Civil servant examination system: 20 years on the cusp

  Since the pilot project was launched in 1989, it has been 20 years since the public examination and strict inspection were adopted to select civil servants. It can be said that since the pilot, the civil service examination system has been exploring the forefront of public opinion. Going through the motions, cheating, social discrimination, admission corruption … While the number of applicants for the civil service examination has reached record highs, it has always been impossible to avoid the sharp doubts of the society, and it has always been fighting these unhealthy phenomena through institutionalized construction.


  After 20 years of exploration, I finally implemented one


  "Anyone who enters must take the exam"


  In 1987, the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China focused on the establishment of a national civil service system, emphasizing that "anyone who enters the professional civil service should pass the statutory examination and compete openly".


  At the beginning of 1988, the Central Organization Department and the former Ministry of Labor and Personnel began to try out the examination method in the recruitment of cadres. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government held a large-scale examination for recruiting cadres in 1988. One million people applied for the exam and 80,000 people were admitted, which created a new situation in the recruitment of cadres.


  In 1989, the Ministry of Personnel, the National Audit Office and other six departments jointly organized the pilot work of civil servants’ recruitment by examination, and the Ministry of Personnel, together with the Central Organization Department, issued the Notice on Implementing the Examination Method for Supplementary Staff of State Administrative Organs, which promoted the examination method in the recruitment of cadres in the central and provincial people’s governments, emphasizing that all those who entered the state administrative organs were required to take the examination, marking the initial establishment of the civil servants’ recruitment system in China.


  After 1990, the pilot of the civil service examination system was expanded from the central government to the local government. In August 1993, the Provisional Regulations on State Civil Servants was promulgated and implemented. Article 13 of the Regulations stipulates: "The state administrative organs shall employ state civil servants who hold non-leadership positions below the chief clerk, and adopt the methods of public examination and strict assessment, and select the best according to the standards of having both ability and political integrity." It marks that the civil service examination and employment system has been officially opened within the scope of administrative organs at all levels. In 1994, the first civil service recruitment examination of the central authorities caused a sensation and was called "ten thousand people rushed to take the civil service examination" by the media.


  In 1994, Liaoning province took the lead in carrying out the recruitment examination for civil servants in provincial organs. In 1995, county-level organs in Jilin Province recruited civil servants, and it was clearly stipulated that farmers could apply for the exam. Firstly, the identity restriction was broken.


  In 1997, the Organization Department of the Central Committee issued the Opinions on Relevant Issues Concerning the Examination and Employment of Staff of Party and Mass Organs, People’s Congress and CPPCC Organs, pointing out: "Since 1997, the central and provincial party organs, people’s congress organs, CPPCC organs, workers, young women and other social organizations have employed staff below the department level, and staff and clerks of organs below the prefecture level, as well as institutions approved to be included in the reference management scope have employed staff of corresponding ranks. In accordance with the principles of having both ability and political integrity, openness, equality, competition and merit selection, the method of combining open recruitment with strict assessment should be implemented, and the organization departments of provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) party committees should make overall arrangements for the examination and employment of organs below the prefecture (city) level and gradually push them away. " Since 2003, the people’s courts and people’s procuratorates have also adopted the examination and employment system.


  Article 21 of the Civil Service Law promulgated in April, 2005 stipulates that "public examination, strict inspection, equal competition and merit-based admission shall be adopted to recruit civil servants who hold non-leadership positions below the chief clerk and other equivalent positions". At this point, the central authorities and all parts of the country have fully implemented the "entrance examination", marking the formal establishment of the examination and employment system.


  Scientific level of civil service examination


  Continuously improve


  As far as the civil service examination itself is concerned, the exploration in the past 20 years has also accumulated many valuable experiences:


  "Combining knowledge and specialty, promoting specialty with knowledge", knowledge test turns to ability test, and the test content is more scientific. The civil servant recruitment examination belongs to the professional qualification examination, which not only tests all kinds of knowledge related to the proposed position, but also tests the candidate’s ability to analyze and solve problems. In recent years, the civil service recruitment examination has continuously strengthened the ability test. For example, in the written test, the public basic knowledge is cancelled, the designated books for the test are cancelled, and the content of rote learning is reduced, and the administrative professional ability test is basically formed, and the application test is becoming more and more mature.


  The supervision mechanism for examination and employment has been gradually improved, and the openness and transparency of examinations have been gradually enhanced. Openness, justice and fairness are the vitality of examination employment. The central and local employment authorities at all levels have widely implemented the system of supervision and inspection of examination employment and the system of publicity. Interview is generally considered to have a large "operation" space, and the civil service examination authorities have taken many measures to ensure its fairness, such as adopting "double lottery" between examiners and candidates, "gymnastics scoring method", showing scores on the spot after the examination, on-site video recording, allowing social personnel to attend and allowing media interviews.


  The role of the network has been fully exerted. At present, the recruitment of civil servants by examination has realized that the recruitment announcement, candidates’ registration, qualification examination, written test results inquiry and publicity are all carried out through the Internet, which provides convenience for candidates, improves work efficiency, increases work transparency and is convenient for accepting social supervision.


  After 20 years of examination, the quality of civil servants has been improved and the structure of civil servants has been optimized. Among the newly recruited personnel, the identity restrictions and geographical boundaries have been gradually broken, making the composition of the civil service diversified and the structure increasingly reasonable. According to statistics, civil servants with college degree or above accounted for 35% of the total number of civil servants in China in 1993 and reached 76% in 2003. As of 2003, civil servants under the age of 40 accounted for about 60% of the total number of civil servants. Civil servants employed after 2003 should have a college degree or above.


  At present, the policy orientation of the civil service recruitment examination also reflects the characteristics of "two orientations". In the recruitment examination of the central authorities and their directly affiliated institutions in 2009, at least 50% of the positions were for people who have been in grassroots work experience for two years, and at the same time, preferential policies were adopted to encourage civil servants in hard and remote areas to apply.


  Rigid rules and job competition are


  secular trend


  As far as employment rules are concerned, "rigid" rules may become a trend. At present, the employment rules of many provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities are "rigid" rules. The written test scores and interview scores are directly accumulated, or according to the principle of 50% written test and interview scores, the ranking is determined according to the calculation results, and the medical examination and investigation list are entered in equal proportions according to the ratio of 1:1. As far as the current situation is concerned, the adoption of "rigid" rules can obviously reduce the "operation" space of human relations and better ensure fairness and transparency.


  As far as the examination form is concerned, "post competition examination" is still the trend. At present, there are many controversies about whether the civil servant recruitment examination should adopt the "post competition examination" or the unified "qualification examination". Those who hold the view of "qualification examination" believe that "China has not established a unified civil service examination and employment system, the examination time of the central and state organs is not uniform with that of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the examination results cannot be mutually recognized. Many candidates are constantly running around and spending a lot of money and energy, which makes the recruitment cost of civil service examination very high, which is extremely unfavorable for selecting outstanding talents". However, according to the regulations of the competent authorities, at present, it is still insisted that there must be vacancies in the recruitment of civil servants by examination, and according to the specific requirements of vacant positions, all job competition examinations will be carried out for the society. From the national conditions, China’s regional economic and educational development is uneven, and the integrity mechanism is not yet mature. The "post competition examination" is conducive to reflecting regional differences, facilitating the actual operation of civil servants’ recruitment, and ensuring the implementation of the "open, equal, competitive and merit-based" recruitment mechanism. Therefore, for a considerable period of time, the "post competition examination" should still be used as the form of recruitment examination. (-Wang Fuyin)

Editor: Wang Jiaolong

Does the new driving test make it harder to get a driver’s license? Driving school: more emphasis on quality assessment

  BEIJING, Beijing, August 17 (Reporter Zhang Ni): Reversing the car into the warehouse and parking sideways will increase the time limit, and the pedestrians at the intersection will be impolite and directly unqualified. In the overtaking project, the action of "looking back" will be added … … A few days ago, the main changes in the newly revised "Contents and Methods of Motor Vehicle Driver Examination" were announced to the public. The new standard has made many netizens who are learning to drive worry that the examination will become more difficult. According to industry experts, the new standard pays more attention to the quality assessment of drivers, making driving training and examination more practical.

  Photo of data map picking up the crown

  — — The proportion of test questions about safe and civilized driving knowledge has increased.

  One of the changes in the new driving test standard, which will be implemented from October 1 this year, is to change the proportion of subjects in subject 1 and subject 3.

  After adjustment, all the contents of subject 1 related to safe and civilized driving common sense are adjusted to subject 3, safe and civilized driving common sense examination item; The adjustment of the examination content will improve the proportion of road traffic safety laws and regulations, safe and civilized driving knowledge examination questions, and list the common sense of civilized driving and typical accident cases.

  [Interpretation]

  Yan Wenhui, one of the members of this standard validation meeting and the general manager of Oriental Fashion Driving School Co., Ltd., said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that the purpose of adjusting the topic ratio is to make new drivers pay more attention to civilized and safe travel, and to be both law-abiding and civilized and safe. This time, it has been adjusted from the theoretical assessment, which has strong guiding significance.

  — — Increase the time limit for reversing into the warehouse and parking sideways.

  In the previous standard, the reverse warehousing and side parking of subject 2 only stipulated specific operation specifications, but the new standard clearly defined the time limit for completing the operation. Among them, the completion time of reversing and warehousing should not exceed 210 seconds, and the completion time of side parking should not exceed 90 seconds. Once the time is exceeded, it will be judged as unqualified.

  [Interpretation]

  "The adjustment of this standard does not mean that the exam is more difficult, but that the exam is more practical." Yan Wenhui analyzed that the driving school had done a test, and the students could basically complete the lateral parking action within one minute.

  He stressed that if the designated project cannot be completed within the specified time, it proves that the training time is insufficient, the driver’s proficiency is not enough, and the skills are not enough. Changing the examination standard is to make it clear that the driver can not only complete the action but also master it skillfully, so that it can be better applied in practice.

  Data map Zhang Pengxiang photo

  — — If you stop halfway, such as reversing into the warehouse, you won’t fail directly.

  In the new standard, in the tests of reversing into the warehouse, side parking and other items, the original judgment of unqualified parking is changed to "deduct 5 points each time".

  [Interpretation]

  For this change, Yan Wenhui believes that from the teaching point of view, in the case of reversing, especially in the case of changing the driving track, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the rear and observe whether there are obstacles or emergencies, which will inevitably stop. The purpose of revising the standard is to cultivate students’ awareness, so parking is necessary, which is more in line with the actual situation on the road.

  — — When doing these projects, "looking back" was added.

  In the new standard, the action of "looking back" has been added to the items such as starting, changing lanes, stopping by the side, overtaking and so on.

  [Interpretation]

  Why do you want to add "looking back"? Yan Wenhui said that this is also a reference to some foreign examination standards. He stressed that although all vehicles have rearview mirrors, all the rearview mirrors of vehicles have blind spots, so it is necessary to look back. The revision of this standard is also to enable drivers to form such habits from the time they receive training, so that many safety accidents can be avoided after going on the road.

  — — The intersection is impolite to pedestrians and is directly unqualified.

  The new examination standard also pays more attention to drivers’ awareness of safety and civilization. For example, in the third exam, it is clear that the overtaking signal from the car after the accident is not directly unqualified according to the regulations.

  In crossing zebra crossings and crossing intersections, turning left at intersections and turning right at intersections, those who explicitly fail to take the initiative to avoid vehicles, pedestrians and non-motor vehicles with priority are unqualified.

  [Interpretation]

  Yan Wenhui explained that in normal teaching, courtesy zebra crossing has always been one of the contents emphasized by driving schools. Recently, various provinces and cities are also rectifying the phenomenon of impolite zebra crossing by motor vehicles. The revision of the new standard highlights the importance of courtesy to pedestrians at intersections.

  In the data map, the new network reporter Jin Shuo took a photo

  [thinking]

  — — It is a common phenomenon to get a driver’s license but not dare to go on the road. What are the reasons?

  Many people who have experienced the driving test generally have a feeling that they still can’t drive and dare not go on the road after getting their driver’s license. What is the reason behind this?

  According to Yan Wenhui, who has been engaged in driving training for many years, this is mainly caused by exam-oriented education.

  "Taking subject 2 as an example, there are five assessment items, and many driving schools and coaches teach according to the examination criteria. Under this mechanism, getting a driver’s license through a driving test can only be called a legal driver, not necessarily a qualified driver. " Yan Wenhui emphasized that while training driving skills, we should also train law-abiding awareness and safety awareness.

  He analyzed that the current syllabus is very clear, such as how long to practice each class, what projects and skills to teach, and so on. "But how many driving and training institutions can teach in full accordance with the syllabus needs to be questioned. As a result of exam-oriented education, students only pay attention to the exam and don’t really practice driving skills. "

  "To drive a car well is not to drive it away, but to obey the law and drive in a civilized way. This is the ultimate goal." Yan Wenhui said.

  In his view, in addition to strengthening self-discipline and adhering to professional ethics in the driving and training industry itself, it is also necessary to rely on top-level design to guide, pay more attention to the whole process of training, and at the same time do a good job in the connection between examination and training.

  "The relevant departments should not only assess the passing rate of driving schools, but also refer to the accident rate and illegal rate of students within three years of graduation to avoid driving schools simply pursuing the passing rate of examinations." Yan Wenhui said that the adjustment of the examination standards is being guided in a positive direction, and whether it can be done in place depends on strengthening training supervision. (End)

A city with a hundred flavors | See Chongqing at the New Year’s Eve party. VIPs should "sit first"

This article is transferred from: Yang Guangwang
Chongqing, January 27 th, the news of the Golden Bull puts its tail, and the tiger is blessed with wind. The New Year’s Eve is approaching, and the taste of the year is coming to the nose. As the capital of food, Chongqing is best suited to the rich group annual banquet. The dishes are fragrant, and the taste buds dance gracefully between the teeth and on the tip of the tongue. This is the first time for aesthetic food. Chongqing Channel of Yangguang. com will publish value food information from time to time in the column of "One City with Hundreds of Flavors" to explore Chongqing’s food highland and share the delicious food with the "delicious dogs". In this issue, I followed the footsteps of Chongqing Channel Food Xiaobian of Yangguang. com and entered the "First Sitting Mansion".
Creative Chinese-style door head (photo courtesy of Yang Guangwang’s first sitting in the mansion)
Xian ting Cang mo ke teahouse Hou Jiayin
"I have no intention of staying or staying, watching the flowers bloom and fall before the court; Don’t be surprised by yourself, and follow the clouds in the sky. "Regardless of ancient and modern times, literati are always looking for a good place to put their bodies and souls. For educated and picky diners, the dining environment is the first element that bears the brunt.
The flute is melodious, the harp and the sound are harmonious (Photo courtesy of the first residence of Yangguang. com)
Just "sit first"! Shouzuo Mansion is located at the foot of Zhaomushan Forest Park, a natural oxygen bar. Under the infiltration of rich negative oxygen ions, it opens a pleasant afternoon tea mode and steals a half-day leisure. First, brew a pot of green bamboo leaves before the Ming Dynasty, or a cup of precious Tieguanyin, which is warm and sweet and beautiful. Either the old monk is calm, quiet and safe, or he is full of ideas and high spirits, splashing his pen and ink on the Chinese chapter.
The cultural performance of the first sitting mansion "changed face" (Photo courtesy of Yangguang. com)
Chinese-style courtyard, unique and exquisite, antique, exquisite kung fu tea performance is eye-catching, and the sound of folk music is fresh and pleasant, which can pick up elegance and interest everywhere.
The eaves are drooping and the tea is fragrant (photo courtesy of Yangguang. com)
As soft as breathing, the eaves lights turn green and moss. The moist and silent blue slate seems to be impregnated with tea fragrance. At every moment of moving forward or stopping, the fragrance spreads all over the body. The sunny patio seems to hide the mystery of time, and the calligraphy and painting furniture are brilliant and sharp-edged. Let the family "sit first" and have a drink with friends, so let the tea smell warm and moist for this long time and interpret the password of time.
Good mood begins with afternoon tea (photo courtesy of Yang Guangwang’s first sitting in the mansion)
Cups and plates are poems and paintings of paper and pen dishes.
"Good-looking bodies are the same, and interesting souls are one in a million." For food, to achieve the ultimate, color, flavor and shape are indispensable.
Recommended dishes: Sanchahu Qiaoke Wang (Photo courtesy of Yangguang. com)
The dishes in the first residence, from the utensils to the color, flavor and shape of the dishes, are all fine and unique.
Recommended dishes: roasted sea cucumber with tofu (photo courtesy of the first residence of Yangguang. com)
Color matching, shape adjustment, the position where the main course should be placed in the plate, the lovely small ornaments in the blank space, and amazing poems, every detail is just right, just like a perfect match made in heaven.
Recommended dishes: Skillful vegetable rolls (Photo courtesy of Shouzuo Mansion issued by Yangguang. com)
These key points are controlled by beauty of chongqing, who was the youngest flight attendant of Southwest Airlines, and Huang Can, the chairman of Caixiangyuan Catering Culture Company. Shouzuo Mansion is a high-end brand of its chain business, and its fine service management, innovative Chinese design and strong cultural genes all stem from her artistic temperament of liking art and music.
Antique private rooms (Photo courtesy of the first residence of Yangguang. com)
Shouzuo Mansion is a black pearl restaurant that has been appraised for many years, and is committed to spreading healthy food and traditional culture. In Shouzuo Mansion, there are countless signature dishes, such as "Longjing shrimp balls, braised roast chicken with turmeric, cherry foie gras, yak meat with milk wine, dried roast chicken in this period, dried roasted elegant fish, shredded roasted rabbit with agarwood, preserved okra with sesame sauce, pickled fish head with tortillas, swan crisp, and Tricholoma matsutake chicken bean curd …", which makes people unable to stop.
Recommended dishes: Tricholoma matsutake chicken tofu pudding (photo courtesy of the first residence of Yangguang. com)
Beautiful scenery, delicious food, fine wine, and a beautiful table of delicacies can’t help themselves in the taste of the year. In the interesting food, release the interesting soul, which is worth it! (Text/Wei Ge)
Recommended drink: custom-made red wine (photo courtesy of Yangguang. com)
[group annual banquet hotline]
Reporting/feedback

Public Welfare Sports Lottery is Yunfu School send warm.

  Recently, China National Women’s Hockey Team entered the grass-roots level (Yunfu, Guangdong)-"Sports Lottery for Public Welfare, Happy Playground" was held in the hockey field of Yunfu Sports Park.

  During the activity, the National Women’s Hockey Team carried out send warm activities, presented a batch of sports equipment, signed team flags and uniforms to Yunfu City, and gave on-site instruction and guidance to local young hockey players in Yunfu City to support the development of Yunfu Hockey with practical actions.

  In recent years, Yunfu City has intensified its efforts to promote the development of hockey, striving to make this sport a characteristic sport in Yunfu, and establishing a national winter training transfer base for hockey, so as to let more people know about hockey and Yunfu.

  The national women’s song coach team and all the team members spoke highly of the hockey training environment and atmosphere in Yunfu City, hoping that through this "happy playground for public welfare sports lottery"-the grass-roots send warm activity, hockey will be more popular in Yunfu and more people will understand and fall in love with the sport.

  As a national public welfare lottery, China Sports Lottery always adheres to the distribution purpose of "from the people and for the people", actively supports the development of mass sports and the development of Olympic glory projects. In recent years, with the help of Sports Lottery, a series of mass sports activities and public welfare activities have been held in Yunfu, continuously polishing the public welfare background of Chinese sports lottery.

New consumption gives birth to "New Year’s goods". Young people March into the world of bracelets and wear new fashions | The "taste of the year" in the bill

Cover journalist Zhu Zhu

Crystal-clear strings of beads of various colors string together auspicious and beautiful wishes. In the past, most bracelets belonged to wenwan collection, which is the standard for middle-aged and elderly people to retire. Now, with young people starting to string together, bracelets have once again entered the public’s field of vision and become a new fashion item.

Cinnabar bracelets became popular during the Spring Festival

As the Spring Festival approaches, bracelets are transformed into new "new year’s goods", which are bought by many young people to send friends or elders, pinning the "good fortune" of the New Year. According to the reporter’s investigation, in addition to the eighteen seeds and thymelaeaceae bracelets that have been burned in recent two years, especially during the Chinese New Year, cinnabar bracelets are very popular. An e-commerce platform shows that the turnover of bracelets has increased by more than 2 times since 2024. Some merchants also said that the recent sales of cinnabar bracelets have doubled, and the buying trend of young people, especially after 00, is obvious.

Young people fall in love with metaphysics?

Some consumers spend 10,000 yuan to buy a string.

Last year, related topics such as queuing for hot strings in the Lama Temple and primary school students’ "addiction" to strings were listed on the hot search one after another, which aroused public concern and made the bracelet culture, a thousand-year-old traditional culture in China, become a new fashion again. Nowadays, young people who fall in love with bracelets have their own "spiritual metaphysics", which can also be said to be a way to pin their good wishes.

Star sharing bracelet

If we start from the history of bracelets, the story behind this goes back to ancient times. However, according to the process trend, it is understood that eighteen seeds with beautiful meaning and exquisiteness can be described as online celebrity bracelets, which are not only affordable but also freely matched, and are loved by young consumers and primary players of bracelets. Since 2024, the search volume of eighteen seeds bracelets on related e-commerce platforms has increased by as much as 80 times year-on-year. From the perspective of consumers, male users prefer walnut bracelets, thymelaeaceae bracelets and topaz bracelets; Female users prefer cinnabar bracelets, south red bracelets and amethyst bracelets.

Mao Mao, who was still in college, came across a crystal bracelet shared by others on the social platform and tried to buy one. "But after that, I couldn’t stop. In one year, I bought more than 20 bracelets, ranging from a dozen yuan cheaper to about 200 yuan more expensive."

Looking through social platforms, the reporter found that there are also many collectors who pay for their favorite expensive bracelets. After into the pit, there are not a few people who spend 10,000 yuan to buy bracelets, and consumers start Diy bracelets. "At first, I bought finished products. Later, with more and more bracelets, I began to buy various materials for DIY. Compared with finished products, DIY will be more cost-effective." Mao Mao said.

Cinnabar bracelets are popular in the New Year.

Merchant: Sales volume has doubled compared with usual.

On the stall near the middle of Mianyang Grand View Garden, Ms. Shang’s shop is hung with a dazzling array of bracelets. Young people who come and go pass by must stop and wait and see for a while. She has been selling bracelets here for 25 years, and she has chosen an exquisite new product to explain it skillfully to reporters.

Young people share the experience of buying bracelets on social platforms.

"Especially before major exams such as college entrance examination and postgraduate entrance examination, more customers will buy a string of bracelets with beautiful meanings. Although bracelets have exploded among young people in the past two years, physical stores have been hit by online stores. Our beading business is mainly maintained by old customers."

Ms. Shang makes new bracelets every year according to the most popular styles of the year. She told reporters that cinnabar bracelets became popular this year. In traditional culture, cinnabar is regarded as an auspicious thing, which means good luck and peace. As a gift during the Spring Festival, it can express blessing and care.

Relevant e-commerce platform data show that this year, the flow of core single products of cinnabar bracelets has increased by more than 1,600 times year-on-year, and the flow of core single products of cinnabar red rope has increased by more than 300 times. Mr. Liu, the person in charge of Amy, who has been engaged in the wenwan industry for more than ten years, told the reporter that in fact, cinnabar bracelets have been very popular in the epidemic in recent years. Before that, everyone brought red ropes for the New Year. In recent years, everyone brought cinnabar bracelets. Near the Spring Festival, the sales of cinnabar bracelets have doubled compared with usual.

"The price of cinnabar itself is not expensive, but the market is mixed. For example, most of the bracelets on the online 9.9 yuan are fakes. I suggest you buy them carefully." Mr. Liu told reporters that generally speaking, the price of ordinary cinnabar bracelets on the Internet is around 40 and 50 yuan. Better bracelets, including crystal sand, have higher collection value, ranging from several hundred to several thousand, but the price of physical stores may be higher.

Behind the craze for bracelets

Young people’s inheritance of national tide culture

China is a big cultural country with a long history. As a thousand-year-old traditional handicraft, bracelets have a broad consumption base in the domestic market. According to statistics, the scale of China’s wenwan e-commerce market is expanding rapidly, and the data growth is obvious. There are more than 4.6 million notes on bracelets on related social platforms.

"When the wenwan collection was very hot in previous years, the price of wenwan was very high, but now wenwan has become less expensive." Mr. Liu told reporters that bracelets, in particular, have different fashion trends every year, and their prices are changing according to market conditions. Because the prices of bracelets are different, there is no restriction on consumer groups and consumption ages. Now young people can afford them, and many people are willing to play bracelets.

In Mr. Liu’s view, young people are simply pinning their hopes on bracelets, and there is no need to study wenwan in depth. It is just that the dividend period of the bracelet industry is short and the competition among peers is great.

In the traditional sense, the dish string culture focuses on the state of mind. Young people buy bracelets not only for fun and decoration, but also for "spiritual sustenance" and "self-healing". Some wenwan collectors in the industry believe that the hand string can make them sink their hearts to think and feel to a certain extent, which is a way to explore inward. Of course, the post-90s and post-00s are the generation who like to break the circle. They are good at breaking the inherent cognition and like bracelet culture, which is also the embodiment of the cultural self-confidence of the new generation of young people. On the good side, this is the pursuit of spiritual culture and the love and inheritance of the culture of the country and the DPRK.

The stock markets of 11 countries plummeted and "fused"! Will A shares be affected? How do investors respond?

  On the 12th, the global financial market plunged, and the situation was tragic. How miserable was it?

  According to incomplete statistics, there are American stock markets, Brazilian stock markets, Canadian stock markets, Thai stock markets, Philippine stock markets, Pakistani stock markets, Korean stock markets, Indonesian stock markets, Mexican stock markets, Colombian stock markets and Sri Lankan stock markets, and the stock markets of 11 countries were "blown" on the 12th. If we add the Kuwait stock market, which was blown in the previous trading day, the stock markets in 12 countries have triggered the fuse mechanism due to the plunge in the past week.

  March 12th may become the "global stock market fuse day" to witness history.

  K-line chart of Dow Jones index trend of US stocks.

  Three times in the history of US stocks, it has happened twice this week.

  "Fuse", a technical term that financial market professionals are relatively familiar with, has become the most frequent "unfamiliar" keyword in global media reports this week, and has been quickly popularized by science popularization and well known by netizens.

  Affected by the spread of the global COVID-19 epidemic and the oil price war, global stock markets plunged in succession, which ushered in a "fuse tide" this week.

  On Thursday, March 12, local time in the United States, it only opened for 5 minutes. As the S&P 500 index fell by 7.02%, triggering the market fuse mechanism, the US stock market was closed for 15 minutes. This is also the third fuse in the history of US stocks.

  According to media reports, some market traders ridiculed that the US stock market has only blown three times in its history. The last fuse was traced back to March 9, 2020. I have a deep memory of that day, and it felt like just a few days ago.

  Indeed, the first real fuse in the history of US stocks was on October 27, 1997, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 7.18%. Twenty-three years later, that is, on Monday, March 9, 2020, the US stock market was blown for the second time in history. On the 9th, the S&P 500 index fell by 7% at the beginning of the US stock market, which triggered the fuse mechanism.

  Outside the US stock market, the stock markets of 10 countries are now "fused" on the 12 th

  Subsequently, the panic triggered by the US stock market crash spread to the global financial market, and the stock market "fuse" began to become popular. On the 12th, it was a concentrated outbreak. In addition to the US stock market, the stock markets of 10 countries triggered the fuse mechanism due to the crash and suspended trading.

  For example, on the 12th, Brazil’s stock index plunged 12%, triggering the third fuse this week, and after trading resumed, it fell 15% in intraday trading, triggering the fuse mechanism again within one day. The stock index of Toronto Stock Exchange in Canada fell by 9.17%, which once again triggered the primary market to fuse and suspended stock trading.

  In addition, on March 12th, the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka suspended trading for 30 minutes, which is not the first time that Colombo has stopped trading this week. On March 10th, the Standard & Poor’s Sri Lanka 20 Index fell by 5% shortly after opening, and the Colombo Stock Exchange immediately suspended trading for 30 minutes in the morning session.

  On the same day, the Thai Stock Exchange (SET) announced that as of 14: 38 on March 12, the stock exchange index was 1,124.84, down by 125.05 points (-10.00%), which triggered the fuse mechanism and suspended trading for 30 minutes from 14: 38 to 15: 08. This is the first time that the Thai stock market triggered the fuse mechanism since October 27, 2008, 11 years and 4 months.

  Asia-Pacific stock market major stock markets closed down on the 12th.

  In addition, on March 12th, South Korea’s Kospi 200 index futures plunged more than 5% on the 12th, resulting in a five-minute suspension of trading. This is the first time that the Korean stock market has started a temporary suspension since October 2011. On the same day, Indonesia’s stock market fell by more than 5%, triggering the suspension mechanism.

  On March 12, local time, the Philippine stock market closed at 5,736.27 points, down 9.7% or 616.99 points, the biggest one-day drop since October 27, 2008. At about 14:53 that afternoon, the stock market once triggered the fuse mechanism. This is the second time that the Philippine stock market has been triggered since this mechanism was established in 2008. The first time was on October 27th, 2008.

  Is it a financial crisis that the global stock market has plummeted so much?  

  In fact, it is not only a fuse, but also the MSCI global index has fallen by more than 20% from its peak in February, and it has entered the technical bear market range. Morgan stanley capital international Index (MSCI Index) is the benchmark index most used by portfolio managers around the world.

  On 11th, the World Health Organization (WHO) characterized the novel coronavirus epidemic as a pandemic for the first time. The Chicago Mercantile Exchange, which is more than 1,200 kilometers away from Wall Street, has announced that it will close the Chicago trading floor after the close this Friday to reduce the gathering of people. At that time, all products of Zhishang Institute will continue to be traded on online platform CME Globex.

  Market analysts warned that there will be more shocks in the future. "We are witnessing the end of the bull market in the stock market."

  On March 12th, the three major US stock indexes all closed down over 9.4%, the biggest one-day drop since October 1987. Among them, the Dow Jones index closed down 2,352.60 points, or 9.99%, to 21,200.62 points; Nasdaq index closed down 750.25 points, or 9.43%, to 7201.80 points. The S&P 500 index closed down 260.74 points, or 9.51%, to 2,480.64 points.

  Alan Blinder, an economist and former vice chairman of the Federal Reserve, said that the US economy may have fallen into recession because of the COVID-19 epidemic. "I won’t be surprised if we review the data later and finally determine that the recession began in March."

  At present, US stocks have fallen by more than 20% and entered a technical bear market. Some people believe that the 11-year bull market of US stocks may end. Investors usually think that a 20% decline in the stock market is a sign that US stocks have entered a bear market, and this development is often accompanied by long-term pessimism and more declines.

  Will Kinlaw, an economist at State Street Bank, said that with the decline of US stocks, the possibility of the US falling into recession rose to about 75%. If US stocks retreated all the gains in the past 12 months, the possibility of the US economy falling into recession would rise to 80%.

  However, US President Trump said in his national speech delivered on the 11th, "This is not a financial crisis, it is only a short time, and we must unite to overcome this epidemic." Trump also announced that the US government will take measures to boost the economy to ensure that "this is not an economic crisis".

  Can A shares become a safe haven?  

  With the international stock market plummeting, whether A-shares can survive is still the most concerned issue for domestic investors.

  On March 12, the Shanghai Composite Index fell 1.52% to 2923.49 points; The Shenzhen Component Index fell 2.31% to 10941.01 points; The growth enterprise market index fell 2.64% to 2045.93 points.

  China’s major stock indexes closed on the 12th.

  "China’s economy is relatively better than that of overseas economies, and RMB assets have certain hedging characteristics. Domestic capital markets, including A-shares, will perform better than overseas markets." Pan Xiangdong, chief economist of New Era Securities, told reporters, "But we should also be vigilant. If the overseas economy goes down sharply, it may lead to further damage to China’s industrial chain and exports, which will have an impact on China’s economy and A-shares."

  "With the resumption of work and production, China will lead the world in economic recovery. The safe haven function of the A-share market will also be reflected in the medium and long-term configuration. " Huaxin Securities believes that March will be a seesaw market. Due to the high uncertainty in the external market, there may be a one-day panic market, but it is not sustainable, but it is an opportunity for layout.

  Author: Cheng Chunyu

Securities and futures commission starts! Real estate has been the focus of great benefits.

  As one of the important channels of real estate financing, private equity funds have started to invest in real estate, and the scope of investment in real estate is wider than in the past.

  On February 20th, the CSRC issued a notice saying that in order to further give play to the advantages of diversified asset allocation and professional investment operation of private equity funds, meet the reasonable financing needs in the real estate sector, and promote the real estate market to revitalize the stock, the CSRC launched the pilot work of private equity investment funds in real estate.

  According to the requirements, the investment scope of real estate private equity investment fund includes specific residential buildings (including stock commercial housing, affordable housing, market-oriented rental housing), business premises, infrastructure projects and so on.

  The CSRC also indicated that foreign investors are encouraged to invest in real estate private equity investment funds in the form of QFLP (Qualified Foreign Limited Partner).

  Later that day, under the guidance of the CSRC, asset management association of china drafted the Guidelines for the Pilot Filing of Real Estate Private Investment Funds (Trial) and officially released it, which further clarified the scope of real estate investment and the pilot requirements for managers.

  Zhang Ping, executive director of IFFRE (International Financial Real Estate Alliance) and chairman of BOMA China Research Committee, said that in recent three years, due to the epidemic, economic challenges and market fluctuations, many housing enterprises have been thundered due to the break of capital chain, and financial institutions have been forced to hold assets in debt-for-equity swaps, but they lack the ability to actively manage them, so there have been many special opportunities and countercyclical structural opportunities to buy distressed assets at a discount.

  "Last year, the investment in the national block trading market was about 220 billion yuan. It is expected that the activity of real estate investment transactions and the investment in block trading will increase significantly this year, and the real estate investment market will be very active." Zhang Ping said.

  "Using private equity funds to revitalize operating real estate will be an important direction of the new development model of real estate. Investors can also allocate real estate through real estate funds. " A private equity fund said that the development opportunity of real estate private equity investment funds has come.

  ━━━━

  Private equity fund investment in real estate pilot started

  By the end of 2022, there were 838 private equity real estate funds in asset management association of china, with a scale of 404.3 billion yuan; There are 1424 private equity infrastructure funds with a scale of 1.21 trillion yuan, which are mainly invested in commercial real estate, transportation infrastructure, logistics and warehousing, and municipal engineering development and construction.

  These products have played an active role in supporting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, promoting the real estate market to revitalize the stock and transform the development.

  However, because the investment scope, investment mode and asset return characteristics of real estate private equity investment funds are quite different from those of traditional equity investment, the CSRC instructed the fund industry association to set up a new category of "real estate private equity investment funds" under the framework of private equity investment funds and adopt differentiated supervision policies.

  The CSRC has made it clear that the pilot work is based on the principle of pilot first and steady progress. Private equity investment fund managers who meet certain conditions can raise and set up real estate private equity investment funds in accordance with the pilot requirements to conduct real estate investment pilots.

  According to the requirements, the managers of private equity investment funds participating in the pilot work must have stable ownership structure, sound corporate governance and paid-in capital meeting the requirements. The main investors and actual controllers must not be real estate development enterprises and their related parties, have real estate investment management experience and real estate investment professionals, and have not committed any major violations of laws and regulations in the last three years.

  The CSRC believes that, considering the characteristics of large-scale and long-term real estate private equity investment funds, investors need to have higher risk identification ability and risk-taking ability, and the first round paid-in investment of investors in pilot fund products is not less than 10 million yuan, mainly institutional investors.

  For real estate private investment funds holding more than 75% of the equity of the invested enterprise, a small number of ultra-high net worth natural person investors can be introduced in a limited proportion to prevent stakeholder risks. The total contribution of natural person investors shall not exceed 20% of the paid-in amount of the fund.

  The scale of the first round paid-in raised funds of real estate private equity investment funds shall not be less than 30 million yuan, and it can be raised on the premise of meeting certain requirements; At the same time, foreign investors are encouraged to invest in real estate private investment funds by QFLP.

  In order to strengthen the risk prevention and control in the field of real estate investment, the policy also makes it clear that private real estate investment funds should be under compulsory custody, and managers are strictly prohibited from using the fund property to invest in enterprises or projects controlled by their actual controllers.

  According to the CSRC, private equity fund managers who meet the requirements of the pilot can submit relevant materials to the China Foundation before carrying out business activities such as fund raising and management, carry out pilot projects of real estate private equity investment funds, and file products in accordance with regulations. Private equity investment fund managers who do not participate in the pilot can continue to carry out equity investment business such as affordable housing, commercial real estate and infrastructure in accordance with the relevant self-discipline rules of the Association.

  Bai Wenxi, chief economist of IPG China, said that while actively promoting the expansion of the real estate private equity fund pilot to specific commercial housing, promoting real estate financing and promoting the recovery of the real estate industry and the recovery of the market, prudent measures have been taken to steadily promote the real estate private equity fund pilot, such as improving investor access standards, strict supervision, and strengthening industry guidance. This shows that the CSRC has taken a prudent attitude of actively promoting and being cautious and supervising at intervals.

  ━━━━

  Revitalize the existing assets of housing enterprises and guarantee the delivery of buildings.

  In the past, private equity funds can also invest in the residential market, and once served as an important source of investment and financing for housing enterprises. However, after asset management association of china issued the Record Management Standard No.4 in 2017, the investment of private equity funds in the residential market has been basically restricted.

  Last November, at the annual meeting of Financial Street Forum, Yi Huiman, Chairman of China Securities Regulatory Commission expressed the policy attitude that the capital market supports the stable and healthy development of the real estate market.

  At that time, when answering a reporter’s question, the spokesman of the CSRC said that it would actively play the role of private equity investment fund in supporting equity financing of real estate enterprises. Piloting private real estate investment funds, allowing qualified private equity fund managers to set up private real estate investment funds, introducing institutional funds, investing in existing residential real estate, commercial real estate and infrastructure, and promoting real estate enterprises to revitalize operating real estate and explore new development models.

  Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party also made it clear: "Accelerate the establishment of a housing system with multi-agent supply, multi-channel guarantee and simultaneous rent and purchase."

  Now, real estate private equity investment funds came into being. In addition to investing in infrastructure, we can also invest in existing commercial housing, affordable housing, market-oriented rental housing, commercial operation housing and so on.

  A real estate securities person said that allowing qualified private equity institutions to set up real estate private equity investment funds, on the one hand, is to solve the problem of the source of funds for "Baojiaolou" and incite social funds to participate through some high-credit funds; On the other hand, it can also introduce new funds for the current residential and commercial real estate, revitalize the stock of operating real estate of housing enterprises, and ease the financial pressure of housing enterprises.

  For private equity institutions and domestic and foreign institutional investors, it may mean that the real estate "bargain-hunting" opportunity is coming.

  From the international experience, some large and successful private equity institutions often have a considerable proportion of real estate investment projects, which is an important source of their profits. The data shows that Blackstone’s real estate fund business has raised about 25% of Blackstone’s total fundraising since 2016, and the distributable profit accounts for nearly half of Blackstone’s total, which is the "ballast stone" for Blackstone’s scale and profit growth.

  Zhang Ping said that the investment strategy of real estate private equity funds mostly depends on the investment preferences of institutional cornerstone financial investors (LP), and their investment preferences are comprehensively determined by the source, nature, term, balance of income and risk.

  For example, she said that insurance funds are often the main cornerstones of private real estate funds because of their large amount of funds, capital investment and allocation needs. However, insurance funds cannot be invested in the field of stock commercial housing. It is expected that pre-REITs (public offering REITs front-end link) real estate private investment funds with affordable housing, market-oriented rental housing and infrastructure projects as the underlying assets and stable cash flow will be favored by insurance funds first.

  The CSRC also made it clear that "overseas investors are encouraged to invest in real estate private investment funds by QFLP". In Zhang Ping’s view, this indicates the scope and channels of investment targets of overseas institutional investors, which helps to enhance the confidence of overseas LPs.

This article is from: China Real Estate News.

Author: Xu Qian

Reporting/feedback

[See you at 8: 00] Weifang informed the investigation of the incident reported by Li Guoxin, the actual controller of Reading Automobile.

  CCTV News:At 8 o’clock every day, CCTV will sort out the big and small things that happened around us within 24 hours.

The Ministry of Water Resources launched a Class IV emergency response for flood and drought disaster prevention in seven provinces.

Ministry of Public Security: In cases of affray, affray, car racing and street bombing, it is necessary to investigate the case immediately and do it quickly.

Ministry of Culture and Tourism: Intensify efforts to crack down on illegal scalpers and third-party platforms.

The Embassy of China in Vietnam reminds citizens who go to Vietnam in summer to pay attention to traffic safety and wading safety.

In the first half of this year, China’s gold production and consumption achieved steady growth.

The Supreme People’s Procuratorate decided to arrest Wang Xuefeng, former member of the Party Group and deputy director of the Standing Committee of Hebei Provincial People’s Congress.

Zhou Jiangyong, former member of the Standing Committee of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and former secretary of Hangzhou Municipal Committee, was given a suspended death sentence in the first instance.

Weifang informed Li Guoxin, the actual controller of Reading Automobile Company, about the investigation of the incident: the discipline inspection and supervision organs dealt with the nine responsible persons involved according to the rules and regulations.

Shi Jin, former acting director of People’s Education Publishing House Printing Factory Co., Ltd., was examined and investigated.

McCarthy: The investigation of the Biden family may rise to the level of impeachment investigation.

US media: The United States plans to provide another $400 million in military assistance to Ukraine.

The Cambodian People’s Party announced its victory in the general election.

The Quran was burned in front of the Iraqi Embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark.

A man drowned near Obama’s private estate and became Obama’s personal chef.

South Korea announced the latest investigation results of "ghost baby": many children died or died.

An Australian man chased his girlfriend’s car and caused a serial car accident, killing three people.

·Gansu Shandan informed the fire situation of the Great Buddha Temple: the site of the Great Buddha Temple was not affected.

Nanjing Metro informed that women were fined for drinking water: it was juice, and a notice was issued according to the regulations.

A fierce male restaurant in Xishuangbanna was investigated: hiring male actors to feed consumers mouth to mouth.

Shanxi police informed that the girl was slapped and kicked: all relevant personnel were present.

Shijiazhuang informed band singer Shang Yan of his misconduct: the person involved was detained and the company closed down for rectification.

Guizhou Medical University received a large number of unreasonable transfers to public accounts, and the public security organs suggested that fraud cases were involved.

Shanghai No.1 Maternal and Infant Health Hospital held a concert and couldn’t even hear the call? Hospital: Apologize to the affected patients for aiding public welfare projects in Yunnan.

When the cattle to be slaughtered are watered, only the butcher is punished? Hainan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs intervened, and the slaughterhouse involved was planned to be fined more than 100,000 yuan.

Shenzhen authorities responded to the Ferris wheel ticketing "high-priced ticketing": suspected of breaking the law, handed over to the Municipal Public Security Bureau.

Tourists jump over the fence and trample on Danxia landform to take photos. Official: Fine 200 yuan and apologize publicly.

The study group charged 1.5 million yuan for illegally booking 139 students into the school, and Peking University: closed the access rights of 46 alumni booking system.

Girls wearing cos clothes and taking the bus were angered by men, and the Yangzhou police in Jiangsu Province have been involved in the investigation.

In addition to the high price, vague industry standards, vague relevant qualifications and uneven service quality are also the pain points of the current development of the nursery industry.

— — The rule of law daily talks about "the development status of nursery institutions"

Recently, with the end of water and sediment regulation of the Yellow River, the water level of Heigangkou dangerous section in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of the Yellow River has dropped. After the river bed is washed by the current, it presents a crisscross "vein".

Dunhuang, Gansu: The crescent spring scenic spot in Mingsha Mountain is full of yellow sand.

Zhenjiang junior high school teenagers (Jeric T, Yang Zongwei, Yang Li, Li Yuxiang) Xijindu’s passionate speech video was popular all over the network, and netizens praised them: "They showed what China teenagers should look like!" .

  See you at 8 o’clock tomorrow!

Editor in charge: Qian Jingtong

Editor: Wang Yuxi Xiao Xiao

Heavy! It’s about real estate!

On January 25th, the State Council Press Office held a press conference, and the relevant person in charge of the General Administration of Financial Supervision introduced that up to now, the balance of real estate development loans and personal housing loans in China was 12.3 trillion yuan and 38.3 trillion yuan respectively. In 2023, Chinese banks issued 3 trillion yuan of development loans and 6.4 trillion yuan of housing mortgage loans respectively, which add up to nearly 10 trillion yuan. In addition, in 2023, banks also provided real estate enterprises with M&A loans and stock extension loans, which add up to more than 1 trillion yuan.

As for Baojiaolou, by the end of 2023, most of the 350 billion yuan special loan for Baojiaolou has been put into the project, and commercial banks have also provided corresponding commercial supporting financing to ensure the completion of the task of Baojiaolou.

The relevant person in charge of the General Administration of Financial Supervision said that in order to maintain the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, the following main tasks will be focused on in the near future:

First, accelerate the implementation of the coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing. Under the coordination mechanism led by the city government, according to the principle of fairness, the list of real estate projects that can be given financing support is pushed to financial institutions within their respective administrative areas. Financial institutions shall evaluate the support objects pushed by the coordination mechanism according to the principles of marketization and rule of law, and actively meet the reasonable financing needs for projects with normal development and construction, sufficient collateral, reasonable assets and liabilities and guaranteed repayment sources; For projects that encounter temporary difficulties in development and construction, but the funds can be balanced, we should not blindly draw loans, pressure loans or cut off loans, but give greater support through the extension of existing loans, adjustment of repayment arrangements and new loans.

The second is to guide financial institutions to implement the management requirements for operating property loans. The Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Management of Operating Property Loans was issued on January 24th. The Notice allows banks to issue operating property loans. For real estate development enterprises with standardized operation and good development prospects, the operating property loans issued by national banks to these real estate enterprises can be used to repay their stock loans and open market bonds before the end of this year.

Third, we should continue to provide financial services for individual housing loans. Support local city governments and housing construction departments, further optimize individual housing loan policies such as down payment ratio and loan interest rate due to city policies, and guide and urge banks to better serve the financing needs of the broad masses of people’s rigid and improved housing.

The fourth is to guide and require banks and other financial institutions to vigorously support the construction of "three major projects" such as "emergency and emergency" major infrastructure and urban village reconstruction, and to form physical workload as soon as possible.

Original title: "Heavy! It’s about real estate! 》

Read the original text

Golf 7 one-button lifting reset

https://car3.autoimg.cn/cardfs/product/g29/M0A/13/F1/800x600_0_autohomecar__Chxkm2HGkveADWYhACAIx3ph4Kg720.jpg

First, lift the window button to make the window rise to the top, hold your finger for 3 to 5 seconds and then release it, then press the window button to lower it to the bottom, hold it for 3 to 5 seconds and release it, and the reset will be successful. After the operation, you can try whether the one-button lifting is successful.

Introduction of one-button lifting button for window

One-button window lifting refers to a system in which the car window can be directly controlled to lift in place once. The one-button lifting control switch equipped with an automobile has two gears. The first gear has the same function as the ordinary electric window, and it needs to be lifted without moving, while the second gear is a one-button lifting window, which will automatically rise or fall to the top only by pressing and releasing it.

Advantages of one-button lifting window

General mid-to high-end cars will be equipped with the function of lifting the window with one button, which is convenient for drivers and passengers to use, avoiding the driver’s distraction because of opening and closing the window, effectively improving the safety factor, and now all the functions of lifting the window with one button have the function of preventing hands from being pinched, and the safety factor is also very high.

What should I do if the one-button function fails?

When the one-button function fails, you can press the AUTO button to the bottom until the window is lowered to the bottom for 2 seconds and then release it. At this time, the one-button function will take effect. Then put the AUTO key to the top, and hold it for 2 seconds after the window is raised to the top, and the one-button window-raising function will take effect. If an individual door can’t lift the window with one button, then put that window on the button and close it, lift the button for 5 seconds, and then press the button for 5 seconds, which should be enough.