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With the popularity of the automobile industry, especially as an urban sports vehicle, many TXTs who don’t understand cars think that the SUV with four-wheel drive system is an off-road vehicle, which is completely wrong.

1. -（||）

Off-road performance: Jimny has a good reputation in the off-road circle. Its powerful off-road performance makes it occupy a place in the list of off-road vehicles at home and abroad. Someone once said: "Where Lu Xun can go, Jimny can also go;" Where Lu Xun can’t go, Jimny can also go. " You can imagine how powerful Jimny’s off-road performance is! Short axis, minimum ground clearance of 190mm, approach angle of 37, passing angle of 31 and departure angle of 46, these inherent advantages give Jimny strong off-road performance. The front and rear integral axles and non-loaded body make Jimny have strong chassis rigidity. Jimny is equipped with part-time 4WD system, which can switch freely between 2WD (two-wheel drive), 4wd (four-wheel drive) and 4WD-L (low-speed four-wheel drive). In the low-speed four-wheel drive mode, the output torque of the transmission shaft will be amplified by 2.6 times to cope with Jimny’s limit of 110Nm. Although Jimny has strong cross-country performance, he also has serious injuries. Its front and rear axles adopt open differential, which leads to uneven power distribution when the wheels slip and weakens the ability to get out of trouble. Of course, for cross-country enthusiasts with strong hands-on ability, this is not a problem, and it is inevitable to move the knife on the differential.

Three SUV models,

Off-road performance: Isuzu is a very niche brand in China. Many people have never even heard of it. Compared with Wuling, its reputation is far worse. However, this does not prevent it from having a strong off-road capability. The minimum ground clearance of Isuzu is 225mm, that of approach angle is 26, and the departure angle is 21. There are no shortcomings in the body data. Because it is a hard-core off-road vehicle with a non-load-bearing body, Isuzu mu-X adopts a front double wishbone independent suspension, and the rear whole axle is an independent suspension. The four-wheel drive system adopts part-time 4wd, and both front and rear axles are open differentials. There are 2H (two-wheel drive), 4H (high-speed four-wheel drive) and 4L (low-speed four-wheel drive) modes. Magnify the torque by 2.48 times. In addition, Isuzu mu-X adopts diesel engines, including 2.5T and 3.0T diesel turbocharged engines, in which the maximum power of 2.5T model is 136Ps and the maximum torque is 320Nm, and the maximum power of 3.0T model is 177Ps and the maximum torque is 380Nm, which is very impressive, greatly enhancing the ability to get rid of difficulties.

3.（||）

Da was born in a famous family, under the banner of Little Rabbit Music, and once it was launched, it sucked countless powders. It is not an exaggeration to say that it has ignited the hard-core SUV market. In fact, Toda originated from Nissan’s Navara platform. Navara is a car with less power than Tourer, but as an off-road vehicle, there is no problem in making it durable. As a hard-core SUV that focuses on off-road performance, a non-loaded body is a must, and there is no problem with part-time four-wheel drive. The low-level four-state torque is amplified by 2.7 times. That sounds great, right? More importantly, in addition to the central transfer box, Tuda is also equipped with a rear axle. The claw differential lock is equivalent to the middle and rear two locks, and its ability to get out of trouble is beyond doubt. If you really want to drive a Tuda to play cross-country, you can basically switch to a capable AT tire or MT tire, and most of the situations can be solved.

4、H5

The most pragmatic hard-core off-road SUV of Haval brand belongs to Haval H5, but it is too big to cover, but in terms of off-road, Haval H5 is quite good. It is equipped with a 2.0T gasoline/diesel engine, in which only the maximum torque of the engine reaches 320Nm. Among them, the manual transmission model has part-time 4wd, and with Eaton’s mechanical differential lock, the torque can be amplified by more than 2 times. Coupled with the automatic transmission model with higher configuration and higher comfort, Haval H5 is definitely worthy of the title of "God Car".

5、（||）

Off-road performance: If you only look at the appearance of the X8, you may think that it is an ordinary urban SUV. If you think so, then you underestimate it. The minimum ground clearance of landwind X8 is 200mm, that of approach angle is 27.4, and the departure angle is 24.2, which is far better than that of urban SUV. Moreover, the Landwind X8 also uses a non-loaded body, which is also a major criterion to judge whether it is a hard-core off-road vehicle. Landwind X8 also comes standard with a set of standard part-time 4wd system, with 2WD (two-wheel drive), 4H (high-speed four-wheel drive) and 4L (low-speed four-wheel drive) modes. The center differential has a 50:50 front and rear power distribution. The transfer case is equipped with a torque amplifying gear with the amplification ratio of 2:1, and the rear axle adopts Eaton differential lock, which has the ability to limit the slip between wheels and greatly improve the performance of getting out of trouble.

6. Zhengzhou Nissan-(||)

Off-road performance: paladin is an old-fashioned hard-core off-road vehicle. Why is it called costume? Because it hasn’t been changed in China for nearly 10 years, it seems to have been forgotten by Nissan. However, paladin’s off-road performance and reliability are beyond doubt. In 2004, China driver Lu Ningjun successfully completed the Dakar Rally in a simple modified paladin, which proved that this car was very trustworthy to some extent. Paladin’s four-wheel drive models are equipped with the traditional part-time 4wd system. The power of the engine is transferred to the transfer box through the gearbox. When the transfer box is in the four-wheel drive position, the front and rear axles of the vehicle are hard connected with torque amplification gears, and the magnification is about 2 times. However, paladin’s four-wheel drive system does not have a central differential, so the four-wheel drive state cannot be used on paved roads. Moreover, Shengdu on sale is not equipped with any anti-skid device between wheels, which directly limits its ability to get out of trouble.

Qilu. com December 29 th Do you have a driver’s license?

How long has it been since you learned your driving license?

I’m afraid this is the most frequently asked question of "new drivers" …

Because of the inexperience and mental stress in vehicle operation, novice drivers are prone to accidents or dangerous actions when driving … Don’t say much, use data to speak …

On the 29th, Shandong released the latest data: from January 1 to December 11, 2017, the number of road traffic accidents and the number of deaths of drivers with less than three years’ driving experience in the province accounted for 18.18% and 13.89% respectively.

Drivers who fail to give way according to regulations, speeding, violating traffic signals, retrograde and illegally occupying roads are drivers with driving experience of less than 3 years (inclusive).The main traffic violations.

The driver drives a motor vehicle into the expressway during the internship period,It should be accompanied by a driver who has held a corresponding or higher driving license for more than three years. In violation of this provision, the traffic administrative department of the public security organ shall give a warning or impose a fine of 150 yuan.

Q: Strict management of the internship period of the driver’s license is conducive to the cultivation of new drivers’ civilized and courteous, safe and law-abiding driving awareness and habits. In order to strengthen the management of new drivers, Order 123 further improved the management system of driving license internship:

First, drivers who have newly obtained driving licenses such as large buses, medium-sized buses and tractors will be included in the internship management.

The second is the requirement.When driving a motor vehicle on the expressway during the internship period, it must be accompanied by a driver with a corresponding or higher vehicle driver’s license for more than 3 years.

Third, the driver’s license isIf there is a record of 12 points during the internship period, the driving qualification of the internship model will be cancelled.

Fourth, after the internship period of large and medium-sized van drivers, they should take the knowledge test of safe and civilized driving and receive traffic accident warning education.

Fifth, drivers of large and medium-sized vans.If you record more than 6 points in violation of the law during the internship period, the internship period will be extended by one year; In the extended internship period, if you score more than 6 points but fail to reach 12 points, your internship driving qualification will be cancelled.

Need to be reminded that during the internship period, drivers need to stick internship signs on the back of the car body when driving.

Q: during the internship, the driver drives a motor vehicle on the expressway.It shall be accompanied by a driver who has held a corresponding or higher driving license for more than three years..

Driving a small automatic passenger car dedicated to the disabled,Accompanied by a driver who holds a driving license of a small automatic passenger car or above.

Q: The driver newly obtained a driver’s license for a large bus, tractor, city bus, medium-sized bus or large truck after January 1, 2013.The internship period will be extended by one year if you are scored more than 6 points but not up to 12 points during the internship period..

During the extended internship period, please note the following:

One isYou need to accompany the driver on the expressway according to regulations;

The second isA quasi-driving model that will be cancelled for internship if it is recorded for more than 6 points again;

The third isThose who have been recorded for 12 times in a scoring cycle will be downgraded; Fourth, after the internship period, you should take the education examination.

Q: Before the implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law on May 1, 2004, drivers were forbidden to drive motor vehicles on expressways during their internship. Considering the acceleration of highway network construction in China in the new century, the increasing number of motor vehicles owned by individuals, and the increasing number of people traveling by car, many drivers have to travel during the internship period, especially go on road trip and other long-distance trips, which require driving on the highway. After the implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law,No longer restrict drivers from driving on the expressway during their internship.

However, judging from the accidents that happened during the driver’s internship on the expressway, a large part of them were caused by low driving skills and lack of experience. Order No.123 borrowed from foreign practices.It is stipulated that drivers who drive motor vehicles on expressways during the internship period should be accompanied by drivers who have held corresponding or higher driving licenses for more than three years.

Among them,Driving a small automatic passenger car for the disabled can be accompanied by a driver who holds a driving license above the small automatic passenger car.

However, during the internship period after the increase of the quasi-driving type, driving the original quasi-driving type motor vehicle is not subject to the above restrictions.

Q: The implementation of the law needs the protection of the state’s coercive power, but more needs citizens to consciously abide by the law.

The implementation of the driver should drive a motor vehicle on the expressway during the internship periodThe requirement of being accompanied by a driver with a corresponding or higher driving license for more than three years also depends on the driver’s conscious compliance..

Public security traffic control departments mainly rely on highway toll stations, entrances and exits, service areas, etc. to conduct spot checks.If it is found that the driver is in the internship period and has not been accompanied by a driver with a corresponding or higher driving license for more than three years, and has been driving or is driving on the expressway, the public security traffic control department will impose a fine on the driver from 20 yuan to 200 yuan in accordance with the provisions of Decree No.123, and order him to leave the expressway nearby.; Those who are preparing to enter the expressway will be advised to return after education.

Q: If a driver has a road traffic accident while driving a motor vehicle on the expressway during the internship period, the traffic control department of the public security will determine the responsibility for the accident according to the traffic violations and faults of the driver during the internship period confirmed by investigation.

If there is evidence that the accompanying driver forces the driver during the internship to drive a motor vehicle in violation of road traffic safety laws and regulations and the requirements for safe driving of motor vehicles,If a traffic accident is caused, the accompanying driver shall bear the corresponding responsibility for the accident.

For those who do not constitute a crime, in accordance with the provisions of Article 99 of the Road Traffic Safety Law,Impose a fine of not less than 200 yuan but not more than 2,000 yuan on the accompanying personnel; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Q: There are three main situations in which the driver violates the internship management regulations:

One is to drive buses, buses, police cars, fire engines, ambulances, engineering rescue vehicles and motor vehicles carrying explosives, inflammable and explosive chemicals, toxic or radioactive substances during the internship period, or drive motor vehicles to tow trailers. Some of these vehicles belong to public transport, some belong to special vehicles and dangerous goods transport vehicles, and the public safety responsibility is great. The Regulations for the Implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law stipulates that drivers are not allowed to drive during the internship period.

Second, when driving a motor vehicle on the expressway during the internship period, there is no driver who has held the corresponding or higher vehicle driving license for more than three years to accompany and guide.

Third, the internship signs were not pasted and hung as required. If the driver has any of the above circumstances during the internship, the traffic control department of the public security department will impose a fine of more than 20 yuan and less than 200 yuan.

Q: Those who apply for a motor vehicle driver’s license for the first time and add quasi-driving models will be included in the internship management. Drivers who hold overseas, military and armed police force driver’s licenses are not included in the internship management after renewing their driver’s licenses because of their driving experience.

Q: Drivers of large and medium-sized vans who have scored 12 points for traffic violations during the internship period will be disqualified from the internship. However, if the cancelled driving qualification does not belong to the maximum permitted driving type and meets the requirements of demotion, the maximum permitted driving type should also be reduced according to the regulations.

At 0 o’clock on January 18, 2017, when Li (male, driving for one year) drove a small car to the intersection of Yuehe No.1 Road, Xizhou Road, zouping county City, Binzhou City,It collided with the electric bicycle that Dong was riding, causing Dong to die.

After investigation, Li violated the first paragraph of Article 22 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China: "Drivers should abide by the provisions of road traffic safety laws and regulations, and drive safely and civilized in accordance with operating norms." And Article 70, paragraph 1: "In the event of a traffic accident on the road,The driver of the vehicle should stop immediately to protect the scene; If personal injury or death is caused, the driver of the vehicle shall immediately rescue the injured person and promptly report to the traffic police on duty or the traffic management department of the public security organ. If the scene is changed due to the rescue of the injured, the location shall be indicated. Passengers, drivers of passing vehicles and passers-by shall give assistance."The provisions, take full responsibility for the accident.

At 0 o’clock on January 27, 2017, Wang (male, driving for 3 years) drove a small car to Guangming Avenue in Zaozhuang while attending a dinner.It collided with a light ordinary truck driven by Zhang who turned left from west to north along Guangming Avenue, causing injuries to Wang and car occupants Wang Moumou and Liu, and Wang Moumou died after being rescued.

After investigation, Wang drunk driving a motor vehicle caused a major road traffic accident and took the main responsibility for the accident. Finally, Wang was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and suspended for one year by the People’s Court of Zaozhuang City. The traffic patrol police detachment of Zaozhuang Public Security Bureau imposed an administrative penalty on Wang for revoking his motor vehicle driver’s license and not re-obtaining it for life.

At 19 o’clock on March 17, 2017, Zhao (male, driving experience for 2 years)When driving a two-wheeled motorcycle to the section of Chentang Village, Zhangwang Town, Tengzhou City, Zaozhuang, because of the darkness, Xu, a pedestrian on the south side of the road, was not found in time, resulting in Xu’s death. After the accident, Zhao abandoned the car and fled.

After investigation, Zhao had an illegal act of escaping after driving a two-wheeled motorcycle traffic accident and took full responsibility for the accident. In the end, Zhao was sentenced to two years and six months in prison and suspended for three years by the Tengzhou People’s Court in Zaozhuang. The traffic patrol police detachment of Zaozhuang Public Security Bureau imposed an administrative penalty on Zhao for revoking his motor vehicle driver’s license and not re-obtaining it for life.

At 20 o’clock on March 17, 2017, when Han (male, driving for 2 years) drove a small car to Nantou Village, Lanshan Bridge, Rizhao City,It collided with the pedestrian Ding Mou, causing Ding Mou to die.

After investigation, Han did not ensure safety when driving a motor vehicle, did not maintain a safe speed at night, and took full responsibility for the accident. In the end, Han was sentenced to six months in prison and suspended for one year by the People’s Court of Lanshan District, Rizhao City. The traffic police detachment of Rizhao City Public Security Bureau imposed an administrative penalty on Han for revoking his motor vehicle driver’s license and not getting it again for life.

At 17 o’clock on April 22, 2017, when Fang (female, driving for 2 years) drove a small car to the intersection of Yuchen Village, Chenhu Town, Boxing County, Binzhou City,Did not ensure driving safety, collided with the bicycle that Ma was riding in front, causing Ma to be injured.

After investigation, Fang violated Article 36 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China: "According to road conditions and traffic needs, roads are divided into motor vehicle lanes, non-motor vehicle lanes and sidewalks, and motor vehicles, non-motor vehicles and pedestrians are divided into lanes. If there are no motor vehicle lanes, non-motor vehicle lanes and sidewalks, motor vehicles will pass in the middle of the road, and non-motor vehicles and pedestrians will pass on both sides of the road. " And Article 38: "Vehicles and pedestrians should follow traffic signals; In case of on-site command by the traffic police, it shall pass according to the command of the traffic police; On roads without traffic signals, you should pass under the principle of ensuring safety and smoothness. " The provisions, take full responsibility for the accident.

At about 18 o’clock on November 13th, 2017, when Yin Mou (female, driving for 2 years) drove a small car to the south of Maying overpass in Zhangdian District, Zibo,It collided with Zuo, who crossed the road along the crosswalk, causing Zuo to be injured.

After investigation, Yin violated Article 47 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China: "When a motor vehicle passes through a crosswalk, it should slow down; When pedestrians are crossing the crosswalk, they should stop and make way."and article 22, paragraph 1:"Motor vehicle drivers should abide by the provisions of road traffic safety laws and regulations, and drive safely and in a civilized manner in accordance with operational norms. "The provisions, take full responsibility for the accident.

Near the end of the year, I hope everyone can abide by the regulations and travel safely!

The Dream of China, starring Liu Yifei, Chen Xiao, Joe, Ada and Jelly Lin, has been very popular recently, and its popularity continues to rise. Meng Hua Lu was adapted from Guan Hanqing’s zaju script Zhao Paner’s romantic rescue.

The background of the story takes place in the Song Dynasty, and the costumes in the play are extremely excellent and elegant, vividly and skillfully highlighting the personality characteristics of the characters. No matter the actors, themes, costumes and plots are excellent, the actress’s shots in this film are even more exquisite and praised by the audience. Of course, all this is indispensable to the credit of lens language design.

Meng Hua Lu has made great efforts in the design and expression of lens language, showing the scenes and characters vividly. The shooting of the whole film is very skillful, and the lens language and picture are very beautiful, artistic, full of meaning and endless charm, presenting pleasing visual effects and bringing excellent visual experience to the audience.

The lineup of Meng Hua Lu is luxurious. The photography director is Yiqin, a senior photographer from Taiwan, China. Director Yang Yang is a famous female directors in China, a national first-class director, and his works have won various awards. The two men joined forces to integrate the theme of the film and the expression of characters’ emotions into the lens language, so that the quality and standard of Dream of China by going up one flight of stairs presented an excellent work to the audience.

In the beginning, Zhao Paner came slowly with a row of bamboo rafts in the distance, his hands alternately swaying bamboo paddles, the breeze blowing gently, the lake waves rippling, and a peaceful and pleasant scene of Jiangnan water town jumped from the paper, giving people an immersive feeling. "arm in arm to punt, the beautiful lake swings."

The camera will play Liu Yifei, the "fairy sister" of Zhao Paner. It is gentle but smart, elegant but atmospheric. This clip has made many viewers watch it again and again, immersed in enjoying this unique beauty like a fairy.

In the fifth episode of the play, the man and the woman talked about drinking, and the wine strength came up, and the eyes looking at each other also changed. Camera switching, a moment to Zhao Paner, I saw her chin staring, charming eyes, a moment to Gu Qianfan, I saw him staring, eyes tender, cut to two people in the same frame, the two sides stared at each other, rendering a subtle atmosphere, at this time, the psychological activities and relations between the two people, can be said to be self-evident.

When parting, the camera switches back and forth between the two. Zhao Paner stood on the small building, Gu Qianfan sat on the boat, and their eyes were reluctant and thoughtful. Zhao Paner eyes flow, tenderness, never removed from Qian Fan, always looked at the boat.

In the face of Zhao Paner’s eyes, Gu Qianfan gradually ignored the words of his peers and didn’t listen to them. When he turned to visit the small building, Zhao Paner’s eyes were still gentle and watery, as if penetrating his heart. At a loss, he had to avoid looking, but he couldn’t help looking in the direction of the pavilion from time to time, showing nostalgia and concern.

Moonlight gently sprinkled on the lake, lingering and lingering, and Zhao Paner watched the boat go away. "whose boat is flat tonight, where to miss the bright moon building." Silent language, with only two people’s eyes and natural scenery, expresses implicit love, which makes people feel unfinished.

The conversation under the umbrella in episode 6, scene selection and composition are very interesting. The background environment is rainy, and the umbrella held by the man and the woman is used to isolate other people in the same space. The camera focuses on the two people, highlighting the main body, making the background completely in Jiao Wai, which enriches the three-dimensional sense of the picture, meaning that this moment is the time exclusively for the two of them, providing a unique space for the next two people to talk.

The raindrops pattering on the umbrella not only created a cold atmosphere, but also narrowed the distance between them, bringing out the psychological changes of the man and the woman, and making them feel depressed. "Holding hands and looking at tears, I was speechless."

The emotion expressed in this lens language is very rich. The concern, awkwardness, pulling and attachment of two people, each picture conveys different emotions to the audience.

On the moon, the willow shoots, and people meet after dusk. In the evening, the sun is setting in the west, and they flirt. When crossing the bridge, Zhao Paner was holding a paper umbrella, and the man was holding the box, chatting while walking, his eyes staring at each other. Although it is a distant vision, there is no voice of conversation between them, but the distance between them and the direction in which their eyes look fully show their mood and relationship at this time.

This shot is poetic and picturesque, and I can’t get tired of watching it. Only a few seconds of a silhouette shot, full of story, made many viewers pause to enjoy this beautiful and romantic scene, and was also made into wallpaper by screenshots.

Meng Hua Lu, whether it is the lens language or the script lines, is carefully polished. The picture is no longer a ten-stage skinning beauty filter for domestic dramas. The lines are properly worded and flowing, the plot is fascinating and natural, and the actors’ acting skills are up to standard without any serious injuries.

Although the recent online comments on Meng Hua Lu are mixed, it is full of some discordant remarks. But on the whole, the film is exquisite in production, high in quality, picturesque and beautiful in picture, and the lens design is rich in layers and originality, which is very worth seeing!

Snow plateau can’t love

-The peaceful liberation and development of Xizang in the eyes of the first batch of veterans Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu.

■ Xu Huibo Zhang Cheng Liberation Army Daily reporter Tao Chunxiao

Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu took pictures at home. Xu huibo

[impression]

As usual, after breakfast, Yin Fatang, the old general, walked into the study with the help of the official monitor, sat at his desk and opened the subscribed Xizang Daily, and picked up a magnifying glass to look carefully.

In the corner of the desk, there is a set of series of books celebrating the 70th anniversary of the liberation of Qamdo that Yin Fatang participated in the revision. The bookcase is full of books related to Tibetan history. Among them, the words "Written by Li Guozhu" are printed on the spine of three sets of books, such as Xizang Gyangze: Historical Memory of the 1904 Anti-British Struggle, Life of a Female Soldier in Xizang and My Unfamoured Xizang. In the glass cupboard, there are many handicrafts with Xizang flavor, such as masks and tricks, which seem to silently tell the origin of this family and Xizang.

This is a residence in a small gray building in Xicheng District, Beijing. Accompanied by the faint Tibetan incense that permeates the room, it is home to the "homesickness" that Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu are unable to give up on the snowy plateau after leaving Xizang for 30 or 40 years.

Seventy-one years ago, Yin Fatang, then deputy political commissar of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army of the Fifth Corps of the Second Field Army, and Li Guozhu, a member of the Kangzang Task Force of the Political Department of the 52nd Division, marched into Xizang with the troops in the first batch, and took root in the nearest place to the sun like Gesanghua. At this point, Xizang has become their second hometown and their spiritual home.

Beijing is more than 2,500 kilometers away from Lhasa, but Yin Fatang and Li Guozhu, the "old Xizang", are separated from the mountains and rivers on the roof of the world with endless thoughts and concerns.

Celebrating the 70th anniversary of Xizang’s peaceful liberation, 99-year-old Yin Fatang is busy writing a sequel to his memoirs, which often lasts all night. As you can imagine, this will be a very heavy memoir, because Yin Fatang’s revolutionary life, especially the "Xizang", is so colorful and rich-

In May 1938, Yin Fatang took part in the revolution in his hometown of Feicheng, Shandong Province, and successively participated in the battles of leaping into Dabie Mountain, Huaihai Campaign and liberating Southwest China. In 1950, he entered Tibet with the first batch of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army. After the peaceful liberation of Xizang, he served as the secretary of the working committee of the Jiangzi Sub-committee of the CPC Xizang, the political commissar of the Jiangzi Army Division of Xizang and the director of the political department of the Xizang Military Region. In 1980s, Yin Fatang, who went to Tibet for the second time, became the first secretary of CPC Xizang Autonomous Region Party Committee, the former deputy political commissar of Chengdu Military Region and the first political commissar of Xizang Military Region, and worked in Xizang for 27 years. Even after leaving Xizang, he has been busy with the construction and development of Xizang, calling for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, promoting the smooth start of the Yangzhuoyong Lake Pumped Storage Power Station and establishing the "Yin Fatang Xizang Education Foundation".

However, after all, Yin Fatang’s hearing is limited in her old age, and she relies more on paper and pens to communicate with others. During the interview, he constantly replaced several pairs of reading glasses and magnifying glasses, trying to identify the problems we wrote on the paper.

His wife, 88-year-old Li Guozhu, warmly shook hands with us on crutches and sat down next to her husband. Li Guozhu is full of energy, her voice is loud and sweet, and she gives a hearty laugh from time to time during the chat. Compared with Yin Fatang’s colorful and well-known Tibetan past, the vivid story of Li Guozhu, an old Xizang female soldier, allows us to witness the glorious years of building Tibet and aiding Tibet from another angle.

Into Tibet

In May 1938, Yin Fatang participated in the anti-Japanese youth training class in Feicheng, Shandong Province, and carried out the "September 18th" anti-Japanese aggression propaganda. Xu Shuji, the consultant of the training class and the county party committee, felt that Yin Fatang was positive and wanted to introduce him to the Party.

Xu Shuji took Yin Fatang to a remote forest, where there were many graves with tombstones.

"Do you know who is the Communist party member here?"

Yin Fatang named several people.

"Do you also want to join communist party?"

"I want to join communist party, but I don’t know where communist party is?"

"Good, you join communist party now!"

At that time, the party organization was still underground. At the age of 16, Yin Fatang didn’t take an oath or hold a ceremony to join the Party. After taking part in the revolution for one month, he became a Communist party member, and started the journey of serving the Party and the people all his life.

After more than ten years of war and smoke, at the beginning of 1950, Yin Fatang, then deputy political commissar of the 52nd Division of the 18th Army, went to the south of Sichuan with the troops, ready to rest in the garrison. On the way, the troops received a "very important, very arduous and very glorious" mission to March into Xizang. After a swearing-in meeting that shouted "We are firm and tenacious, forge ahead courageously, overcome difficulties and ensure the completion of tasks", the 18th Army embarked on a long journey to Xizang. During this "Second Long March" of more than 2,400 kilometers, it passed more than a dozen snow-capped mountains with an altitude of 4,500 meters, crossed dozens of large and small glaciers, and crossed uninhabited virgin forests and swamps and grasslands with hidden dangers.

"I was under the age of 18. Although I didn’t join the party, I have been trying to keep up with party member." Li Guozhu added at a side. At that time, Li Guozhu was waiting for graduation assignment in the military and political university of the 12th Army, and the 18th Army sent people to the school to mobilize, telling everyone about the significance of liberating Xizang and describing the miserable life of people in Xizang being exploited and oppressed. Li Guozhu heard his blood boiling and tears streaming down his eyes in the audience, and immediately decided to sign up for Tibet without telling his family. "We are the youth of the motherland, so hard place, so arduous task, we don’t go to who? At the age of 18, it was the time to devote oneself to the motherland and serve the people! "

Li Guozhu became the first female soldier to enter Tibet. There were 30 female soldiers in the Kangzang Team of the 52nd Division where she worked. She was mainly responsible for transporting food and materials to the troops participating in the Battle of Qamdo with yaks. Although mentally prepared for the hardships along the way, when he really set foot on the road, Li Guozhu found that the road to Tibet was more bitter and difficult than expected. These 18-and 19-year-old female soldiers drive yaks every day, wade knee-deep glaciers, plow the snow at night and fall asleep on the hillside.

"Have you ever seen a dying man?" During the narration, Li Guozhu suddenly opened her eyes and asked us, and then she covered her chest and gasped, vividly imitating the altitude sickness she encountered at that time. Many female soldiers fainted and got up again, and the team stopped and went all the way. The instructor of the task force is an old party member. When he finds that some female soldiers are wavering and want to give up, he tells them the story of the Long March. Those heroic deeds of trudging through dangerous roads while fighting against the enemy can always rekindle the fighting spirit of female soldiers.

Release

After the victory of the Battle of Qamdo, on May 23, 1951, the Central People’s Government and the local government of Xizang signed the Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Xizang, which finally realized the epoch-making peaceful liberation of Xizang. However, the mission shouldered by the troops entering Tibet is far from complete.

After wading through mountains and rivers, Li Guozhu followed the task force into Xizang, and the scene in front of her shocked her immensely. "The introduction made by the school when it mobilized to go to Tibet was still very abstract. What we saw with our own eyes was that Xizang serfs were naked, walking barefoot, and working hard every day without enough food." In sharp contrast, the nobles are dressed in colorful silks and satins, and their food and clothing are all foreign high-grade goods. At that time, Xizang still continued the dark, cruel and barbaric feudal serfdom, and millions of serfs had no personal rights and freedoms at all.

Because of the need of United front work, Li Guozhu often visited the lords with silk, tea and ghee to publicize the party’s principles and policies. In the Lord’s home, Li Guozhu can always see such a scene-the Lord motioned for a cup of tea, and the slave on the side bowed his head and bent down to bring the teacup to the Lord’s hand, even without the qualification of looking up at the owner. If you accidentally spill a little when serving tea, you will be punished immediately by slapping and so on. Speaking of this, Li Guozhu still can’t hide his anger. "At that time, I thought, I can’t let people in Xizang live like this again!"

It was the People’s Liberation Army that made these Tibetans, who had never been regarded as "people", feel the love for the first time. They got to know communist party from knowing the People’s Liberation Army. The 18th Army vigorously carried out the order of "marching into Xizang and not eating anywhere" issued by the Central Committee. Yin Fatang led the troops to pick up shovels for land reclamation and self-reliance. At the same time, he helped Tibetans to repair bridges and roads, sweep the floor behind their backs, treat diseases for them free of charge, eliminate ethnic barriers and strengthen national unity. After a period of time, the names of "Bodhisattva Soldier" and "Imakiayahito" spread among Tibetans.

In 1961, the central government put down the rebellion in Xizang and millions of serfs were emancipated. Li Guozhu, who participated in the land reform, spent a month in the countryside, handing over the first land certificate of the emancipated serfs and bringing them cattle, sheep and other livestock. "Those turned serfs happily patted the cows, led them into the allocated houses to live together, and even slept on the allocated land at night, cherishing these hard-won wealth." Li Guozhu also served as a political teacher, giving lessons for emancipated serfs. She taught herself Tibetan. In addition to completing the required Tibetan courses, she took a notebook when eating and walking. When she saw the Tibetan people, she chased after learning. "If you can speak Tibetan, the Tibetan people can treat you as a relative and tell you the truth." Li Guozhu told the emancipated serfs that all people in the world are equal, and there is no distinction between high and low, so they should emancipate their minds step by step.

Close love

"At the beginning of entering Tibet, I said that I rotated every three years, but I went to Gyangze where I worked for three years. How can I go back without serving Tibetans, carrying out land reform and turning serfs over? We take the initiative to build Tibet for a long time, take the frontier as our home, and build Xizang like our hometown. " Li Guozhu and Yin Fatang stayed in Xizang for more than 20 years. Hospitals, posts and telecommunications offices, weather stations, banks, highways, airports, power stations … quite a number of "firsts" in Xizang were born with the PLA’s March into Xizang and the liberation of Xizang. Yin Fatang and his wife witnessed the seeds of a new Xizang, a new society and a new civilization, which were sown little by little in this magnificent but closed and backward land.

When Yin Fatang went to Tibet for the second time in 1980, Li Guozhu could not go with her because of the liver disease caused by altitude hypoxia, but she was always concerned about the construction and development of Xizang. After retiring in Yin Fatang, she accompanied her husband several times to inspect the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and went back to Xizang to investigate the economic and social development. In 1998, according to the advice of his family, Yin Fatang set up an education foundation with 160,000 yuan saved by three generations, which was officially renamed as "Yin Fatang Xizang Education Foundation". Later, due to their physical condition, they did not want to go back to Xizang, so they used their own way to promote Tibetan history and Xizang culture. Yin Fatang participated in compiling and examining many works on Xizang’s party history and military history, such as Military History of the 18th Army of the People’s Liberation Army of China and the Xizang Military Region, Fifty Years’ Work in Xizang, the Communist Party of China (CPC), and History of the Liberation of Xizang, and published Collected Works on Tibet Work in Yin Fatang. Li Guozhu also kept on writing, writing works such as Gyangze, Xizang: Historical Memories of the 1904 Anti-British Struggle, Xizang Life of a Female Soldier, My Unfettered Xizang, etc. He also mobilized the first batch of living female soldiers to share memories with several old comrades, and with the assistance of the Party History Research Office of Xizang Autonomous Region Party Committee, it took five years to write The First Batch of Female Soldiers Entering Xizang.

"Southwest corner barrier border, standing on the plateau north. God’s heart is close, and a brother will always be like this. " There is a banner calligraphy work hanging in Yin Fatang’s study, which shows the deep attachment of two "old Xizang". Next to it is a vertical calligraphy work, on which word for word is written the "Old Xizang Spirit" compiled by Yin Fatang with several drafts for more than 20 years.

We asked Yin Fatang about the origin of "Old Xizang Spirit". After he heard the question clearly, his spirit cheered up and motioned for us to help him to a place closer to the banner, and read out the "old Xizang spirit" word by word: "Build Tibet for a long time, and the frontier is home; One is not afraid of suffering, and the other is not afraid of death; Consciously abide by the law; Self-reliance and hard work; Especially hard-working, especially fighting, especially patient, especially United, and especially dedicated. " He spoke very slowly, and Li Guozhu listened patiently and nodded with a smile.

Yes, these two old people who have devoted themselves to Xizang are still sticking to the "old Xizang spirit"-

Long-term construction of Tibet, no shortage.

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　 　 　 　On June 10th, 2022, the historical biographical film Kumarajiva was launched in Shenzhen Shajing Qingping Ancient Market Film and Television Town.

The scene of the movie "Kumarajiva" boot conference

　 　 　 　Buddhism is one of the three major religions in the world, which has played a positive role in promoting all aspects of China. When talking about the famous monks in the history of China, the first thing that comes to mind is Master Xuanzang. Master Xuanzang went to the Western Regions to learn from Buddhist scriptures and translate Buddhist classics, which had an important influence on Buddhism in China. However, there was a monk who was earlier than Master Xuanzang, and he was Kumarajiva.　

　 　 　 　Kumarajiva is one of the four great translators of Buddhism in China, who translated 74 scriptures and 384 volumes in his life. These translated scriptures not only greatly promoted the development of Buddhism in China, but also had a far-reaching impact on the history of Buddhism in Asia. Master Kumarajiva himself was not only an important messenger of mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations on the Silk Road in ancient China during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, but also a pioneer in creating national unity. Tagore famously said, "Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves." This sentence is a true portrayal of Master Kumarajiva’s life.

Producer Jinzhan Zhang and screenwriter Shi Yike of the film "Kumarajiva"

　 　 　 　On the day of the conference, Shi Yike, the screenwriter of the film "Kumarajiva", Zhang Jinzhan, a famous producer, Wang Dan, a cutting-edge director, starring Purba Rgyal and Wang Jinsong, and Wen Yaoyao, a special opening guest of China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, made a speech.

　 　 　 　Today, Kumarajiva’s translations of Hokkekyo, Amitabha Sutra and Diamond Sutra are still widely read and studied in China, South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia. Combining the current "Belt and Road" cultural background, the film effectively conveys China’s history and culture to the people of the world, promotes cultural exchanges and cooperation among countries along the Silk Road, inherits the Silk Road spirit and promotes the Silk Road culture.

　 　 　 　The film "Kumarajiva" has attracted much attention from all walks of life since its preparation. On the day of the launch conference, the film producer Zheng Guangzhou, the film planner Huang Jiatai, the chief producer Fu Danchan and all the creative staff all attended, and guests such as Cui Mingchen, editor-in-chief of the Chinese Buddhist Channel of Phoenix.com also attended.

　 　 　 　Young actors enthusiastically joined in, and old actors helped each other.

　 　 　 　Master Kumarajiva was born in Qiuci royal family. He was trapped in Liangzhou for seventeen years by Lv Guang in order to enter the Central Plains eastward and spread eastern and western cultures. After Lv Guang’s death, Kumarajiva went to Chang ‘an to teach Buddhism at the invitation of Yao Xing, Emperor Wen Huan of the later Qin Dynasty, which had a very important influence on the Central Plains culture.

Starring Purba Rgyal, starring Wang Jinsong and artistic director Zhang Zhaoda.

　 　 　 　It is understood that in order to make the characters in the play more in line with history, the young actor Purba Rgyal and the old opera bone Wang Jinsong respectively expounded their understanding of the characters in the play. Purba Rgyal said that compared with his previous roles, the biggest challenge for Kumarajiva, who played as a young man, was how to make himself calm, because Master Kumarajiva was touched by everything, and his greatness could not be described in words. He hoped that he could find inspiration that resonated with Master Kumarajiva in his creation. And with the blessing of Wang Jinsong, an old opera teacher, I believe this movie will be very wonderful. Wang Jinsong, an old opera player, also said that the role he played in this play is different from other roles he has played, so he needs to face it with a more pious attitude.

　 　 　 　Luo Wenbo, a young actor who plays Princess Kamez in the film, also conveyed his blessing through the VCR.

　 　 　 　Strive to restore the real scene, people from all walks of life have high hopes.

　 　 　 　At the press conference, the crew of the film "Kumarajiva" launched the concept poster. The whole poster was mainly in black and white, and the boundless desert turned into a sea of books. Master Kumarajiva bent over the sea of books to translate scriptures, and the theme was concise and clear, at the same time implying that Master Kumarajiva’s understanding of Buddhism and his contribution to future generations were as vast as the sea.

Concept poster of the movie "Kumarajiva"

　 　 　 　According to Huang Jiatai, a film and television planner, in order to enhance the impression of the film, the creative team and his party have visited Kumarajiva’s birthplace Qiuci (now Kuqa City, Xinjiang), Dunhuang White Mata on Dongjin Road, Liangzhou City (now Kumarajiva Temple, Wuwei City), Kumarajiva, where Kumarajiva has lived for 17 years, and Chang ‘an Caotang Temple (now Caotang Temple, Xi ‘an), the national translation venue, and other places to inspect the landscape architecture, feel the humanistic customs, and visit Kumarajiva, Wuwei, Gansu Province.

　 　 　 　In the plot setting, the film focuses on the historical background, showing the important choices he made at the important moment of fate, his great perseverance and willingness to come to Chang ‘an from the Western Regions, his contribution to promoting academic exchanges in culture, art, religion and language between the Western Regions and China, and his contribution to the field of translation studies.

　 　 　 　Interpret the film from four aspects: communication, creation, dedication and professionalism.

　 　 　 　"Communication" — — Since Zhang Qian "hollowed out the Western Regions" in the Western Han Dynasty, the cultural exchanges between the mainland of China and the regions of the Western Regions, Tianzhu, Persia and other countries with different civilizations have been continuous, leaving many cultural heritages and cultural imprints engraved in each other’s civilizations, as well as many historical figures who shine in them. Kumarajiva, the protagonist of this film, is a typical representative. His ancestral home was Tianzhu, and he was born in Qiuci. When he was a teenager, he studied in the western regions and Tianzhu countries. Later, he entered Liangzhou and Chang ‘an, and tirelessly translated classics, making great contributions to the China of Buddhism. He became the first person in the cultural exchange between China and the West and the first of the four translators on the Silk Road before Master Xuanzang in the Tang Dynasty.

　 　 　 　"Pioneering" — — Kumarajiva’s life story runs through the whole movie. From Qiuci to Tianzhu countries, and then to the mainland of China, Kumarajiva witnessed the rich and diverse civilizations along the Silk Road, and also understood the necessity and importance of spreading the civilization achievements of the western regions and Tianzhu to the mainland of China at that time. As a result of Kumarajiva’s translation of classics in Chang ‘an, China’s classical philosophy system, religious system, artistic system and even ideological system were completely transfused. He not only laid a solid foundation for the China of Buddhism, but also integrated Buddhism with Confucianism and Taoism, which together formed the backbone of Chinese national ideology and culture in later generations. His translated works not only started the academic and practical development of China’s translation studies, but also provided reference for later generations’ prose, poetry, drama and novel creation. It has also played an important role in promoting the innovation and development of traditional art statues, painting art and architectural art in China.

　 　 　 　"Dedication" — — Since Qiuci entered Liangzhou, Kumarajiva endured humiliation, Do not forget your initiative mind, and strove forward. He actively learned about local customs and learned Chinese from local residents with an open mind, which laid a solid foundation for cultural communication and translation in the future. This great dedication is the spirit that the film focuses on and carries forward, and it will also be the focus of the film’s education for contemporary people.

　 　 　 　"Professional" — — The film focuses on the unity of academics, artistry and drama. Academic, refers to the professional standards required for the professional content related to history, philosophy, religion, language, etc., such as the use and presentation of ancient Sanskrit, Tuhuoluo and ancient Chinese in the film. In terms of artistry, the splendid cultural exchange achievements on the Silk Road, such as Qiuci music and dance, mural art and sculpture art, will be expressed. Dramatic, focusing on in-depth expression in all kinds of conflicts and challenges that have gone through thousands of difficulties and dangers.

　 　 　 　In addition, Gansu Film Bureau, Gansu Film Association, relevant cultural units in Shenzhen, and many domestic cultural units and cultural enterprises all sent congratulations and messages to the film, and gave full affirmation and support to the film.

The launch conference of the movie Kumarajiva.

　 　 　 　The film Kumarajiva is jointly produced by Shenzhen Zhengfa Film Co., Ltd., Gansu Silv Yijing Cultural Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai New Culture Media Group Co., Ltd. and Beijing Kelaier Cultural Media Co., Ltd., and is expected to be released in 2023.

　　BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) According to Politico, on the 11th local time, John Kirby, strategic communication coordinator of the National Security Council of the White House, said that the Biden administration expressed "concern" about Israel’s previous use of white phosphorus bombs provided by the United States in Lebanon.

　　According to reports, Kirby told reporters on the same day, "We are worried about these reports. We will ask questions to try to learn more. "

　　Prior to Kirby’s remarks, Washington post reported on the 11th that in October, Israel bombed several areas on the Lebanese side of the temporary border between Lebanon and Israel, and used white phosphorus bombs in the attack.

　　Image source: Washington post report screenshot

　　At the time of the attack, a journalist from Washington post found fragments of three 155mm shells in a small village in the southern Lebanese border area. At least four houses in the village were burned and at least nine civilians were injured in the attack. According to the report, the marks on the ammunition fragments show that they were made in Louisiana and Arkansas in 1989 and 1992.

　　Kirby also said on the same day that the white phosphorus bomb has "legitimate military use", which is used for lighting and generating smoke to hide actions. "Obviously, whenever we provide items like white phosphorus bombs to another army, we fully expect that these items will be used for legitimate purposes … … And in accordance with the law of armed conflict. "

　　On the same day, Pentagon spokesman Pat Ryder said that since the outbreak of the new round of conflict between Palestine and Israel on October 7, the United States has not provided Israel with white phosphorus bombs.

　　Asked whether Israel used white phosphorus bombs against Lebanon, Israeli Defense Minister galante said, "The IDF and the entire Israeli security agency have always acted in accordance with international law. This is the way we have acted in the past and in the future. "

In 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) broke out in Southeast Asia. Until recently, HPAI only broke out in Indonesia, Viet Nam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and China and other eastern Asian countries. But from April to June, 2005, more than 6,000 migratory birds died of H5N1 in Qinghai Lake, China. In July 2005, H5N1 outbreaks also occurred in Russia and Kazakhstan. In August, 2005, a wild bird died of H5N1 in a lake area in northern Mongolia. In October 2005, poultry or wild birds infected with H5N1 were also detected in European countries such as Turkey, Romania, Greece, Sweden and Britain. The H5N1 avian influenza epidemic broke out in Anhui, Hunan and Liaoning. This worldwide outbreak of avian influenza has caused a large number of poultry to be killed and infected people. As of November 2, 2005, 122 people have been found to be infected with H5N1, of which 62 died [1]. The worldwide outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza has caused great losses to agriculture and aquaculture, posed a serious threat to human life safety, and attracted worldwide attention. The worldwide outbreak of HPAI can easily remind people of the role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza, because migratory birds have the ability of long-distance migration across national boundaries, and they are regarded as a major carrier of avian influenza virus. However, based on the existing facts, it is still difficult to determine the role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza.The outbreak of avian influenza in 2005 showed some characteristics different from previous outbreaks. The research work is still going on. Although the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza is still controversial, it is urgent to establish a monitoring network for wild birds and conduct a dynamic study on the epidemiology of avian influenza virus.

1 influenza virus characteristics

Avian influenza virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae. According to nuclear protein (NP) and membrane protein (M1), it can be divided into three types: A, B and C. According to hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), influenza A virus is further divided into subtype 2. Up to now, 16 HA (H1-H16) and 9 NA (N1-N9) influenza virus subtypes have been found, and H5N1 is one of the virus subtypes 3.

According to the pathogenicity, avian influenza viruses can be divided into HPAI and LPAI (low pathogenicity avian influenza virus). LPAI is often parasitic in the respiratory and digestive systems of birds, and generally does not cause pathological reactions, or only causes mild pathological symptoms. However, HPAI can infect various tissues and cells of the host, causing various organs of the host to fail, leading to death, and its mortality rate is as high as 100%. Up to now, all the HPAI found are H5 and H7 subtype influenza viruses. LPAI can be transformed into HPAI4 through the change of amino acid site in HA0 cleavage region.

Influenza A virus has been isolated from many animals, including humans, pigs, horses, seals and wild birds. The phylogenetic study of influenza A virus found that influenza A virus has host interspecific relationship, and other animal influenza A viruses originated from waterfowl influenza A virus 5.

The wild migratory birds themselves are the natural reservoir of bird flu.

All virus subtypes of 16 kinds of HA and 9 kinds of NA have been found in aquatic bird populations. Stakkknecht and Shane isolated 2,317 strains of virus from 21,318 birds, with a carrying rate of 10.9%, including 14,303 birds of the order Animalia, and 2,173 strains of virus were detected (15.2%). Except for geese and ducks, the carrying rate of influenza virus in other birds was only (2.1%) 6. It is worth noting that influenza A virus seems to have achieved an ideal parasitic adaptation in the host of wild birds. LPAI is parasitic in the digestive or respiratory system of the host. LPAI isolated from most wild birds is nontoxic, and the host has no symptoms or only mild symptoms. The transmission between birds can be directly or indirectly through dust, water, food and other pollutants contaminated by feces. LPAI may be transmitted to poultry through contact between wild birds and poultry, and mutate in poultry population, leading to HPAI. Poultry infected with HPAI can lead to systemic infection. Clinical symptoms include decreased egg production, dyspnea, excessive tears, brain edema, diarrhea and neurological symptoms that eventually lead to death. But so far, there is no more evidence to prove that wild birds are natural reservoir of HPAI. Therefore, there is a theory of HPAI outbreak mechanism that only when LPAI in wild waterfowl spreads to poultry such as chickens or turkeys, and LPAI mutates into HPAI in poultry, will it lead to the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Since 1959,There were 19 incidents in which LPAI from wild birds was transmitted to poultry and mutated into HPAI in poultry, which eventually led to the outbreak of the epidemic.

3 Debate about Wild Birds as Spreaders of HPAI

It is precisely because wild birds are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus, and the migratory route of migratory birds can obviously connect Asian countries with the outbreak points of H5N1 avian influenza in Siberia, Kazakhstan and Europe. Therefore, when HPAI was raging, some people suspected that migratory birds were spreading the bird flu virus. But so far, no clear source of H5N1 HPAI that ravaged Asia in 2005 has been found. It is speculated that before the outbreak of HPAI in domestic chickens in Hong Kong in 1997, LPAI, the predecessor of this kind of HPAI, might parasitize the wild waterfowl population in southern China and spread and evolve, and then contact with poultry in Hong Kong through some channels. LPAI mutated into HPAI and broke out in 2003. The Hong Kong government controlled the outbreak of bird flu by killing 1.5 million poultry. Then, in December 2003, the virus once again ravaged Korean chicken farms. Outbreaks in Japan and Vietnam in January 2004; An epidemic was discovered in Indonesia in February; It soon led to outbreaks in Thailand and China.

But many ornithologists doubt the hypothesis that wild birds infect avian influenza. First, since the late 1990s, the United States Department of Agriculture has detected tens of thousands of migratory birds migrating from Asia to Alaska, and Hong Kong researchers have also sampled thousands of inbound migratory birds, but none of these tens of thousands of wild bird samples have detected H5N1 subtype. Up to now, the research results show that the H5N1 strain that causes high mortality of poultry is also pathogenic to wild birds. Wild birds infected with HPAI will also get sick and die. When the host dies, the spread of the virus stops, and the spread chain of the virus is interrupted. Secondly, the transmission path and outbreak time of avian influenza are not very consistent with the migration path and migration time of migratory birds. Although wild birds are the natural reservoir of avian influenza, it is not entirely accurate to blame wild birds for the outbreak of HPAI. Because in addition to the migration of migratory birds, bird flu may be spread, the backward feeding methods of mixing livestock and poultry with wild birds provide an ideal environment for the mutation and breeding of bird flu virus, and human activities such as frequent poultry trade and wildlife smuggling may play an unimaginable role in the spread of the virus. For example, in January 2004, an outbreak of H5N1 occurred in Lhasa, Xizang, which was finally found to be caused by selling a batch of sick poultry from Lanzhou, Gansu, 1500 kilometers away to Lhasa. An even more surprising incident occurred in Brussels. In October 2004, two crested eagles smuggled into Belgium from Bangkok Bird Market were seized at Brussels Airport.And detected that it has been infected with H5N1 virus. Therefore, many biologists are skeptical about the hypothesis that migratory birds spread avian influenza virus.

While people are arguing about the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza, the H5N1 outbreak in 2005 showed several aspects different from previous epidemics. Until the spring of 2005, there had not been any death of wild birds infected with H5N1 virus. However, in April 2005, the H5N1 outbreak in Qinghai Lake killed more than 6,000 migratory birds. At present, researchers are still investigating the causes and possible consequences of the outbreak of H5N1 in Qinghai Lake.

Then in August, 2005, wild birds in Lake Irkher in Mongolia also died of H5N1 infection. There are few poultry farms in Lake Irhull. It is likely that wild birds infected with H5N1 brought the virus to Lake Irhull, and the US Department of Agriculture only detected H5N1 strains in dead birds, but not in other living ducks, gulls, geese and swans. It is not known which kind of birds spread the virus, which may be very difficult, because there is very little research work on avian influenza virus in other birds except waterfowl. While the research work is still in progress, in October 2005, several European countries in Caspian Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea broke out one after another, which made more and more people believe that wild birds played a role in the spread of avian influenza.

In October 2005, an outbreak of avian influenza occurred in Hunan, Anhui and Liaoning, and the state took decisive measures to control the epidemic. Some experts said that the epidemic focus may come from migratory birds 9.

4. Establish a wild bird influenza virus monitoring network and strengthen

Protection of wild bird resources

While the role of wild birds in the transmission of avian influenza is still controversial, Europe has begun to establish a European-wide investigation and monitoring network for wild birds. Researchers in the Netherlands have collected more than 6,000 bird samples on the migration routes of European migratory birds. The monitoring network is not only to study the role of wild birds in the spread of avian influenza, but also to monitor the changing direction of avian influenza epidemic, study the variation law of avian influenza virus, and provide valuable data for preventing the outbreak of avian influenza.

Because all the influenza strains in the history of human influenza outbreaks are new strains formed by the recombination of avian influenza strains and human influenza strains, it is difficult for human immune system to play a role in the face of this new strain, and it is difficult for vaccines based on unchanged strains to play a role in the new strain, so it is easy to trigger human influenza outbreaks, resulting in significant economic losses and human death. The wild bird influenza epidemic monitoring network can not only be used as an early warning network for human influenza outbreaks, but also monitor the variation direction of viruses, providing reliable data for vaccine development, and developing vaccine strains that may cause influenza outbreaks before influenza outbreaks, thus changing the previous practice that vaccines can only be developed after influenza outbreaks. In addition, this monitoring network can also monitor the changes of antiviral drug resistance of viruses for a long time to ensure the effectiveness of antiviral drugs in the emergency of influenza outbreak. At present, it has been found that avian influenza virus has developed resistance to interferents based on hemagglutinin (such as amantadine); The interferents developed based on neuraminidase mainly include Tamiflu produced by Roche and Rekenza produced by Gkaxo Smith Kkine. Recent studies have found that influenza virus has produced a few resistance to Tamiflu, while Rekenza has not found any record of resistance because of its low dosage. Therefore, governments around the world should pay attention to the problem of drug resistance while stockpiling antiviral drugs. Use the monitoring network to monitor the virus for a long time,The problem of drug failure caused by drug resistance can be found in time.

Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an influenza surveillance network for wild birds. In the face of severe avian influenza epidemic, China should immediately set up its own wild bird monitoring network, study the role of wild birds in the outbreak of avian influenza, find key hosts, study the transformation and variation law between LPAI and HPAI, monitor the direction of virus variation, and provide reference for vaccine development, and monitor the change of virus resistance, so as to provide reference for the development and storage of antiviral drugs.

5 conclusion

The role of wild birds in the spread and outbreak of avian influenza is still controversial. By analyzing the existing evidence, it is still impossible to confirm the role played by wild migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza. After more than one year’s molecular epidemiological investigation of avian influenza, although it has not been confirmed that wild birds are natural reservoir of HPAI, it can be confirmed that wild birds can be infected with HPAI H5N1 virus, not only migratory birds but also resident birds. All kinds of facts remind us that the outbreak and epidemic of HPAI H5N1 in the world may include the repeated transmission link of "wild birds → poultry → wild birds → poultry", and each host transfer and repetition may enhance the toxicity of the virus.

LPAI can mutate cyclically in poultry and wild birds until the HPAI epidemic occurs. HPAI virus is fatal to poultry and wild birds that originated in the first place. Infected wild birds are often dying or dying, which may affect their ability to spread the virus over a long distance. The fact that migratory birds in Qinghai Lake are infected with avian influenza reveals that H5N1 virus can spread among wild birds. However, these viruses are collected from dead or dying individuals, and they are the ultimate hosts. The further monitoring results of migratory birds that survived the bird flu control in Qinghai Lake will prove whether it is possible for migratory birds in Qinghai Lake to spread the virus with migration. At present, before we fully understand the role of migratory bird migration in the process of bird flu transmission, we should not blindly assume that HPAI has nothing to do with migratory bird migration, nor should we ignore the role of migratory bird migration in bird flu transmission. In addition, a very important point is often overlooked by everyone, that is, keeping birds. Previous studies mainly focused on migratory birds, and recently HPAI virus was detected in resident birds. If HPAI H5N1 can be isolated from a large number of healthy birds, it will be the biggest threat for human beings to prevent and control avian influenza.

From the perspective of logistics, environment and biodiversity, it is difficult to control avian influenza infection in wild birds at this stage. Indiscriminately killing wild birds is ineffective in preventing the spread of avian influenza, and it is likely to cause the extinction of wild birds.

In addition to paying attention to the role of wild birds in avian influenza, limiting the contact between poultry and wild birds should be a key part of avian influenza prevention strategy. We should reduce the contact between people, poultry and wild birds as much as possible, improve the level of poultry raising and avoid free-range; Strictly manage the poultry and wildlife trading market; Strengthen quarantine and immunization work; Put an end to illegal unlicensed poultry and wildlife trade.

In order to prevent the spread of HPAI, it is urgent to carry out scientific research on wildlife diseases. Establish a monitoring network for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds. Monitoring, sampling and analyzing the evolution and variation of avian influenza subtype virus in wild birds. Establish and improve the laboratory research ability to quickly detect and analyze the characteristics and types of viruses. Establish a perfect monitoring network of wild bird epidemic focus in order to quickly respond to virus emergencies and provide timely reference for national decision-making. Long-term monitoring and detection of avian influenza epidemic situation. Investigate the wild host distribution of avian influenza virus, study the variation law of the virus, determine the distribution, types and natural history of avian influenza virus in wild birds, and explore the relationship between wild migratory birds and agriculture and aquaculture structure and its role in the transmission of avian influenza virus to poultry and people. Develop and reserve safe vaccines and antiviral drugs against avian influenza virus. Organize veterinarians, wildlife experts, ornithologists, virologists, molecular biologists and other multidisciplinary experts to jointly study the changing law of avian influenza, fully understand the role of wild birds in the spread and spread of avian influenza virus, and prevent the outbreak of avian influenza and human influenza.

Acknowledgement This research plan has received strong support from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the State Forestry Administration, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Science and Technology Research Group of the National Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Prevention and Control Command, and the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is supported by the key project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2004BA519A11), the President’s Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the frontier project of the Institute of Zoology. Thank you very much!

Main references

1 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/ country/cases_table_2005_11_01/en/index.html.

2 Horimoto T， Kawaoka Y. Influenza: Lessons from past pandemics, warnings from current incidents. Nature Review Microbiology, 2005, 3： 591.

3 Fouchier R A et ak. Characterization of a novel influenza A virus hemaglutinin subtype (H16) obtained from black-headed gulls. J. Virology 2005,79: 2814-2822.

4 Banks J, Speidel E S, Moore E et ak. Changes in the haemagglutinin and the neuraminidase genes prior to the emergence of highly pathogenic H7N1 avian influenza viruses in Italy. Arch Virol.,2001, 146:963-973.

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10 Normile D. Are wild birds to Blame? Science,2005, 310: 426.

Special topic: earthquake-resistant site: the cutest soldier

Topic: A strong earthquake of magnitude 7.8 occurred in Sichuan.

Topic: Love Donation for Earthquake Relief

　

　　　　The "512" earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province always touched the hearts of Hunan fire officers and soldiers. At 8: 30 am on May 13th, loaded with the entrustment of 68 million sons and daughters of Hunan Province and the expectations of nearly 5,000 fire officers and soldiers, a 110-member Hunan fire earthquake emergency rescue team set off from Changsha and went straight to the Wenchuan disaster area in Sichuan. Later, two fire earthquake emergency rescue teams were assembled to fly to the disaster area from May 13th to 1,000.

　　　　The fire officers and soldiers at home who were affected by the disaster resolutely challenged.

　　　　During the "5.12" earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, the families of hundreds of officers and men in Hunan Province were affected, mainly in officers and men from Sichuan, Shaanxi and Chongqing. Among them, the families of two fire fighters in Changsha detachment were seriously affected, and all the houses in their homes collapsed. One of the officers and men was unable to get in touch with their families.

　　　　However, in the face of the disaster, the fire officers and soldiers were selfless. After learning that they were going to dispatch officers and soldiers to Wenchuan, Sichuan for earthquake relief, the fire officers and soldiers in the whole province strongly demanded to participate in the war. The military and political officials of various cities and States took the initiative to ask for the battle to the captain and political commissar. The remote areas such as Zhangjiajie, Huaihua and Xiangxi also repeatedly requested to participate in the war by telephone. The enthusiasm for participating in the war was high, and none of the fire officers and soldiers affected by the disaster took time off. Two soldiers of Changsha detachment also joined the commando team and went to the front. The fire brigade that the earthquake relief team will pass along the way also supports the earthquake relief work in various ways. They hope to reinforce the disaster area with their own strength and hope that the people in the disaster area will get out of trouble as soon as possible.

　　　　Olympic torchbearers go to the front line of disaster relief.

　　　　Jiang Aibing, the vanguard of the first-line earthquake relief team, is particularly familiar with it, and has also become the focus of your media reporters to capture the lens. He is the acting deputy squadron leader of the Special Service Squadron of Changsha Fire Brigade, the "leading soldier in fire fighting and rescue" of the national fire brigade, and also the torchbearer of the Hunan section of the Olympic torch relay. After getting the information that the corps will team up to go to the disaster area for reinforcements, he volunteered to ask the detachment to fight on the front line. When the media reporter asked: "If the rescue in the disaster area lasts for a long time, will you feel regret if you can’t attend the activities of the Beijing Olympic torch relay in Changsha on June 2?" He firmly replied: Being an Olympic torchbearer is the highest honor given by the country and the people, but going to the front to rescue the disaster is the sacred mission entrusted by the party and the people, and it is the unshirkable duty of fire officers and soldiers to save the people from dire straits.

　　　　Coincidentally, Wang Yonglin, the first volunteer of the national fire brigade who successfully donated hematopoietic stem cells and was also the Olympic torchbearer, also appeared in the earthquake relief team. He also rushed to the front line without hesitation. Having stood the test of thousands of fires and disaster relief scenes, he was extraordinarily calm. He said that he would race against time and death to win more time for the people in the disaster areas and rescue more victims.

　　　　At the scene where the fire-fighting and earthquake-relief commandos set out, the vows of fire officers and soldiers are particularly powerful, and they will realize their promises with actions!

　　　　Seven contract firefighters were granted special permission to go to the front line.

　　　　On the evening of May 14th, the meeting room of the Party Committee of Changsha detachment was brightly lit, and members of the Party Committee of Changsha detachment were urgently studying to send the third batch of commandos to Sichuan for earthquake relief. While Li Hao had packed his backpack and stood at the door of the conference room.

　　　　Li Hao, an ordinary contract firefighter in Changsha detachment, felt the mission and responsibility as a contract firefighter after the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, facing the bloody bodies of the people in the disaster area on TV and the crying of babies in the cracks of the ruins. After learning that the detachment will transfer the third batch of reinforcements, he could no longer hold back his enthusiasm and strongly demanded to go to the front line for earthquake relief.

　　　　Li Hao said with great pride: "As a contract firefighter, we have the responsibility and obligation to do our bit for the people in the disaster area with everyone. As long as the organization needs it, it is incumbent on us to participate in earthquake relief." He went on to say: "I have three reasons to go to the front. First, I am a contract firefighter, and it is my duty to go to the front to fight earthquake and provide disaster relief. Second, when I came to be a fireman, I was ready to bleed or even die. Third, I have good physical fitness and strong fire fighting business. I am the first in the Changsha contract firefighter training business competition! "

　　　　Li Hao’s behavior brought us surprise, but also deeply moved. In the past few days, more than 300 contract firefighters have volunteered to rush to Sichuan for earthquake relief. With the special approval of the Party Committee of the Corps, seven contract firefighters, including Li Hao, Liu Chunhui, Wang Jia, Yu Ningxia, Tu Hongjun, Huang Chao and Yi Haiwen, formed a rescue class and participated in the earthquake relief of the Third Commando. With the common wish of more than 300 contract firefighters of Changsha detachment, they embarked on a journey to Sichuan earthquake-stricken area with confidence at 8: 30 am on May 15th.

　　　　Three demobilized cadres of Hengyang detachment invited to the front line of earthquake disaster

　　　　On May 15th, three comrades including Qin Zhifeng, Zhou Fawu and Xie Guobin came to Hengyang detachment early. Due to the need of work, the organization has arranged for these three comrades to work in other places this year. This is the first time that they have returned to their "parents’ homes" after arranging to change jobs. In the detachment office, they couldn’t wait to put forward the "requirements": first, they hoped to donate money to the people in the Sichuan disaster area through the organization, and second, they requested to go to the front line of earthquake relief as a firefighter.

　　　　They always pay attention to the situation in the disaster area, care about the people in the disaster area, and pay more attention to the participation of fire forces in earthquake relief. When they learned that the corps had set up a fire-fighting earthquake emergency rescue commando to go to the front line of earthquake relief, they eagerly hoped to go to the front line of disaster relief with their comrades. They said emotionally that although the organization has arranged for them to work in other places, they are always firefighters, trained and educated by the party and the army for many years. When the party and the country need it, when the people are in danger, they have the responsibility and obligation to stand up and make their own contribution.

　　　　In the face of the severe earthquake disaster, both cadres and soldiers, and even comrades who have arranged to change jobs, have expressed their strong desire to support disaster relief and go to the front line in different ways. With infinite loyalty to the party and the people, the fire officers and soldiers in the province have made full preparations and always listen to the call of the organization. When the people in the disaster areas need it, they will go forward bravely and resolutely.

　　　　As of May 16th, three commandos of the Hunan Provincial Fire and Earthquake Emergency Rescue Team have successively carried out rescue work in Dujiangyan City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province and other severely affected areas. Together with the brothers, they have rescued eight buried people, dug up more than 20 bodies of the victims, evacuated more than 150 people and rescued a large number of living materials. At present, all three commandos have rushed to Mianyang City to participate in the rescue. A total of 216 people from the first commandos and the third commandos joined forces in Nanba Town, Pingwu County, and are cleaning up the collapsed ruins and searching for survivors. The second commando participated in the rescue in Huangping Township, Qingchuan County on the 15th, and was ordered to rush to Beichuan County to carry out the rescue work on the 16th.

　　

Editor: Zhou Zhongxiao

　　Xinhua News Agency, Paris, August 2nd　Question: How does the "Olympic effect" boost the French economy?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Wenxin Liu Fang

　　The Paris Olympic Games is in full swing, and the influence of the "Olympic effect" on the French economy has attracted people’s attention. French economic research institutions believe that the Paris Olympic Games will help boost the French economy in the short term and bring long-term benefits to French tourism.

　　This is the Eiffel Tower, which was shot on July 26th. On the same day, the opening ceremony of the 33rd Summer Olympic Games was held in Paris. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　According to a recent report released by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economics, the Paris Olympic Games will contribute 0.3 percentage points to France’s GDP growth in the third quarter. Among them, the income from Olympic tickets and broadcasting rights contributed 0.25 percentage points, and the increase in the number of tourists led to the contribution of transportation, hotels and restaurants by 0.05 percentage points.

　　Dorian Ruxie, director of the Institute’s Economic Situation Department, said that the above situation is similar to the boost to the British economy from the 2012 London Olympic Games. In the third quarter of 2012, Britain’s GDP increased by 1 percentage point month-on-month, of which the contribution of London Olympic Games was about 0.2 to 0.4 percentage point.

　　According to the French Center for Sports Law and Economics (CDES), from 2018, when the Paris Olympic Games began to be prepared, to 2034, 10 years after the end of the event, the economic benefits brought by the "Olympic effect" to the French island region where Paris is located are estimated to be between 6.7 billion and 11.1 billion euros.

　　The center believes that more than 80% of the "Olympic effect" will be released during the preparation and hosting of the Olympic Games, and the rest of the driving effect will gradually emerge in the 10 years after the Olympic Games. The tourism industry in the French island region will gain economic benefits of 201 million to 1.236 billion euros.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in Dolores Garden. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Yuxi photo

　　Didier Arino, director of "Promoting Tourism", a French tourism consulting company, believes that the positive impact of the Paris Olympic Games on French tourism will continue to appear in the next few years, "because the Olympic Games have given France an extraordinary image".

　　According to the Paris Tourism Bureau, during the Olympic Games this year, Paris is expected to welcome 15.3 million tourists, while under normal circumstances, Paris receives about 12 million tourists from July to August. According to the statistics of Paris Tourism Bureau, from July 24th to 27th, Paris has received 650,000 tourists, a year-on-year increase of 16%. On the day before the opening ceremony, the number of visitors to Paris increased by 34.6% year-on-year.

　　Corinna Menago, director of the Paris Tourism Bureau, said that Paris has always been "quiet" in August, but the tourism situation in Paris will be "very good" in August this year. The Paris Tourism Bureau predicts that the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will be close to 90% in the first weekend of August.

　　According to the statistics of the French Tourism Development Agency, the occupancy rate of hotels in Paris will exceed 80% during the whole Olympic Games, and the number of days for booking short-term rental houses with furniture will increase by 60%.

　　On July 26th, the main torch in the shape of a hot air balloon was lit in front of the glass pyramid in the Louvre. Xinhua News Agency reporter Sun Fei photo

　　In the center near Paris by car — The "Olympic effect" is also very obvious in the Loire Valley region, Champagne region and Normandy region. According to the French Tourism Development Agency, this is partly driven by foreign tourists who come to watch the Olympic Games.

　　As the Olympic Games are distributed in many cities in France, there are more than 1,000 Olympic preparation centers in France, which are used as training and rest bases for Olympic delegations. Almost all French cities that host Olympic events and provide training venues will benefit from the "Olympic effect".

　　In Marseille, a tourist city in southern France where football and sailing events are held, local institutions predict that the city will receive 825,000 visitors during the Olympic Games and gain economic benefits of about 179 million euros.

　　In terms of employment, according to French media reports, the Paris Olympic Games will create nearly 90,000 jobs for the French island region, which are distributed in hotels, restaurants, logistics, tourism and other fields. The International Olympic Committee predicts that the Paris Olympic Games will create a total of 181,000 related jobs and enable 30,000 people to acquire vocational skills through training.

1905 movie network news The Spring Festival family comedy blockbuster is being shown, and the special "Love Without Regret" shows the professional advantages of the screenwriter and director in shooting racing themes, the mastery of details and the profound interpretation of the fate of Zhang Chi characters. The footage of the feature film "Rushing the Line in a Snowstorm" was also officially exposed. Zhang Chi and the navigator Sun Yuqiang challenged the limit and made a thrilling crossing through the hail section of Bayinbuluke, which was high-energy and high-burning, and won great praise. On the fourth day of Lunar New Year’s Eve, Han Han, a screenwriter and director, came to chengdu railway station for a national roadshow with actors, and gained the audience’s love for the film, and shared their moments of moving to tears when shooting or watching movies. The film was written and directed by Han Han, starring Adam,,, and Sean, featuring, and playing in friendship, and won 95% platform-wide praise from Douban 7.9, Cat’s Eye 9.7, Taobao Film 9.6, bilibili 9.5, Weibo 9.1, and Big V, and it is being highly acclaimed.

Click to watch: The film "Pegasus 2" released a feature clip of "Rushing the Line in a Snowstorm"　

"Love without regret" special analysis of professional advantages to truly present the car to every detail

The racing scene of the movie "Pegasus 2" is exciting and shocking. Many viewers commented: "Watching racing on the big screen is exciting. Han Han must be the director who knows racing best!" The newly released special "Love Without Regret" focuses on Han Han, a screenwriter and director who has made many achievements as a racing driver. He used his passion for racing and his professional advantages in Pegasus 2, and he knew exactly what he wanted. Shen Teng believes that few people can have such professionalism as Han Han in the dual fields of racing and directing. Adam, on the other hand, revealed that Han Han has high requirements for racing movements, such as eye angle and movement range. As Marin, the director of Group B, said, "Because he is a racing driver, he not only looks at every shot from the perspective of a director, but also looks at every shot from the perspective of a racing driver." Han Han pursues the truth about the overall shape, interior, center console and other details of the racing car, and has made great efforts in every place. He is called "crazy about racing details" by Xue-hao Zhao, production designer. Norman Luo, the action director, also pointed out that Han Han also has high standards and strict requirements for racing pictures, "making every shot achieve the best effect".

In the movie, Zhang Chi’s love for racing also "echoed" with Han Han. When talking about the continuation of the speeding story, Han Han confessed his preference for Zhang Chi, hoping to continue the fate of this character and present a story that he was covered in scars and suffered injustice but did not change his love. When creating the scene in which Zhang Chi met himself five years ago, Han Han also thought about what Zhang Chi would say to himself. Finally, he felt that he didn’t need to say anything, and it was enough for him to give his present self an affirmation to carry on. I believe the audience can feel the firm love of Han Han and Zhang Chi besides being shocked by the high-energy and high-burning racing scene.

The footage of the feature film "Rushing in the Blizzard" is thrilling. Zhang Chi is not afraid of the snow sprint to detonate the cool mood

The Bayinbuluke Rally shown in the movie "Pegasus 2" not only has a cool shock from the audio-visual level, but also has a strong appeal from the inner level of the characters. The feature clip of "Running the Line in the Blizzard" is one of the highlights that make countless audiences excited, and the line "I have tried countless times, but the opportunity will only appear once or twice" that resonates strongly also comes from it. Zhang Chi came back from five years’ dormancy and drove, but he had to face the extreme weather at Bayinbuluke Rally. The storm and hail brought a series of problems, such as sudden drop in temperature, slippery road surface and blocked sight, which made the danger soar. However, rally was originally designed to challenge all kinds of natural conditions, and all racing cars and drivers were born for it. Zhang Chi didn’t want to miss this hard-won and last Bayinbuluke Rally. Although his car was not ready and his physical fitness was not as good as before, he still chose to face the difficulties. With superb technology, rich experience and persistent belief, he flew all the way without fear of snow and ice, and finally completed the difficult "Scandinavian pendulum" with the help of the navigator Sun Yuqiang and rushed out of the snowy road. This scene set off an extremely cool mood, which made countless audiences admire it. They all said, "It exploded, and tears filled their eyes." "Zhang Chi sprinted in the snowstorm, and my palms were all sweaty." "I walked through the snowstorm and got rid of all obstacles.Live up to love and surpass yourself, really burning and moving. "

The audience of Chengdu roadshow called the film "Laughing and Burning" Han Han Adam Sean shared the moment of touching tears.

On the fourth day of Lunar New Year’s Eve, screenwriter and director Han Han, actors Adam and Sean appeared in the chengdu railway station activity of the national roadshow "Fill up the tank and fly all the way". The audience at the scene expressed their feelings of watching movies, saying that "the movie is particularly beautiful, laughing, refreshing, burning and exploding", "very passionate and very bloody" and "I hope I can bravely overcome the difficulties in life like Zhang Chi. There are also viewers who bluntly cried several times. After finding the lead seal, Zhang Chi said that he only wanted innocence, and when he looked at himself five years ago, he said, "I can hold on, Zhang Chi" and other plots were burning, moving and inspiring.

When asked about the moment when he was moved to tears in the movie, Han Han revealed that it was the scene where Zhang Chi overturned in the driving school late at night, and shared the behind-the-scenes story. At that time, he filmed for several nights. Shen Teng had just finished surgery and needed to hang Weiya upside down. Moreover, it was an emotional outburst scene in Zhang Chi, which was difficult to shoot. While shooting, he was worried about Shen Teng’s physical condition, and he could not even tell whether Shen Teng was in pain or performing Zhang Chi’s pain. Adam was deeply impressed by the scene in which Li Xiaohai saved Zhang Chi: "Brother Teng finally laughed, which may make everyone laugh, but I feel more bitter about Zhang Chi. It’s not easy to see him these years. "Sean frankly was deeply moved by many lines of Zhang Chi’s race, especially the dialogue" We all know that this car is not ready "and" But I am ready ".He was not at the scene when shooting this scene, and heard Zhang Chi say this sentence on the big screen." I was really moved to tears at that moment ". In addition, many spectators came prepared. Adam was presented with a banner of "Young Actor Adam, Flying on the Road Forever", and he and Sean’s characters Li Xiaohai and Liu Xiande were nicknamed "Looking Awesome" group. The founders also received a local special food, Farewell Chicken, and there was a lot of joy on stage and off stage. Before you walk into the cinema,Let the movie "Pegasus 2" take you flying with a smile.

The film "Pegasus 2" was written and directed by Han Han, starring Shen Teng, Adam, Andrew, Zhang Ben Yu and Sean, featuring Wei Xiang and Jia Bing, and featuring Zheng Kai and Feng Shaofeng.