, as well as Wulagai, Duolun, Hexigten Banner and wudan, Inner Mongolia. All of them were shot in real scenes, and only 36 episodes were finally broadcast. After conversion, only 6 episodes were shot every month on average — — This is very rare and extravagant in today’s industrialized TV drama assembly line. In Guo Jingyu’s words, this shooting speed is equivalent to The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and A Dream of Red Mansions many years ago.

　　40℃ below zero

　　Fighting for more than a month

　　There are no flow stars in The Most Beautiful Youth, but everyone is a qualified actor with superb acting skills and hard work, and the details that left a deep impression on Guo Jingyu abound in the creation process. Guo Jingyu recalled that in today’s relatively developed computer post-production, in order to restore the real scenes in the 1960s, post-80s director Xing Mao Ju decided to shoot the whole drama in real scenes. "Only in real scenes can actors express sincere feelings."

　　It didn’t snow in Hebei in the winter of the filming year. In order to restore the heavy snow to close the mountain, the crew moved the set scene to the north for nearly 1000 kilometers, and fought continuously for more than a month in the environment of-25℃ during the day and-40℃ at night. No one of the more than 200 young people of different jobs retreated. Among them, Guo Jingyu was very moved by two things: "There is a scene in the script, in which Zhao Tianshan, the captain, rubs his body with snow during the first snow. The script is not difficult to write, but the temperature is too low, so I really dare not let them shoot it, so when I read the script, I suggested that they move the scene into the studio and shoot it locally. But the actor insisted on being serious, and the director agreed. In another scene, the script wrote that Ji Xiurong was emotionally stimulated and danced in a thin red skirt in the ice and snow. The actors also insisted on real-life shooting, and the beautiful dance was supported by a strong will. "

　　"The Most Beautiful Youth" received a lot of praise after its broadcast. Guo Jingyu said that among all the comments and praises, he liked this sentence best: "The Most Beautiful Youth" interpreted the story that happened in Saihanba with the spirit of Saihanba.

　　Make good use of works

　　Cultivate a good team

　　In recent years, the focus of Guo Jingyu’s work has gradually shifted from screenwriter and director to producer. In his view, the broadcast effect of a good work is of course important, and it is equally important to train the team.

　　Xing Mao Ju, the director of the play, is Guo Jingyu’s "apprentice", and he has already made a name for himself in online drama before. Guo Jingyu said frankly that when he gave him The Most Beautiful Youth to shoot, many leaders were worried that he was too young to complete the task. "After six months of shooting, he reported to me. I am relieved at first sight, because he has gone from a lovely ‘ Children’s director ’ Became a ‘ Little old man ’ 。” Guo Jingyu said with a smile.

　　He Yuhong, an actress born in 1996, is a leading actress for the first time. She is very hardworking and under great pressure. In the later stage of filming, she actually shouted out in her dream, "We must plant living trees, and we should dedicate our youth to Saihanba and to the great motherland … …” Guo Jingyu said that it is really rare to talk clearly in a dream and speak so comprehensively. "Others told me this as a joke, but I burst into tears."

　　In Guo Jingyu’s view, it is these young artists who dedicated their youth in their best years, thus creating the most beautiful youth.

　　Text/reporter Yang Wenjie

　　Coordinator/Liu Jianghua

　　Recently, the reporter learned from the Baise Border Management Detachment in Guangxi that they cracked a serious smuggling case, seized 230 "three non-"foreigners, arrested 50 organized transporters and destroyed 7 criminal gangs. This extra-large smuggling case has a long time span, many people have been arrested, and the first clue of the case is that the van is overcrowded.

　　One day in October, 2022, the police at Tongling border checkpoint in Jingxi, Guangxi, found a suspicious van during routine inspection.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Jingxi Brigade Immigration Management Police
Pang Jiaxing: A mini-car has transported 21 people, and the car is full of heads, which is very suspicious. We asked everyone on the bus to come down for inspection. They were all foreigners and they were very nervous because they didn’t speak Chinese. According to work experience, we know that these people are "three non-"foreigners.

　　The "three non-"foreigners refer to foreigners who enter the country illegally, reside illegally and are employed illegally. After the van was found to be overloaded with "three non-"foreigners, the police at the border checkpoint followed the line and successively seized eight batches of 78 "three non-"foreigners who illegally entered the country to work. After a surprise trial, the police found some important clues.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Jingxi Brigade Immigration Management Police
Pang Jiaxing: These foreigners gathered in Fujian and Guangdong first, and then the "snakehead" arranged vehicles. They stayed at the transit point, had payment records in their mobile phones, and took photos when they felt fresh in a place.

　　After the police conducted multiple comparisons on the information in the mobile phone, several "snakeheads" such as Guo Mouquan, Liao Modong and Yao Mouzhi surfaced, and behind the "snakeheads" may involve multiple criminal chains of a cross-border criminal gang.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Law Enforcement Investigation Team Immigration Management Police
Lu Jungu: Through the serial investigation of several cases, we found that these illegal immigrants were smuggled by the same foreign organization (smuggling gang). In order to make huge profits, this gang has been organizing smuggling activities in the border areas of Guangdong, Guangxi and China and Vietnam, seriously undermining social order and endangering border security.

　　The small leader led out the "big boss" and "top snake head" and was arrested.

　　Although the police have seized many stowaways, the real backbone members continue to commit crimes thousands of miles away. They lured drivers at high prices, organized "three non-"personnel to return and smuggle, and people were arrested in Nanning, Guigang and other counties and cities in Guangxi. The task force decided to extend the attack.

　　After surprise trial and extended investigation, the task force has the latest knowledge of the network structure and the relationship between superiors and subordinates of criminal gangs, and Pei, the highest-level "snakehead" in the gang, has surfaced. In view of the complexity of the case and the large number of suspects involved, the National Immigration Bureau listed the case as No.001 supervised case, focusing on investigation.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Jingxi Brigade Immigration Management Police
Pang Jiaxing: The structure of this criminal gang is: first, there are "three non-"foreigners, second, there are transport drivers, third, there are transit points and responsible persons, and fourth, there are foreign "snakeheads".

　　The task of the police at this time is to break down the four-tier structure of the criminal gang layer by layer, and the breakthrough point is the temporary transit point for stowaways. The police have learned that the gang has set up transit points in four key cities, and the transit point in Foshan, Guangdong Province is ripe for arrest.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Jingxi Brigade Immigration Management Police
Pang Jiaxing: We squatted for two days, and a suitable time to close the net was captured together with the person in charge of the transit point, the "three non-"foreigners and the transport driver.

　　Subsequently, the illegal transit dens in Guangzhou, Guangdong and Nanning, Guangxi were successively destroyed by the police. However, the top of the gang, Pei, is still at large and continues to commit crimes.

　　Through close monitoring, the police finally successfully locked Pei’s transit point in Tunbu Town, Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province. The task force immediately cooperated with the public security organs of Chaozhou City to carry out a centralized network-closing operation and arrested Pei, the "snake head", in a rented house.

　　Dig deep, strike hard and completely destroy criminal gangs

　　Pei, a 44-year-old Vietnamese gang member, had been working illegally in China before he was arrested. He hid in a tableware factory in Guangdong, used his identity to collude inside and outside, and gradually formed a gang to commit crimes, and the characteristics of collectivization and chain were obvious. After Pei was arrested, the task force pursued the victory. After nearly eight months of concentrated attack, the case has carried out more than 30 arrests and seized 230 "three non-"foreigners. At present, 230 "three non-"foreigners have been deported after being punished according to law.

　　Guangxi Baise Border Management Detachment Jingxi Brigade Immigration Management Police
Pang Jiaxing: Because he has resources, he was originally a "three non-"personnel and knew where the "three non-"personnel gathered. He is also familiar with Chinese and can communicate with the delivery drivers in China.

　　Pei confessed that he usually attracts customers through some social platforms. At first, Pei only helped stowaways to dock with Vietnamese "snakeheads".

　　As Pei discovered the huge potential benefits, he began to build his own transit point and train his own personnel.

　　According to Pei’s confession, the task force pursued victory, inspected the factories that recruited "three non-"foreigners, and arrested the rest of the behind-the-scenes organizers. After nearly eight months of concentrated attack, the case has carried out more than 30 arrests, seized 230 "three non-"foreigners, arrested 50 organized transporters, smashed 6 transit dens, and 7 criminal gangs integrating overseas recruitment, border leading and transit hiding were completely destroyed.

　　At present, 230 "three non-"foreigners have been deported after being punished according to law, and all the suspects involved have been sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment ranging from three years to six months.

With the popularity of the automobile industry, especially as an urban sports vehicle, many TXTs who don’t understand cars think that the SUV with four-wheel drive system is an off-road vehicle, which is completely wrong.

1. -（||）

Off-road performance: Jimny has a good reputation in the off-road circle. Its powerful off-road performance makes it occupy a place in the list of off-road vehicles at home and abroad. Someone once said: "Where Lu Xun can go, Jimny can also go;" Where Lu Xun can’t go, Jimny can also go. " You can imagine how powerful Jimny’s off-road performance is! Short axis, minimum ground clearance of 190mm, approach angle of 37, passing angle of 31 and departure angle of 46, these inherent advantages give Jimny strong off-road performance. The front and rear integral axles and non-loaded body make Jimny have strong chassis rigidity. Jimny is equipped with part-time 4WD system, which can switch freely between 2WD (two-wheel drive), 4wd (four-wheel drive) and 4WD-L (low-speed four-wheel drive). In the low-speed four-wheel drive mode, the output torque of the transmission shaft will be amplified by 2.6 times to cope with Jimny’s limit of 110Nm. Although Jimny has strong cross-country performance, he also has serious injuries. Its front and rear axles adopt open differential, which leads to uneven power distribution when the wheels slip and weakens the ability to get out of trouble. Of course, for cross-country enthusiasts with strong hands-on ability, this is not a problem, and it is inevitable to move the knife on the differential.

Three SUV models,

Off-road performance: Isuzu is a very niche brand in China. Many people have never even heard of it. Compared with Wuling, its reputation is far worse. However, this does not prevent it from having a strong off-road capability. The minimum ground clearance of Isuzu is 225mm, that of approach angle is 26, and the departure angle is 21. There are no shortcomings in the body data. Because it is a hard-core off-road vehicle with a non-load-bearing body, Isuzu mu-X adopts a front double wishbone independent suspension, and the rear whole axle is an independent suspension. The four-wheel drive system adopts part-time 4wd, and both front and rear axles are open differentials. There are 2H (two-wheel drive), 4H (high-speed four-wheel drive) and 4L (low-speed four-wheel drive) modes. Magnify the torque by 2.48 times. In addition, Isuzu mu-X adopts diesel engines, including 2.5T and 3.0T diesel turbocharged engines, in which the maximum power of 2.5T model is 136Ps and the maximum torque is 320Nm, and the maximum power of 3.0T model is 177Ps and the maximum torque is 380Nm, which is very impressive, greatly enhancing the ability to get rid of difficulties.

3.（||）

Da was born in a famous family, under the banner of Little Rabbit Music, and once it was launched, it sucked countless powders. It is not an exaggeration to say that it has ignited the hard-core SUV market. In fact, Toda originated from Nissan’s Navara platform. Navara is a car with less power than Tourer, but as an off-road vehicle, there is no problem in making it durable. As a hard-core SUV that focuses on off-road performance, a non-loaded body is a must, and there is no problem with part-time four-wheel drive. The low-level four-state torque is amplified by 2.7 times. That sounds great, right? More importantly, in addition to the central transfer box, Tuda is also equipped with a rear axle. The claw differential lock is equivalent to the middle and rear two locks, and its ability to get out of trouble is beyond doubt. If you really want to drive a Tuda to play cross-country, you can basically switch to a capable AT tire or MT tire, and most of the situations can be solved.

4、H5

The most pragmatic hard-core off-road SUV of Haval brand belongs to Haval H5, but it is too big to cover, but in terms of off-road, Haval H5 is quite good. It is equipped with a 2.0T gasoline/diesel engine, in which only the maximum torque of the engine reaches 320Nm. Among them, the manual transmission model has part-time 4wd, and with Eaton’s mechanical differential lock, the torque can be amplified by more than 2 times. Coupled with the automatic transmission model with higher configuration and higher comfort, Haval H5 is definitely worthy of the title of "God Car".

5、（||）

Off-road performance: If you only look at the appearance of the X8, you may think that it is an ordinary urban SUV. If you think so, then you underestimate it. The minimum ground clearance of landwind X8 is 200mm, that of approach angle is 27.4, and the departure angle is 24.2, which is far better than that of urban SUV. Moreover, the Landwind X8 also uses a non-loaded body, which is also a major criterion to judge whether it is a hard-core off-road vehicle. Landwind X8 also comes standard with a set of standard part-time 4wd system, with 2WD (two-wheel drive), 4H (high-speed four-wheel drive) and 4L (low-speed four-wheel drive) modes. The center differential has a 50:50 front and rear power distribution. The transfer case is equipped with a torque amplifying gear with the amplification ratio of 2:1, and the rear axle adopts Eaton differential lock, which has the ability to limit the slip between wheels and greatly improve the performance of getting out of trouble.

6. Zhengzhou Nissan-(||)

Off-road performance: paladin is an old-fashioned hard-core off-road vehicle. Why is it called costume? Because it hasn’t been changed in China for nearly 10 years, it seems to have been forgotten by Nissan. However, paladin’s off-road performance and reliability are beyond doubt. In 2004, China driver Lu Ningjun successfully completed the Dakar Rally in a simple modified paladin, which proved that this car was very trustworthy to some extent. Paladin’s four-wheel drive models are equipped with the traditional part-time 4wd system. The power of the engine is transferred to the transfer box through the gearbox. When the transfer box is in the four-wheel drive position, the front and rear axles of the vehicle are hard connected with torque amplification gears, and the magnification is about 2 times. However, paladin’s four-wheel drive system does not have a central differential, so the four-wheel drive state cannot be used on paved roads. Moreover, Shengdu on sale is not equipped with any anti-skid device between wheels, which directly limits its ability to get out of trouble.

The Dream of China, starring Liu Yifei, Chen Xiao, Joe, Ada and Jelly Lin, has been very popular recently, and its popularity continues to rise. Meng Hua Lu was adapted from Guan Hanqing’s zaju script Zhao Paner’s romantic rescue.

The background of the story takes place in the Song Dynasty, and the costumes in the play are extremely excellent and elegant, vividly and skillfully highlighting the personality characteristics of the characters. No matter the actors, themes, costumes and plots are excellent, the actress’s shots in this film are even more exquisite and praised by the audience. Of course, all this is indispensable to the credit of lens language design.

Meng Hua Lu has made great efforts in the design and expression of lens language, showing the scenes and characters vividly. The shooting of the whole film is very skillful, and the lens language and picture are very beautiful, artistic, full of meaning and endless charm, presenting pleasing visual effects and bringing excellent visual experience to the audience.

The lineup of Meng Hua Lu is luxurious. The photography director is Yiqin, a senior photographer from Taiwan, China. Director Yang Yang is a famous female directors in China, a national first-class director, and his works have won various awards. The two men joined forces to integrate the theme of the film and the expression of characters’ emotions into the lens language, so that the quality and standard of Dream of China by going up one flight of stairs presented an excellent work to the audience.

In the beginning, Zhao Paner came slowly with a row of bamboo rafts in the distance, his hands alternately swaying bamboo paddles, the breeze blowing gently, the lake waves rippling, and a peaceful and pleasant scene of Jiangnan water town jumped from the paper, giving people an immersive feeling. "arm in arm to punt, the beautiful lake swings."

The camera will play Liu Yifei, the "fairy sister" of Zhao Paner. It is gentle but smart, elegant but atmospheric. This clip has made many viewers watch it again and again, immersed in enjoying this unique beauty like a fairy.

In the fifth episode of the play, the man and the woman talked about drinking, and the wine strength came up, and the eyes looking at each other also changed. Camera switching, a moment to Zhao Paner, I saw her chin staring, charming eyes, a moment to Gu Qianfan, I saw him staring, eyes tender, cut to two people in the same frame, the two sides stared at each other, rendering a subtle atmosphere, at this time, the psychological activities and relations between the two people, can be said to be self-evident.

When parting, the camera switches back and forth between the two. Zhao Paner stood on the small building, Gu Qianfan sat on the boat, and their eyes were reluctant and thoughtful. Zhao Paner eyes flow, tenderness, never removed from Qian Fan, always looked at the boat.

In the face of Zhao Paner’s eyes, Gu Qianfan gradually ignored the words of his peers and didn’t listen to them. When he turned to visit the small building, Zhao Paner’s eyes were still gentle and watery, as if penetrating his heart. At a loss, he had to avoid looking, but he couldn’t help looking in the direction of the pavilion from time to time, showing nostalgia and concern.

Moonlight gently sprinkled on the lake, lingering and lingering, and Zhao Paner watched the boat go away. "whose boat is flat tonight, where to miss the bright moon building." Silent language, with only two people’s eyes and natural scenery, expresses implicit love, which makes people feel unfinished.

The conversation under the umbrella in episode 6, scene selection and composition are very interesting. The background environment is rainy, and the umbrella held by the man and the woman is used to isolate other people in the same space. The camera focuses on the two people, highlighting the main body, making the background completely in Jiao Wai, which enriches the three-dimensional sense of the picture, meaning that this moment is the time exclusively for the two of them, providing a unique space for the next two people to talk.

The raindrops pattering on the umbrella not only created a cold atmosphere, but also narrowed the distance between them, bringing out the psychological changes of the man and the woman, and making them feel depressed. "Holding hands and looking at tears, I was speechless."

The emotion expressed in this lens language is very rich. The concern, awkwardness, pulling and attachment of two people, each picture conveys different emotions to the audience.

On the moon, the willow shoots, and people meet after dusk. In the evening, the sun is setting in the west, and they flirt. When crossing the bridge, Zhao Paner was holding a paper umbrella, and the man was holding the box, chatting while walking, his eyes staring at each other. Although it is a distant vision, there is no voice of conversation between them, but the distance between them and the direction in which their eyes look fully show their mood and relationship at this time.

This shot is poetic and picturesque, and I can’t get tired of watching it. Only a few seconds of a silhouette shot, full of story, made many viewers pause to enjoy this beautiful and romantic scene, and was also made into wallpaper by screenshots.

Meng Hua Lu, whether it is the lens language or the script lines, is carefully polished. The picture is no longer a ten-stage skinning beauty filter for domestic dramas. The lines are properly worded and flowing, the plot is fascinating and natural, and the actors’ acting skills are up to standard without any serious injuries.

Although the recent online comments on Meng Hua Lu are mixed, it is full of some discordant remarks. But on the whole, the film is exquisite in production, high in quality, picturesque and beautiful in picture, and the lens design is rich in layers and originality, which is very worth seeing!

　 　 　 　On June 10th, 2022, the historical biographical film Kumarajiva was launched in Shenzhen Shajing Qingping Ancient Market Film and Television Town.

The scene of the movie "Kumarajiva" boot conference

　 　 　 　Buddhism is one of the three major religions in the world, which has played a positive role in promoting all aspects of China. When talking about the famous monks in the history of China, the first thing that comes to mind is Master Xuanzang. Master Xuanzang went to the Western Regions to learn from Buddhist scriptures and translate Buddhist classics, which had an important influence on Buddhism in China. However, there was a monk who was earlier than Master Xuanzang, and he was Kumarajiva.　

　 　 　 　Kumarajiva is one of the four great translators of Buddhism in China, who translated 74 scriptures and 384 volumes in his life. These translated scriptures not only greatly promoted the development of Buddhism in China, but also had a far-reaching impact on the history of Buddhism in Asia. Master Kumarajiva himself was not only an important messenger of mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations on the Silk Road in ancient China during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, but also a pioneer in creating national unity. Tagore famously said, "Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves." This sentence is a true portrayal of Master Kumarajiva’s life.

Producer Jinzhan Zhang and screenwriter Shi Yike of the film "Kumarajiva"

　 　 　 　On the day of the conference, Shi Yike, the screenwriter of the film "Kumarajiva", Zhang Jinzhan, a famous producer, Wang Dan, a cutting-edge director, starring Purba Rgyal and Wang Jinsong, and Wen Yaoyao, a special opening guest of China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, made a speech.

　 　 　 　Today, Kumarajiva’s translations of Hokkekyo, Amitabha Sutra and Diamond Sutra are still widely read and studied in China, South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia. Combining the current "Belt and Road" cultural background, the film effectively conveys China’s history and culture to the people of the world, promotes cultural exchanges and cooperation among countries along the Silk Road, inherits the Silk Road spirit and promotes the Silk Road culture.

　 　 　 　The film "Kumarajiva" has attracted much attention from all walks of life since its preparation. On the day of the launch conference, the film producer Zheng Guangzhou, the film planner Huang Jiatai, the chief producer Fu Danchan and all the creative staff all attended, and guests such as Cui Mingchen, editor-in-chief of the Chinese Buddhist Channel of Phoenix.com also attended.

　 　 　 　Young actors enthusiastically joined in, and old actors helped each other.

　 　 　 　Master Kumarajiva was born in Qiuci royal family. He was trapped in Liangzhou for seventeen years by Lv Guang in order to enter the Central Plains eastward and spread eastern and western cultures. After Lv Guang’s death, Kumarajiva went to Chang ‘an to teach Buddhism at the invitation of Yao Xing, Emperor Wen Huan of the later Qin Dynasty, which had a very important influence on the Central Plains culture.

Starring Purba Rgyal, starring Wang Jinsong and artistic director Zhang Zhaoda.

　 　 　 　It is understood that in order to make the characters in the play more in line with history, the young actor Purba Rgyal and the old opera bone Wang Jinsong respectively expounded their understanding of the characters in the play. Purba Rgyal said that compared with his previous roles, the biggest challenge for Kumarajiva, who played as a young man, was how to make himself calm, because Master Kumarajiva was touched by everything, and his greatness could not be described in words. He hoped that he could find inspiration that resonated with Master Kumarajiva in his creation. And with the blessing of Wang Jinsong, an old opera teacher, I believe this movie will be very wonderful. Wang Jinsong, an old opera player, also said that the role he played in this play is different from other roles he has played, so he needs to face it with a more pious attitude.

　 　 　 　Luo Wenbo, a young actor who plays Princess Kamez in the film, also conveyed his blessing through the VCR.

　 　 　 　Strive to restore the real scene, people from all walks of life have high hopes.

　 　 　 　At the press conference, the crew of the film "Kumarajiva" launched the concept poster. The whole poster was mainly in black and white, and the boundless desert turned into a sea of books. Master Kumarajiva bent over the sea of books to translate scriptures, and the theme was concise and clear, at the same time implying that Master Kumarajiva’s understanding of Buddhism and his contribution to future generations were as vast as the sea.

Concept poster of the movie "Kumarajiva"

　 　 　 　According to Huang Jiatai, a film and television planner, in order to enhance the impression of the film, the creative team and his party have visited Kumarajiva’s birthplace Qiuci (now Kuqa City, Xinjiang), Dunhuang White Mata on Dongjin Road, Liangzhou City (now Kumarajiva Temple, Wuwei City), Kumarajiva, where Kumarajiva has lived for 17 years, and Chang ‘an Caotang Temple (now Caotang Temple, Xi ‘an), the national translation venue, and other places to inspect the landscape architecture, feel the humanistic customs, and visit Kumarajiva, Wuwei, Gansu Province.

　 　 　 　In the plot setting, the film focuses on the historical background, showing the important choices he made at the important moment of fate, his great perseverance and willingness to come to Chang ‘an from the Western Regions, his contribution to promoting academic exchanges in culture, art, religion and language between the Western Regions and China, and his contribution to the field of translation studies.

　 　 　 　Interpret the film from four aspects: communication, creation, dedication and professionalism.

　 　 　 　"Communication" — — Since Zhang Qian "hollowed out the Western Regions" in the Western Han Dynasty, the cultural exchanges between the mainland of China and the regions of the Western Regions, Tianzhu, Persia and other countries with different civilizations have been continuous, leaving many cultural heritages and cultural imprints engraved in each other’s civilizations, as well as many historical figures who shine in them. Kumarajiva, the protagonist of this film, is a typical representative. His ancestral home was Tianzhu, and he was born in Qiuci. When he was a teenager, he studied in the western regions and Tianzhu countries. Later, he entered Liangzhou and Chang ‘an, and tirelessly translated classics, making great contributions to the China of Buddhism. He became the first person in the cultural exchange between China and the West and the first of the four translators on the Silk Road before Master Xuanzang in the Tang Dynasty.

　 　 　 　"Pioneering" — — Kumarajiva’s life story runs through the whole movie. From Qiuci to Tianzhu countries, and then to the mainland of China, Kumarajiva witnessed the rich and diverse civilizations along the Silk Road, and also understood the necessity and importance of spreading the civilization achievements of the western regions and Tianzhu to the mainland of China at that time. As a result of Kumarajiva’s translation of classics in Chang ‘an, China’s classical philosophy system, religious system, artistic system and even ideological system were completely transfused. He not only laid a solid foundation for the China of Buddhism, but also integrated Buddhism with Confucianism and Taoism, which together formed the backbone of Chinese national ideology and culture in later generations. His translated works not only started the academic and practical development of China’s translation studies, but also provided reference for later generations’ prose, poetry, drama and novel creation. It has also played an important role in promoting the innovation and development of traditional art statues, painting art and architectural art in China.

　 　 　 　"Dedication" — — Since Qiuci entered Liangzhou, Kumarajiva endured humiliation, Do not forget your initiative mind, and strove forward. He actively learned about local customs and learned Chinese from local residents with an open mind, which laid a solid foundation for cultural communication and translation in the future. This great dedication is the spirit that the film focuses on and carries forward, and it will also be the focus of the film’s education for contemporary people.

　 　 　 　"Professional" — — The film focuses on the unity of academics, artistry and drama. Academic, refers to the professional standards required for the professional content related to history, philosophy, religion, language, etc., such as the use and presentation of ancient Sanskrit, Tuhuoluo and ancient Chinese in the film. In terms of artistry, the splendid cultural exchange achievements on the Silk Road, such as Qiuci music and dance, mural art and sculpture art, will be expressed. Dramatic, focusing on in-depth expression in all kinds of conflicts and challenges that have gone through thousands of difficulties and dangers.

　 　 　 　In addition, Gansu Film Bureau, Gansu Film Association, relevant cultural units in Shenzhen, and many domestic cultural units and cultural enterprises all sent congratulations and messages to the film, and gave full affirmation and support to the film.

The launch conference of the movie Kumarajiva.

　 　 　 　The film Kumarajiva is jointly produced by Shenzhen Zhengfa Film Co., Ltd., Gansu Silv Yijing Cultural Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai New Culture Media Group Co., Ltd. and Beijing Kelaier Cultural Media Co., Ltd., and is expected to be released in 2023.

　　BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) According to Politico, on the 11th local time, John Kirby, strategic communication coordinator of the National Security Council of the White House, said that the Biden administration expressed "concern" about Israel’s previous use of white phosphorus bombs provided by the United States in Lebanon.

　　According to reports, Kirby told reporters on the same day, "We are worried about these reports. We will ask questions to try to learn more. "

　　Prior to Kirby’s remarks, Washington post reported on the 11th that in October, Israel bombed several areas on the Lebanese side of the temporary border between Lebanon and Israel, and used white phosphorus bombs in the attack.

　　Image source: Washington post report screenshot

　　At the time of the attack, a journalist from Washington post found fragments of three 155mm shells in a small village in the southern Lebanese border area. At least four houses in the village were burned and at least nine civilians were injured in the attack. According to the report, the marks on the ammunition fragments show that they were made in Louisiana and Arkansas in 1989 and 1992.

　　Kirby also said on the same day that the white phosphorus bomb has "legitimate military use", which is used for lighting and generating smoke to hide actions. "Obviously, whenever we provide items like white phosphorus bombs to another army, we fully expect that these items will be used for legitimate purposes … … And in accordance with the law of armed conflict. "

　　On the same day, Pentagon spokesman Pat Ryder said that since the outbreak of the new round of conflict between Palestine and Israel on October 7, the United States has not provided Israel with white phosphorus bombs.

　　Asked whether Israel used white phosphorus bombs against Lebanon, Israeli Defense Minister galante said, "The IDF and the entire Israeli security agency have always acted in accordance with international law. This is the way we have acted in the past and in the future. "

In 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) broke out in Southeast Asia. Until recently, HPAI only broke out in Indonesia, Viet Nam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and China and other eastern Asian countries. But from April to June, 2005, more than 6,000 migratory birds died of H5N1 in Qinghai Lake, China. In July 2005, H5N1 outbreaks also occurred in Russia and Kazakhstan. In August, 2005, a wild bird died of H5N1 in a lake area in northern Mongolia. In October 2005, poultry or wild birds infected with H5N1 were also detected in European countries such as Turkey, Romania, Greece, Sweden and Britain. The H5N1 avian influenza epidemic broke out in Anhui, Hunan and Liaoning. This worldwide outbreak of avian influenza has caused a large number of poultry to be killed and infected people. As of November 2, 2005, 122 people have been found to be infected with H5N1, of which 62 died [1]. The worldwide outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza has caused great losses to agriculture and aquaculture, posed a serious threat to human life safety, and attracted worldwide attention. The worldwide outbreak of HPAI can easily remind people of the role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza, because migratory birds have the ability of long-distance migration across national boundaries, and they are regarded as a major carrier of avian influenza virus. However, based on the existing facts, it is still difficult to determine the role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza.The outbreak of avian influenza in 2005 showed some characteristics different from previous outbreaks. The research work is still going on. Although the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza is still controversial, it is urgent to establish a monitoring network for wild birds and conduct a dynamic study on the epidemiology of avian influenza virus.

1 influenza virus characteristics

Avian influenza virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae. According to nuclear protein (NP) and membrane protein (M1), it can be divided into three types: A, B and C. According to hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), influenza A virus is further divided into subtype 2. Up to now, 16 HA (H1-H16) and 9 NA (N1-N9) influenza virus subtypes have been found, and H5N1 is one of the virus subtypes 3.

According to the pathogenicity, avian influenza viruses can be divided into HPAI and LPAI (low pathogenicity avian influenza virus). LPAI is often parasitic in the respiratory and digestive systems of birds, and generally does not cause pathological reactions, or only causes mild pathological symptoms. However, HPAI can infect various tissues and cells of the host, causing various organs of the host to fail, leading to death, and its mortality rate is as high as 100%. Up to now, all the HPAI found are H5 and H7 subtype influenza viruses. LPAI can be transformed into HPAI4 through the change of amino acid site in HA0 cleavage region.

Influenza A virus has been isolated from many animals, including humans, pigs, horses, seals and wild birds. The phylogenetic study of influenza A virus found that influenza A virus has host interspecific relationship, and other animal influenza A viruses originated from waterfowl influenza A virus 5.

The wild migratory birds themselves are the natural reservoir of bird flu.

All virus subtypes of 16 kinds of HA and 9 kinds of NA have been found in aquatic bird populations. Stakkknecht and Shane isolated 2,317 strains of virus from 21,318 birds, with a carrying rate of 10.9%, including 14,303 birds of the order Animalia, and 2,173 strains of virus were detected (15.2%). Except for geese and ducks, the carrying rate of influenza virus in other birds was only (2.1%) 6. It is worth noting that influenza A virus seems to have achieved an ideal parasitic adaptation in the host of wild birds. LPAI is parasitic in the digestive or respiratory system of the host. LPAI isolated from most wild birds is nontoxic, and the host has no symptoms or only mild symptoms. The transmission between birds can be directly or indirectly through dust, water, food and other pollutants contaminated by feces. LPAI may be transmitted to poultry through contact between wild birds and poultry, and mutate in poultry population, leading to HPAI. Poultry infected with HPAI can lead to systemic infection. Clinical symptoms include decreased egg production, dyspnea, excessive tears, brain edema, diarrhea and neurological symptoms that eventually lead to death. But so far, there is no more evidence to prove that wild birds are natural reservoir of HPAI. Therefore, there is a theory of HPAI outbreak mechanism that only when LPAI in wild waterfowl spreads to poultry such as chickens or turkeys, and LPAI mutates into HPAI in poultry, will it lead to the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Since 1959,There were 19 incidents in which LPAI from wild birds was transmitted to poultry and mutated into HPAI in poultry, which eventually led to the outbreak of the epidemic.

3 Debate about Wild Birds as Spreaders of HPAI

It is precisely because wild birds are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus, and the migratory route of migratory birds can obviously connect Asian countries with the outbreak points of H5N1 avian influenza in Siberia, Kazakhstan and Europe. Therefore, when HPAI was raging, some people suspected that migratory birds were spreading the bird flu virus. But so far, no clear source of H5N1 HPAI that ravaged Asia in 2005 has been found. It is speculated that before the outbreak of HPAI in domestic chickens in Hong Kong in 1997, LPAI, the predecessor of this kind of HPAI, might parasitize the wild waterfowl population in southern China and spread and evolve, and then contact with poultry in Hong Kong through some channels. LPAI mutated into HPAI and broke out in 2003. The Hong Kong government controlled the outbreak of bird flu by killing 1.5 million poultry. Then, in December 2003, the virus once again ravaged Korean chicken farms. Outbreaks in Japan and Vietnam in January 2004; An epidemic was discovered in Indonesia in February; It soon led to outbreaks in Thailand and China.

But many ornithologists doubt the hypothesis that wild birds infect avian influenza. First, since the late 1990s, the United States Department of Agriculture has detected tens of thousands of migratory birds migrating from Asia to Alaska, and Hong Kong researchers have also sampled thousands of inbound migratory birds, but none of these tens of thousands of wild bird samples have detected H5N1 subtype. Up to now, the research results show that the H5N1 strain that causes high mortality of poultry is also pathogenic to wild birds. Wild birds infected with HPAI will also get sick and die. When the host dies, the spread of the virus stops, and the spread chain of the virus is interrupted. Secondly, the transmission path and outbreak time of avian influenza are not very consistent with the migration path and migration time of migratory birds. Although wild birds are the natural reservoir of avian influenza, it is not entirely accurate to blame wild birds for the outbreak of HPAI. Because in addition to the migration of migratory birds, bird flu may be spread, the backward feeding methods of mixing livestock and poultry with wild birds provide an ideal environment for the mutation and breeding of bird flu virus, and human activities such as frequent poultry trade and wildlife smuggling may play an unimaginable role in the spread of the virus. For example, in January 2004, an outbreak of H5N1 occurred in Lhasa, Xizang, which was finally found to be caused by selling a batch of sick poultry from Lanzhou, Gansu, 1500 kilometers away to Lhasa. An even more surprising incident occurred in Brussels. In October 2004, two crested eagles smuggled into Belgium from Bangkok Bird Market were seized at Brussels Airport.And detected that it has been infected with H5N1 virus. Therefore, many biologists are skeptical about the hypothesis that migratory birds spread avian influenza virus.

While people are arguing about the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza, the H5N1 outbreak in 2005 showed several aspects different from previous epidemics. Until the spring of 2005, there had not been any death of wild birds infected with H5N1 virus. However, in April 2005, the H5N1 outbreak in Qinghai Lake killed more than 6,000 migratory birds. At present, researchers are still investigating the causes and possible consequences of the outbreak of H5N1 in Qinghai Lake.

Then in August, 2005, wild birds in Lake Irkher in Mongolia also died of H5N1 infection. There are few poultry farms in Lake Irhull. It is likely that wild birds infected with H5N1 brought the virus to Lake Irhull, and the US Department of Agriculture only detected H5N1 strains in dead birds, but not in other living ducks, gulls, geese and swans. It is not known which kind of birds spread the virus, which may be very difficult, because there is very little research work on avian influenza virus in other birds except waterfowl. While the research work is still in progress, in October 2005, several European countries in Caspian Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea broke out one after another, which made more and more people believe that wild birds played a role in the spread of avian influenza.

In October 2005, an outbreak of avian influenza occurred in Hunan, Anhui and Liaoning, and the state took decisive measures to control the epidemic. Some experts said that the epidemic focus may come from migratory birds 9.

4. Establish a wild bird influenza virus monitoring network and strengthen

Protection of wild bird resources

While the role of wild birds in the transmission of avian influenza is still controversial, Europe has begun to establish a European-wide investigation and monitoring network for wild birds. Researchers in the Netherlands have collected more than 6,000 bird samples on the migration routes of European migratory birds. The monitoring network is not only to study the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza, but also to monitor the changing direction of avian influenza epidemic, study the variation law of avian influenza virus, and provide valuable data for preventing the outbreak of avian influenza.

Because all the influenza strains in the history of human influenza outbreaks are new strains formed by the recombination of avian influenza strains and human influenza strains, it is difficult for human immune system to play a role in the face of this new strain, and it is difficult for vaccines based on unchanged strains to play a role in the new strain, so it is easy to trigger human influenza outbreaks, resulting in significant economic losses and human death. The wild bird influenza epidemic monitoring network can not only be used as an early warning network for human influenza outbreaks, but also monitor the variation direction of viruses, providing reliable data for vaccine development, and developing vaccine strains that may cause influenza outbreaks before influenza outbreaks, thus changing the previous practice that vaccines can only be developed after influenza outbreaks. In addition, this monitoring network can also monitor the changes of antiviral drug resistance of viruses for a long time to ensure the effectiveness of antiviral drugs in the emergency of influenza outbreak. At present, it has been found that avian influenza virus has developed resistance to interferents based on hemagglutinin (such as amantadine); The interferents developed based on neuraminidase mainly include Tamiflu produced by Roche and Rekenza produced by Gkaxo Smith Kkine. Recent studies have found that influenza virus has produced a few resistance to Tamiflu, while Rekenza has not found any record of resistance because of its low dosage. Therefore, governments around the world should pay attention to the problem of drug resistance while stockpiling antiviral drugs. Use the monitoring network to monitor the virus for a long time,The problem of drug failure caused by drug resistance can be found in time.

Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an influenza surveillance network for wild birds. In the face of severe avian influenza epidemic, China should immediately set up its own wild bird monitoring network, study the role of wild birds in the outbreak of avian influenza, find key hosts, study the transformation and variation law between LPAI and HPAI, monitor the direction of virus variation, and provide reference for vaccine development, and monitor the change of virus resistance, so as to provide reference for the development and storage of antiviral drugs.

5 conclusion

The role of wild birds in the spread and outbreak of avian influenza is still controversial. By analyzing the existing evidence, it is still impossible to confirm the role played by wild migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza. After more than one year’s molecular epidemiological investigation of avian influenza, although it has not been confirmed that wild birds are natural reservoir of HPAI, it can be confirmed that wild birds can be infected with HPAI H5N1 virus, not only migratory birds but also resident birds. All kinds of facts remind us that the outbreak and epidemic of HPAI H5N1 in the world may include the repeated transmission link of "wild birds → poultry → wild birds → poultry", and each host transfer and repetition may enhance the toxicity of the virus.

LPAI can mutate cyclically in poultry and wild birds until the HPAI epidemic occurs. HPAI virus is fatal to poultry and wild birds that originated in the first place. Infected wild birds are often dying or dying, which may affect their ability to spread the virus over a long distance. The fact that migratory birds in Qinghai Lake are infected with avian influenza reveals that H5N1 virus can spread among wild birds. However, these viruses are collected from dead or dying individuals, and they are the ultimate hosts. The further monitoring results of migratory birds that survived the bird flu control in Qinghai Lake will prove whether it is possible for migratory birds in Qinghai Lake to spread the virus with migration. At present, before we fully understand the role of migratory bird migration in the process of bird flu transmission, we should not blindly assume that HPAI has nothing to do with migratory bird migration, nor should we ignore the role of migratory bird migration in bird flu transmission. In addition, a very important point is often overlooked by everyone, that is, keeping birds. Previous studies mainly focused on migratory birds, and recently HPAI virus was detected in resident birds. If HPAI H5N1 can be isolated from a large number of healthy birds, it will be the biggest threat for human beings to prevent and control avian influenza.

From the perspective of logistics, environment and biodiversity, it is difficult to control avian influenza infection in wild birds at this stage. Indiscriminately killing wild birds is ineffective in preventing the spread of avian influenza, and it is likely to cause the extinction of wild birds.

In addition to paying attention to the role of wild birds in avian influenza, limiting the contact between poultry and wild birds should be a key part of avian influenza prevention strategy. We should reduce the contact between people, poultry and wild birds as much as possible, improve the level of poultry raising and avoid free-range; Strictly manage the poultry and wildlife trading market; Strengthen quarantine and immunization work; Put an end to illegal unlicensed poultry and wildlife trade.

In order to prevent the spread of HPAI, it is urgent to carry out scientific research on wildlife diseases. Establish a monitoring network for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds. Monitoring, sampling and analyzing the evolution and variation of avian influenza subtype virus in wild birds. Establish and improve the laboratory research ability to quickly detect and analyze the characteristics and types of viruses. Establish a perfect monitoring network of wild bird epidemic focus in order to quickly respond to virus emergencies and provide timely reference for national decision-making. Long-term monitoring and detection of avian influenza epidemic situation. Investigate the wild host distribution of avian influenza virus, study the variation law of the virus, determine the distribution, types and natural history of avian influenza virus in wild birds, and explore the relationship between wild migratory birds and agriculture and aquaculture structure and its role in the transmission of avian influenza virus to poultry and people. Develop and reserve safe vaccines and antiviral drugs against avian influenza virus. Organize veterinarians, wildlife experts, ornithologists, virologists, molecular biologists and other multidisciplinary experts to jointly study the changing law of avian influenza, fully understand the role of wild birds in the spread and spread of avian influenza virus, and prevent the outbreak of avian influenza and human influenza.

Acknowledgement This research plan has received strong support from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the State Forestry Administration, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Science and Technology Research Group of the National Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Prevention and Control Command, and the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is supported by the key project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2004BA519A11), the President’s Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the frontier project of the Institute of Zoology. Thank you very much!

Main references

1 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/ country/cases_table_2005_11_01/en/index.html.

2 Horimoto T， Kawaoka Y. Influenza: Lessons from past pandemics, warnings from current incidents. Nature Review Microbiology, 2005, 3： 591.

3 Fouchier R A et ak. Characterization of a novel influenza A virus hemaglutinin subtype (H16) obtained from black-headed gulls. J. Virology 2005,79: 2814-2822.

4 Banks J, Speidel E S, Moore E et ak. Changes in the haemagglutinin and the neuraminidase genes prior to the emergence of highly pathogenic H7N1 avian influenza viruses in Italy. Arch Virol.,2001, 146:963-973.

5 Webster R G, Bean W J, Gorman O T et ak. Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. Microbiol. Rev., 1992, 56, 152-179.

6 Stallknecht D E， Shane S M. Host range of avian influenza virus in free-living birds. Vet. Res. Commun., 1988, 12:125-141.

7 Perdue M,Crawford J, Garcia M et ak. Occurrence and possible mechanisms of cleavage site insertions in the avian influenza hemagglutinin gene. In: Proceedings of the Fouth International Symposium on Avian Influenza, Athens Geogia. US Animal Health Association, 1998, 70-75.

8 Liu J, Xiao H, Lei F et ak. High pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus infection in migratory birds. Science, 2005,309:1206.

9 http://www.agri.gov.cn/.

10 Normile D. Are wild birds to Blame? Science,2005, 310: 426.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Paris, August 2nd　Question: How does the "Olympic effect" boost the French economy?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Wenxin Liu Fang

　　The Paris Olympic Games is in full swing, and the influence of the "Olympic effect" on the French economy has attracted people’s attention. French economic research institutions believe that the Paris Olympic Games will help boost the French economy in the short term and bring long-term benefits to French tourism.

　　This is the Eiffel Tower, which was shot on July 26th. On the same day, the opening ceremony of the 33rd Summer Olympic Games was held in Paris. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　According to a recent report released by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economics, the Paris Olympic Games will contribute 0.3 percentage points to France’s GDP growth in the third quarter. Among them, the income from Olympic tickets and broadcasting rights contributed 0.25 percentage points, and the increase in the number of tourists led to the contribution of transportation, hotels and restaurants by 0.05 percentage points.

　　Dorian Ruxie, director of the Institute’s Economic Situation Department, said that the above situation is similar to the boost to the British economy from the 2012 London Olympic Games. In the third quarter of 2012, Britain’s GDP increased by 1 percentage point month-on-month, of which the contribution of London Olympic Games was about 0.2 to 0.4 percentage point.

　　According to the French Center for Sports Law and Economics (CDES), from 2018, when the Paris Olympic Games began to be prepared, to 2034, 10 years after the end of the event, the economic benefits brought by the "Olympic effect" to the French island region where Paris is located are estimated to be between 6.7 billion and 11.1 billion euros.

　　The center believes that more than 80% of the "Olympic effect" will be released during the preparation and hosting of the Olympic Games, and the rest of the driving effect will gradually emerge in the 10 years after the Olympic Games. The tourism industry in the French island region will gain economic benefits of 201 million to 1.236 billion euros.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in Dolores Garden. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Yuxi photo

　　Didier Arino, director of "Promoting Tourism", a French tourism consulting company, believes that the positive impact of the Paris Olympic Games on French tourism will continue to appear in the next few years, "because the Olympic Games have given France an extraordinary image".

　　According to the Paris Tourism Bureau, during the Olympic Games this year, Paris is expected to welcome 15.3 million tourists, while under normal circumstances, Paris receives about 12 million tourists from July to August. According to the statistics of Paris Tourism Bureau, from July 24th to 27th, Paris has received 650,000 tourists, a year-on-year increase of 16%. On the day before the opening ceremony, the number of visitors to Paris increased by 34.6% year-on-year.

　　Corinna Menago, director of the Paris Tourism Bureau, said that Paris has always been "quiet" in August, but the tourism situation in Paris will be "very good" in August this year. The Paris Tourism Bureau predicts that the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will be close to 90% in the first weekend of August.

　　According to the statistics of the French Tourism Development Agency, the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will exceed 80% during the whole Olympic Games, and the number of days for booking short-term rental houses with furniture will increase by 60%.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in front of the glass pyramid in the Louvre. Xinhua News Agency reporter Sun Fei photo

　　In the center near Paris by car — The "Olympic effect" is also very obvious in the Loire Valley region, Champagne region and Normandy region. According to the French Tourism Development Agency, this is partly driven by foreign tourists who come to watch the Olympic Games.

　　As the Olympic Games are distributed in many cities in France, there are more than 1,000 Olympic preparation centers in France, which are used as training and rest bases for Olympic delegations. Almost all French cities that host Olympic events and provide training venues will benefit from the "Olympic effect".

　　In Marseille, a tourist city in southern France where football and sailing events are held, local institutions predict that the city will receive 825,000 visitors during the Olympic Games and gain economic benefits of about 179 million euros.

　　In terms of employment, according to French media reports, the Paris Olympic Games will create nearly 90,000 jobs for the French island region, which are distributed in hotels, restaurants, logistics, tourism and other fields. The International Olympic Committee predicts that the Paris Olympic Games will create a total of 181,000 related jobs and enable 30,000 people to acquire vocational skills through training.

This photo is probably the plot of countless people’s minds: Beijing Courtyard, with wine and stories, and the purest rock music of that era. But who are the others in this picture except Dou Wei and Faye Wong?

In fact, these people are the members of the dream band formed after Dou Wei left Black Panther band — — Guitarist Wu Ke, keyboard Bai Fanglin, Beth Chen Jin, drummer Yu Weimin and agent Chen Xiaohu (from right to left).

Chen Xiaohu, Tiger is Dou Wei’s friend for many years. This time, he was invited by Qi Youyi, a well-known music critic, to make a radio program of "Another Rock List". The short 50 minutes divided into two programs once again opened the door to the old interesting things in the Beijing rock circle in the 1990 s.

1. The acquaintance between Tiger mr. six and He Yong made him pick up the guitar.

Chen Xiaohu’s father and He Yong’s father He Yushan are peers. He and He Yong, Gu Saner, Liu Yuan, Zhang Ling and others are children living in that mysterious compound. After meeting He Yong at the "Music Teahouse" with the characteristics of the times, he began to play guitar and got to know many "wild children" who played rock at that time through him. According to all kinds of anecdotes he recalled, he and the famous musician Feng Mantian watched Cui Jian’s rehearsal outside the glass window of the rehearsal room of the Oriental Song and Dance Troupe.

2. I went to Shenyang to go to the acupuncture point with Faye Wong, and I was beaten because I wanted to resist the collective because of my unpaid wages.

Still because of He Yong, Chen Xiaohu and Faye Wong, He Yong, Luan Shu and others went to the northeast to "go to the cave", and the performances in those years were highly treated. Singers generally got an 200 yuan, and the band members were 50 each. Tiger said that Faye Wong was very good in those days, and everyone was surprised when he sang Teresa Teng. However, that trip to the cave was the first and last time for Faye Wong, and this experience was very sensational. Because the cave head deliberately defaulted on his salary, it was a very considerable sum of money. He Yong and Chen Xiaohu, who are only teenagers, bought watermelon knives and tried to rob the money, but they were caught by some "thugs" brought by the cave head. When they came back, the figures who used to be children came back to perform, and their faces were all colored.

3. The Dream Band rehearsed and ate eggplant for three months. Dou Wei’s obesity is related to fried cakes.

Tiger always called Dou Wei "Teacher Dou" or directly called "Dou". He recalled that the Dreaming Band rehearsed day and night for a new song for three months. During that time, everyone had four dishes and one soup, because Dou Wei loved to eat roasted eggplant and fried cakes, and everyone else followed him for three months. "Teacher Dou can eat at that time, and he can eat a catty when eating fried cakes!" Tiger recalled this laugh and was very happy. The host continued to ask Dou Wei when he began to gain weight. Tiger half-jokingly said that it basically started when Dou Wei was crazy about eating fried cakes.

When Zhang Peiren sold Dou Wei’s contract to Magic Rock, Dark Dream, which was painstakingly choreographed by Dream Band, was handed over to others for production. When talking about his views on this record, Tiger said without hesitation that the record was badly made. Maybe fans would think it was already very powerful, but compared with the version rehearsed by Dream Band in those years, it may be only 30% at most.

When Tiger mentioned Dark Dream, these words revealed his distress and disappointment. He hoped that young people today would not be confused by business, and the signing of the lead singer’s leaving the team would lead to the record recording being stupid. Perhaps this is one-sided, but after the commercial impact on mainland rock music, it did lose a batch of music that should have been better.