Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 2nd (Fan Xi, Tang Jiayu) On February 2nd, Spring Festival travel rush spent its first week in 2024. According to the data from China National Railway Group Co., Ltd., from the opening of Spring Festival travel rush on January 26th to February 1st, the national railway Spring Festival travel rush sent 81.55 million passengers in the first week, with an average of 11.65 million passengers per day.

Spring Festival travel rush in 2024 was officially launched on January 26th and ended on March 5th, lasting for 40 days. The national railways are expected to send 480 million passengers, an increase of 37.9% compared with Spring Festival travel rush in 2023.

In order to ensure passengers’ safe and orderly travel, Hankou Station of China Railway Wuhan Bureau Group Company upgraded the comprehensive service area of the waiting room on the second floor, and aggregated the transit passenger transfer center, the "old, young, sick, disabled and pregnant" key passenger waiting area, and children’s playground. Four independent areas, such as maternal and child nursing rooms, further enhance the passenger travel experience; China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd. cooperated closely with Guiyang Power Supply Bureau of China Southern Power Grid to carry out Spring Festival travel rush power protection inspections on power supply lines along Guiyang Station, Guiyang North Station and Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway to ensure safe and worry-free travel. Zhengzhou Bureau Group Company of China Railway organized the public works system to clean the snow in key parts of turnouts and apply antifreeze to ensure the safe operation of trains in low-temperature rain and snow weather.

As early as the Renaissance, Italian Cardin thought that Chinese’s magnetic compass, printing and gunpowder were "three great inventions that the whole ancient times could not compare with". This statement has a far-reaching impact because of the emphasis of Bacon and Marx. Later, Voltaire made more detailed comments on Chinese’s inventions of papermaking, block printing, gunpowder and compass, which have included the "four great inventions" that we are familiar with. However, the theory of "four great inventions" is still difficult to comprehensively summarize the great scientific and technological achievements of our ancient ancestors.

After nearly a hundred years’ efforts, the research on the history of science and technology has achieved fruitful results, and the academic conditions for breaking through the limitations of the "four great inventions" have already been met. We should make a new inventory of important scientific and technological inventions in ancient China. Over the years, especially in today’s era of pursuing innovation, academic circles and the public have been eager to know what original scientific and technological achievements Chinese has made. Needham, Temple, Hua Jueming and other experts and scholars have made a list of China’s inventions, which has caused many discussions. Scholars have always hoped to sort out the research results of Chinese and foreign science and technology history, archaeology and other disciplines from the perspective of the whole history of human civilization, and make a prudent academic evaluation of ancient inventions.

In fact, the scientific and technological creativity of the Chinese nation has not yet been fully understood by the public. For example, our ancestors first cultivated the most important food crop-rice; The most important legume crop-soybean; One of the most important fruit crops-citrus; One of the Three beverage crops-Tea. The spread of cultivation techniques of these crops has contributed no less to the survival and development of mankind than the "four great inventions".

In order to spread the knowledge of the history of science and technology and carry forward the spirit of innovation, the Institute of Natural Science History of Chinese Academy of Sciences set up the "Important Inventions and Creations" research group in August 2013, and launched the "China Ancient Important Scientific and Technological Inventions and Creations Selection" activity.

After continuous collective investigation, we selected 85 important scientific and technological inventions in ancient China, and divided them into three categories: scientific discoveries and creations, technological inventions and engineering achievements. Among them, the engineering achievements are distinctive, showing the extraordinary ability of the ancients to create and use advanced technologies, and reflecting the inventions of technical categories such as smelting and casting, civil engineering, water conservancy, architecture, gardening and navigation. Of course, Chinese’s inventions are more than these 85. For example, in terms of machinery and instruments alone, there are jade cutting wheels, plough mirrors, drum turning in memory, grinding cars, scale leakage, lantern running, etc., as well as equatorial armillary sphere with distinctive technical characteristics and vertical axis windmill. There are also some major inventions that have spawned new creations. For example, in the utilization of soybeans, Chinese invented tofu and soy sauce.

The development of ancient science and technology categories is uneven, and the reference factors are more complicated. Therefore, it is not easy to select dozens or even hundreds of "important inventions". In the selection criteria, we focus on three aspects: first, highlight originality; The second is to reflect the advanced level of ancient science and technology development; Third, it has an important impact on world civilization. To evaluate the originality of an achievement, it is necessary to have reliable archaeological evidence or documentary records to prove that it is the earliest discovery in the world, or it belongs to one of the earliest and has outstanding characteristics.

Under the condition that the evidence is fully credible, we can easily and accurately classify and name Dujiangyan, Equation, Drawing Six-body, Jacquard, Papermaking, Porcelain, Waterway Instrument, Piston Bellows, Fireware, etc. However, some scientific discoveries and creations and technological inventions need to be properly summarized. For example, China was good at astronomical calculation in ancient times, and accumulated long-term systematic observation records, among which nova and supernova observation records also made important contributions for modern scientists to study supernova, radio source, pulsar, neutron star and other high-energy celestial bodies. We list "astronomical record" as an important creation to reflect the achievements of ancient astronomical observation in China.

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　　[In-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the 19th Party Congress]

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a major judgment that "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era" in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and made clear the historical position of the cause of the party and the state. Unifying thoughts and actions on this important scientific judgment is the basic premise for winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way and starting a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way from a new starting point.

　　Grasping the new era in the unity of basic national conditions and changes in major social contradictions

　　The primary stage of socialism is a long historical process. In this process, China’s basic national conditions have not changed, but due to the quantitative change and accumulation of economic, political, cultural and social development conditions, some of them have changed qualitatively, and the main social contradictions have changed, and our society as a whole has shown new characteristics of the times. It is from the height of the law of social and historical development that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader grasped the dialectical relationship between the unchangeable and the changeable, made clear the historical position and pointed out the direction for Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　In the new era, new changes have taken place in the main contradictions in our society. After nearly 40 years of reform and development, China’s social productive forces have improved significantly on the whole, and the problem of food and clothing for more than one billion people has been solved steadily. In this context, the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out in time: "The main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development." This conclusion is completely in line with the objective reality of China today, which indicates that our party’s understanding of the law of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s development has entered a new stage, and points out the focus of our new great struggle. At the same time, China is still in the primary stage of socialism in the new era, and we can’t skip this basic national condition to understand our historical position. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "the changes in the main contradictions in our society have not changed our judgment on the historical stage of socialism in China, the basic national conditions that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain in it for a long time, and China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed". Therefore, development is still the top priority in contemporary China, and it is the basis and key to solve all problems. We should conscientiously implement the requirements of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, continue to adhere to the basic line of the primary stage of socialism, further emancipate and develop social productive forces, and constantly meet the people’s growing needs for a better life.

　　The new era marks the new historical orientation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Today, China has embarked on a new journey of building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. We are closer, more confident and capable of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly expounded the symbolic significance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s entering a new era from three dimensions: the Chinese nation, scientific socialism and human society. Using the "five eras", this paper profoundly expounds Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s historic contribution to the new era from five aspects: great cause, development goal, people’s happiness, national rejuvenation and human contribution; At the same time, it reminds the whole party that while being full of confidence, we must keep a clear head. There must be new weather and new achievements in the new era. As long as we always maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, persevere and persevere, we will certainly achieve an all-round improvement in material civilization, political civilization, spiritual civilization, social civilization and ecological civilization, and write a magnificent chapter in the new journey of socialist modernization.

　　在中国特色社会主义实践创新与理论创新的统一中引领新时代

　　最高领袖总书记集中全党智慧，以超凡的政治胆识和理论智慧，全面推进治国理政实践创新，在此基础上形成了具有鲜明时代特征的最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想，并用这一新思想指导新时代的伟大实践。

　　新时代的实践创新催生新思想。时代是思想之母，实践是理论之源。十八大以来，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央以巨大的政治勇气和强烈的责任担当，提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，出台一系列重大方针政策，推出一系列重大举措，推进一系列重大工作，解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革，为最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想提供了丰富而坚实的实践基础。最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义，以全新的视野深化对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识，从理论和实践结合上系统回答了新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义这个重大时代课题，是马克思主义与中国具体实际相结合的又一次飞跃，具有鲜明中国特色、时代特色和实践特色。

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　　在新思想引领下继续推进新时代的实践创新和理论创新。中国特色社会主义现代化前景光明，但在前进道路上将会面临这样或那样的困难和挑战。人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾不会轻易解决；世界经济复苏乏力、局部冲突和动荡频发、全球性问题加剧的外部环境不会轻易改善；中国共产党面临的“四大考验”“四种危险”不会轻易缓和，等等。我们要坚持以最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想指导改革发展新实践，并在实践中推进理论创新。只要我们善于聆听时代声音，勇于坚持真理，21世纪中国的马克思主义就一定能够展现出更强大、更有说服力的真理力量，中国特色社会主义伟大实践就一定能够披荆斩棘、取得全面胜利。

　　在中华民族伟大梦想与中国共产党历史使命的统一中建设新时代

　　实现中华民族伟大复兴，是亿万中国人民长期追求的美好梦想。中国共产党把人民对美好生活的向往当作自己的奋斗目标，自觉承担起领导民族复兴的历史使命，使民族复兴中国梦一步步成为美好现实。

　　只有中国共产党才能找到领导中华民族实现复兴的科学道路。近代以来，无数仁人志士为了民族复兴前赴后继，进行了可歌可泣的斗争，进行了各式各样的尝试，但终究未能改变中国人民的悲惨命运。中国共产党团结带领人民找到了一条以农村包围城市、武装夺取政权的正确革命道路，完成了新民主主义革命，建立了新中国，实现了中国从几千年封建专制政治向人民民主的伟大飞跃；团结带领人民完成社会主义革命，确立社会主义基本制度，推进社会主义建设，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础，实现了中华民族由近代不断衰落到根本扭转命运、持续走向繁荣富强的伟大飞跃；团结带领人民进行改革开放新的伟大革命，破除阻碍国家和民族发展的一切思想和体制障碍，开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，使中国大踏步赶上时代。历史证明，只有坚持中国共产党的领导，才能保证我国沿着中国特色社会主义道路走向现代化、走向伟大复兴。

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　　只有中国共产党才能科学把握新时代实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确方向。方向决定道路，道路决定命运。面对新时代新要求，中国共产党深刻认识到，实现伟大梦想必须进行伟大斗争，全党要更加自觉地坚持党的领导和我国社会主义制度，维护人民利益，投身改革创新时代潮流，维护我国主权、安全、发展利益，防范各种风险；实现伟大梦想必须建设伟大工程，全党要更加自觉地坚定党性原则，勇于直面问题，敢于刮骨疗毒，不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力，永葆旺盛生命力和强大战斗力；实现伟大梦想必须推进伟大事业，全党要更加自觉地增强道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信，保持政治定力，坚持实干兴邦，始终坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。“四个伟大”紧密联系、相互贯通，其中起决定性作用的是党的建设新的伟大工程。中国共产党将不负人民重托、无愧历史选择，以坚强的领导和顽强的奋斗，带领中华民族以崭新姿态屹立于世界东方。

　　 （作者：蒋斌，系广东省委宣传部副部长、广东省中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心常务副主任）

　 　　"Four Grassroots" is a working method and system that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader strongly advocated and formed when he worked in Ningde, Fujian, and it is also a practical innovation of the party’s mass line. The second batch of theme education is more direct and close to the masses and the grassroots. The cadres in party member should carry forward the style of "four basic units", always think about the "to the end", always cultivate the "to the end" and always seek the "to the end" effect, keep in close contact with the masses, take the mass line in the new era and stabilize the road of strengthening the country in the new era.

　　Under the policy guidelines, the grassroots should "bottom out" and ground the ground and gather people’s strength in the downward direction.It is an important goal and task of the Party’s mass work to "go among the masses" so that the Party’s principles and policies can be grasped by the masses and turned into their conscious actions. We must adhere to the principle of "where the masses are, they will go where they preach", and achieve "connecting the antenna and grounding the gas" to accurately, comprehensively and vividly send the party’s innovative theory and good policies to the front line. We should be good at using popular ways to highlight popular propaganda and popular interpretation, make the party’s policy propositions clear and clear, and let the party’s principles and policies "fly into the homes of ordinary people". It is necessary to innovate the form of propaganda, flexibly use various platform carriers, let the masses accept, learn and practice the party’s policy propositions in a subtle way, and truly turn the party’s policy propositions into the conscious actions of the masses.

　　Under the investigation and study, the grassroots should "know the bottom" and explore the truth and increase their motivation in the footsteps.The Party’s correct ideas and scientific decisions can only come from the masses, and can only come from the great practice of the masses. We must persist in investigating and studying this heirloom, always adhere to the mass line, stand firm on the people’s stand, and sincerely listen to the voices of the masses. It is necessary to focus on the main business, start with the people’s urgent difficulties and worries, dive into the front line, go to the project site more, look at the back streets, talk to the grassroots, run to the fields, ask the people about politics, needs and plans, and find out the situation, identify the problems and put forward the countermeasures. It is necessary to adhere to the problem orientation, establish and improve the investigation and research mechanism of "finding problems+solving measures+transforming results", and effectively transform the investigation and research results into work results that promote development and benefit people’s livelihood.

　　Under the reception of letters and visits, the grassroots should "cover the bottom" and solve people’s worries and work together in contact with each other.Letters and visits are a bridge between the party and the government to contact the masses, and a window to directly understand the people’s feelings, observe the people’s opinions and resolve contradictions. We should uphold the principle that the interests of the masses are no small matter, change "sitting in the clinic" into "visiting the clinic", and change "appealing to the masses" into "visiting the next place" for party member cadres. Wherever the contradictions are promoted, the work tentacles will be extended. We should dare to go to places where contradictions are relatively concentrated, problems are relatively complex, and there are many problems left over from history. We should implement them one by one with the spirit of nailing, and strive for results one by one. It is necessary to solve problems for the masses in accordance with the law and regulations, with heart and affection, to do the work of the masses accurately and accurately, to achieve the hearts of the masses, and to strive to promote all kinds of letters and visits to achieve "closing the case" and "resolving the matter with both heart and mind." It is necessary to continuously improve the system of supervising and visiting cadres in party member, visiting them next time, and so on, and promote the normal investigation and resolution of contradictions and disputes, so as to prevent them before, find them early and resolve them in small ways, so as to make the people feel more satisfied and happier.

　　On-site work at the grass-roots level should be "thorough", and the center of gravity should be lowered to solve problems and improve effectiveness.Doing practical and good things for the masses and effectively safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood are the fundamental measures to close the relationship between the party and the masses and the most fundamental mass work. It is necessary to pay close attention to the problems that need development, are urgent for reform, are expected by the grassroots and are desired by the people, and provide accurate and refined services for the grassroots through on-site guidance, on-site coordination and on-site solution. We should take the initiative to focus our work on the grassroots front line, so as not to take refuge in things, not to shirk our responsibilities, to start with the most prominent problems, to "hit hard" to solve the difficult things at the grassroots level and the troubles of the masses, to come up with practical methods and countermeasures, and to turn the "list of problems" into a "list of achievements." To carry forward the style of seeking truth and being pragmatic, we should not only "slowly and steadily" and do it on the spot, but also "run in small steps" and do urgent things urgently. We should also pay attention to working methods and methods, and make regular rectification that can be solved on the spot, so as to make less empty talk and pay close attention to implementation to form an atmosphere and rules. (Author: Wu Changzheng)

On March 26th, China Voice WeChat reported that recently, a large number of fake videos were exposed on short video platforms in Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker. The reporter continued to investigate and found that Tik Tok and Kuaishou, some merchants claimed that big-name lipsticks were made casually, and "Armani", "Dior" and "Givenchy" were 35 yuan; Others showed the process of counterfeiting Japanese famous brand blush with fake flowers and alcohol; There are even sellers who claim that as long as customers have requirements, brand-name bags in counters and various plates can be copied casually.

Why is there a fake video on the short video live broadcast platform launched for the purpose of recording and sharing life? What kind of gray chain exists behind counterfeiting?

Lipstick, blush, liquid foundation and fake videos are presented in large quantities.

Homemade makeup video

Anchor 1: Just made foundation stick, the powder is very delicate, divided into three colors …

Anchor 2: Hello babies, first prepare a fake flower, soak it in alcohol, put it aside for use, then add the broken blush into alcohol and stir it evenly, brush it on the fake flower with a brush, and wait for the alcohol to evaporate. ……

Anchor 3: I’ve already made Dior’s gold-coated lipstick for the customer, which is especially shiny. ……

The above are the video content posted by users in Aauto Quicker and Tik Tok on these two platforms and their WeChat circle of friends. Self-made makeup products such as liquid foundation, blush and lipstick are all internationally renowned brands.

The reporter typed keywords such as "hand-made makeup" and "homemade lipstick" in Tik Tok and Kuaishou, and found that there were indeed a large number of users who posted related videos, and their fans ranged from tens of thousands to hundreds. The content of the videos released was related to making makeup such as lipstick, liquid foundation and nail polish.

From counterfeiting to selling fakes: how does the gray industrial chain work?

Most of these users have a characteristic, that is, they will write their own micro-signals on their notes, and the purpose is to sell their homemade make-up that they broadcast live in Tik Tok and Kuaishou.

The reporter found a Aauto Quicker user with more than 41,000 fans on Aauto Quicker. Her videos showed everything from lipstick to nail polish. Almost thousands of people like each video. Through the micro signal shown above, the reporter got in touch with this Aauto Quicker user in the name of wanting to buy lipstick. According to her introduction, the big-name lipsticks made by herself are all high imitations. After the export red is uniformly made, they are packaged in packaging shells such as Armani, Dior and Givenchy, and labeled, and even the QR code can be scanned:

Aauto Quicker users: There is no brand. Our house is handmade. You can use a big-name lipstick tube.

Reporter: Are they all high imitations?

Aauto Quicker user: Ah, yes. Ordinary pipes cost five yuan more. You also choose your own color number.

Reporter: Do you want to sell it on Aauto Quicker?

Aauto Quicker users: All the videos are recorded on Aauto Quicker, and then they are sold on WeChat.

Reporter: How much is the wholesale price?

Aauto Quicker users: 35 each. If the air cushion is 128 belt replacement. If it’s wholesale, it’s 88 for more than ten boxes. We put up signs and everything.

Reporter: Can you scan out the code?

Aauto Quicker users: You can scan. Both the air cushion and the lipstick can be swept out.

On the Tik Tok, the reporter found a hand-made makeup anchor with more than 4,500 fans through keywords. In her video, there was a video of self-made blush. She soaked a fake flower in alcohol, then added the broken blush to the alcohol and stirred it, and brushed the alcohol-added blush on the fake flower with a brush. Finally, the Japanese brand Raduli’s blush with a market price of 600 to 700 yuan was produced. That is the process of making blush that you heard at the beginning. By adding WeChat on her page, in her circle of friends, she also found the sale of makeup such as blush.

From make-up to shoes and bags, counterfeiting and selling fakes are aimed at high-end big names.

Besides lipstick and other self-made make-up, videos of self-made international brand bags also appeared in Tik Tok and Kuaishou in large numbers. The reporter randomly clicked a user’s video homepage on Aauto Quicker, and videos of famous brand bags such as Chanel, Gucci, lv and Saint Laurent occupied the whole page. Then enter its circle of friends through WeChat, and brand-name bags, clothing, shoes and hats, watches, etc. are being sold at low prices. The user told reporters that the bags and clothes she sells are all high imitations, and buyers need to choose their own products in the WeChat circle of friends, and then negotiate the price with her:

High imitation luxury goods are clearly marked

Aauto Quicker users: It is highly imitated.

Reporter: Ah, high imitation.

Aauto Quicker user: Just choose a version on WeChat. My family has all kinds of plates, all of which are imitation counters. Please ask the customer service. You can see that there are prices in it. Please choose a version first and decide which version is under negotiation. There are too many styles made in my home, all of which imitate the style of the counter.

The key to blocking the fake window: the person in charge of the short video platform has the obligation to review

Then, such a serious fake video is spread on the platform. Does the person in charge of the platform know about it?

The reporter tried to contact through the customer service phone numbers in Aauto Quicker and Tik Tok, but no one answered.. According to the media’s previous interview with the relevant person in charge of Aauto Quicker, the person in charge said that Aauto Quicker Platform strictly manages the promotion and sales activities related to users, and any user’s behavior will be severely dealt with as long as it violates the Advertising Law, the Industrial and Commercial Law or other relevant laws. The relevant person in charge of Tik Tok also told the media that Tik Tok will stop recommending users who are suspected of counterfeiting or other illegal acts, and if the circumstances are serious, they will be directly sealed.

On the one hand, the platform claims to deal with the illegal acts suspected of making and selling fakes, while on the other hand, the acts of making and selling fakes are still going on. Nowadays, there are problems and illegal videos still exist in large numbers. Who is responsible?

Lawyer Yue Shenshan of Beijing Yuecheng Law Firm said that on this issue, the first thing is to regulate and punish the parties involved in making and selling fake products, and the relevant platforms have the obligation to review the broadcast. If the platform uses this illegal video to increase traffic and relax the review conditions, it needs to bear corresponding responsibilities.

Yue Shenshan said that according to the regulations of the network supervision department, the platform has a certain obligation to review the broadcast content. For example, if someone complains, it should be removed from the shelf and disconnected in time. However, the prior supervision of the platform is now limited to its real name, including the qualification or qualification review of the authenticity and registration information of the merchant if it is a merchant. However, for video content, it is reviewed during or after the event. For video websites or platforms, the workload is a bit heavy, but they cannot completely shirk their responsibilities. If it is said that it has existed in a large number and there is evidence to prove that the platform is using this illegal video or content illegal video to promote its own platform and increase traffic, the platform should bear corresponding responsibilities.

In the future, to build a rational network credit system, the personal illegal cost needs to be increased.

From the exposure of the previous live pornographic gambling drugs to the emergence of counterfeiting and selling fakes, how to build a rational network credit system is particularly urgent. In this regard, Liu Deliang, a professor at the Asia-Pacific Network Law Research Center and the Law School of Beijing Normal University, said that law enforcement in the network environment is relatively difficult now, and it is necessary to increase the illegal cost of individuals in the future. We can use mechanisms such as the blacklist of integrity to incorporate the supervision of individual illegal acts into the construction of an honest society.

Professor Liu Deliang said that in fact, counterfeiting is the key. If there is no counterfeiting, there will be no source. However, it is difficult to enforce the law in the network environment when selling fake goods. In the future, it is necessary to increase the cost of illegal activities, including the process from counterfeiting to selling fakes, so that they are afraid to sell fakes again. Let him bear this responsibility once he sells fake goods. In the future, when considering the construction of an honest society, for example, all of them will be blacklisted, and in the future, for example, when they take high-speed trains, planes and make high-end consumption, the effect may be better.

(Original title "Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker into a fake window? The price of international famous brands is surprisingly low here ")

"1.0 is traditional agriculture, 2.0 is mechanized agriculture, 3.0 is digital agriculture or smart agriculture we are talking about today, and 4.0 refers to smart agriculture or unmanned operation in the future." At the Summer Summit of the Beijing News held on the 6th, Li Daoliang, deputy director of the Expert Advisory Committee on Agricultural and Rural Informatization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and professor of China Agricultural University, delivered a keynote speech on "Looking at the Development of Digital Villages in China from a Global Perspective". He introduced that today, digital technology is rapidly changing the traditional agricultural production, rural ecology and farmers’ lives. In the future, unmanned farms and digital villages are not only the trend of social development, but also an important help to ensure food security and promote rural revitalization.

Li Daoliang, Vice Chairman of the Expert Advisory Committee on Agricultural and Rural Informatization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Professor of China Agricultural University.

Global trend, digital technology changes agricultural model

Beijing News:Digital technology is developing rapidly. From the agricultural point of view, what is the current development trend?

Li Daoliang:From a global perspective, there are several main trends. First, the number of agricultural employees is declining. In the United States, the number of agricultural employees has dropped from 70% of the total population to 2% in 100 years. The same is true in other countries. In Israel, the least, the number of agricultural employees is only 0.5%. The number of agricultural employees in China is currently 20%. Second, the proportion of agricultural output value to GDP is also declining. The more developed the society, the smaller the proportion of agricultural output value. At the same time, crop output and agricultural output value will increase, but the proportion will become smaller and smaller. Third, agriculture-related industries have risen rapidly. At the beginning, agriculture was an industry specializing in the production of agricultural products such as grain, meat, eggs, milk and tea. After development, it will develop into new formats such as processing, circulation and tourism, and integrate the first, second and third industries. There is also a trend that machines are gradually replacing people.

Beijing News:What is the relationship between machines replacing people and digital technology?

Li Daoliang:In the past, when it came to agriculture, everyone knew that it was bitter, dirty, tired and poor, but this mode of production was constantly changing. From a global perspective, agricultural production has undergone several important changes. The first is scale, which inevitably requires mechanization to complete labor operations, so mechanization has been realized. After the completion of mechanization, the machine began to be digitally transformed, and then developed into precision agriculture. Through the precise use of water, fertilizer, medicine and bait, the cost was reduced and the maximum profit was obtained. With the development of the Internet, an interconnected system has gradually formed between agricultural equipment, realizing the digitalization and networking of equipment. Later, based on big data, artificial intelligence began to come in handy, and machine substitution became possible, making it possible for fewer people to undertake more agricultural production work.

New farm tools, computers are indispensable tools.

Beijing News:How much does digital technology help agricultural production?

Li Daoliang:Through the transformation of digitalization, networking and equipment, the agricultural production efficiency in some developed countries has undergone major changes. For example, if a farmer employs three to five workers, he can plant 5,000 to 10,000 mu of cultivated land. In terms of facility agriculture, a family of three, employing 30 laborers, can produce 70 tons of tomatoes a day and manage about 200 acres of greenhouses. From the perspective of facility animal husbandry, husband and wife raise 20,000 pigs, and if they raise chickens, they can raise 200,000 chickens, which basically realizes unmanned management. It does not need human participation in chicken feeding, environmental control of henhouse, and egg collection. There is also fish farming, and husband and wife can raise 500 tons of fish a year.　　

Beijing News:How is digital technology reflected in rural construction and rural life?

Li Daoliang:The change of production mode has promoted the change of lifestyle. First of all, in Europe, the United States and other places, computers have become an indispensable tool for farmers’ production and life, and the proportion of families using computers to surf the Internet is close to 100%. China’s mobile phone penetration rate is very high. In rural areas, smart phones and mobile Internet have long been popular, but the use of computers is still relatively low, which is an important difference. Second, data resources have become an important factor of production. For example, in agricultural production, land, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, production technology, prices, various management and decision-making are all based on data, while our country is still based on experience at present.

Beijing News:What role does digital technology play in daily life outside agricultural production?

Li Daoliang:Digital technology plays an important role in the integration of rural and urban areas. The more developed countries are, the smaller the gap between urban and rural areas is. Living in rural areas can also enjoy various services similar to those in cities. Therefore, cities and villages are essentially just two different lives, and there is no great difference in other aspects.

Problems to be Solved There are still challenges in China’s digital villages.

Beijing News:What are the gaps in the development of digital villages in China?

Li Daoliang:First, the status of small farmers in China will exist for a long time, and there are still bottlenecks in the development of large-scale operation. At present, the average operating scale of each household in China is only 8 mu, so it is difficult to use modern technology on such a small scale. Second, the labor productivity, resource utilization rate and land output rate are relatively low. We need 100 farmers for the work completed by one farmer abroad through mechanization. Our resource utilization rate is only half that of developed countries abroad, that is to say, our output is only half that of others with the same resources. For example, one mu of water surface, traditional culture can only raise 1 ton of fish, but with advanced technology, the same area and depth, the output can reach 50 tons. Third, traditional agriculture, which relies on experience and physical strength, may also cause environmental burden. Some farmers always think that as long as more chemical fertilizers are used, they can get more grain, but this is not necessarily the case. And excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides may also lead to pollution of land, rivers and lakes. These are all problems to be solved in the future.

Beijing News:You mentioned the substitution of machines before. What are the prospects of digital technology in terms of people?

Li Daoliang:We are facing the problem of the aging of the agricultural labor force. At present, the average age of the front-line labor force is 55 years old, which is basically part of the post-50 s and post-60 s, and most of them are the main force. The post-80 s are less than 5%, and the post-90 s are less than 1%. In another 30 years, the post-80 s will be 70 years old. We must solve the problem of who will farm in the future. To solve this problem, we also need to rely on modern technology, especially digital technology and intelligent devices.

Future agriculture will move towards the era of agriculture 4.0.

Beijing News:How do you think these problems should be solved?

Li Daoliang:From the perspective of agricultural development, we must first achieve scale and organization in the future. As long as there is scale, farmers’ income will increase. For example, a person can grow 8 acres of land, and it is impossible to be rich by planting anything. But if a person plants 1000 mu of land, or at least 300 mu of land, the income will become relatively considerable at this time. Secondly, realize mechanization and carry out digital transformation on the basis of mechanization, so as to achieve the minimum cost and the highest efficiency. Then realize networking, after networking, data can be shared, and sharing between different data will make production more accurate. After the completion of networking, artificial intelligence based on data will become possible. At this time, agricultural intelligent equipment or robots may appear, and then machine substitution can be completely realized.

Beijing News:You have written about agriculture 4.0 and unmanned farms, and what is the relationship between agriculture 4.0 and unmanned farms?

Li Daoliang:If agriculture 1.0 is traditional agriculture, then 2.0 is mechanized agriculture, 3.0 is current digital agriculture or intelligent agriculture, and 4.0 refers to future intelligent agriculture, unmanned or unmanned production methods. Unmanned farm is a description of the agricultural production mode system in the case of 4.0. Unmanned farm is not that there is no one in this farm, but that there is no one in the production process, manual labor is replaced by machines, and there are still people in the management, sales and service.

Digital rural technology brings future life.

Beijing News:In your opinion, how to realize the vision of unmanned farms in the future?

Li Daoliang:First, the premise of digital village must have digital infrastructure, network access to villages, broadband access to households, and popularization of computers, so that farmers can make use of network and computer technology to carry out modern production, management and life. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of agricultural data centers. Cultivated land, cultivated varieties, yields and various data should be mapped, and a big data platform for agriculture should be established to make data an important resource for agricultural decision-making. Third, strengthen the digital transformation of agricultural machinery, facilities and equipment. At present, the mechanization level of field planting in China has reached 70%, but facility agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products are still 50% and 30% respectively. Therefore, we should strengthen mechanization and carry out digital transformation on the basis of mechanization. Third, strongly encourage production and business units, such as family farms and cooperatives, to realize the networking of production units. Fourth, encourage new forms of rural economy. Promote the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.

Beijing News:In addition to future agriculture, how can rural areas and farmers’ lives be modernized?

Li Daoliang:Digital technology also plays an important role in the modernization of rural areas and farmers. First, the modernization of rural governance is strengthened through digitalization. Secondly, through digital construction, we will promote the equalization of urban and rural public services, such as medical care, finance, payment, nutrition, health and sanitation in rural areas, and improve the service level in these areas through the construction of digital platforms and digital systems. Third, promote the green development of rural areas by informationization, such as strengthening the management of rural wastes, strengthening the reform and governance of rural toilets, and promoting the construction of beautiful countryside.

Beijing News reporter Zhou Huaizong

Beijing News Client August 6, 2022

Chongqing dianying group photo

1905 movie network news　Recently, Guoman Ne Zha officially opened the first round of advanced screening. In the thousands of screenings ahead of schedule, almost every venue was "packed", and some cities even had the situation that "one ticket is hard to find". The film was posted on Weibo Hot Search for 2 consecutive days, which triggered a hot discussion on the whole network and set off the audience’s "tap water" full score of Amway. In the latest comments such as Douban and Cat’s Eye, praise words such as "the light of the country", "the explosion" and "opening the universe of gods" appear continuously, forming a five-star praise. Among them, Tian Xiaopeng, the director of Guo Man’s masterpiece, personally wrote a document praising Nezha as an infinitely good work. Many netizens also carefully created fan paintings, fan articles, rambling and other content to express their high love and support for the film.

Following his appearance in Chengdu, on July 14th, director jiaozi was pleasantly surprised to parachuted into Chongqing again, having face-to-face communication with local audiences and sharing interesting stories behind the film production. As the first domestic animated film of IMAX, Ne Zha will officially land in the national cinema on July 26th.

I cried and laughed, and I was praised by the whole network. The most burning Nezha spirit touched the audience

After the first round of thousands of screenings, the movie Ne Zha’s "Crazy Harvest" won a strong reputation among the audience and became another must-see masterpiece in summer. The film is full of jokes, such as the contrast of "black eye" Nezha and the special setting of Taiyi real Sichuan dialect, and the surprise "baggage" is full of all aspects of the film. Some of the movie-watching scenes laughed more than 100 times in 2 hours, and many netizens even commented interestingly, "Laughing till the ground trembled". The film about Nezha’s unrecognized loneliness as a child, Nezha and his father Li Jing’s common struggle against destiny and other fragments made many viewers cry. Some viewers said that they thought of their experiences with their parents, and they felt the same "crying without a pack of paper". In many movie theaters, there were even scenes where a row of people collectively took paper towels to wipe their tears.

Ne Zha Deng re sou

The most popular image of Nezha, the protagonist of the film, "My life is up to me" also aroused enthusiastic response from the audience. From Nezha, the magic boy who sang doggerel, to the successful transformation of the hero who changed his life. Nezha’s unyielding, uncompromising and unbelieving spiritual core "ignited" the hearts of many audiences, collectively applauding to express their excitement, and even "more than 200 people waited for the eggs for three minutes before leaving". In addition, many exciting battle scenes in the film, such as 30 seconds to the end of the lens, gave the audience a more shocking audio-visual experience on the big screen.

　The content of "dead hacking" creates a masterpiece of word of mouth and polishes a lens for two months.

As a film, there are many smiles and tears. Behind Ne Zha, director jiaozi is almost obsessed with the film itself. Scripting, film scripts polished for up to 2 years, from the overall story frame to a character’s lines, are repeatedly overturned and revised with high standards that are almost harsh. Sometimes, for the sake of "a joke", the whole team has experienced the "pain" of wanting to break their heads. Knock on the lens, each lens in the film has to be polished dozens of times on average before it passes. Among them, it took more than two months to grind the lens of Jiangshan country map to reach the passing standard. At the scene of the road show, director jiaozi quipped that the difficulty in making the film and the low pass rate made the staff "leave a lot". This spirit of "death" finally won the audience’s reputation that "the script is not the weakness of domestic movies at last" and "the story and special effects are both wonderful"

Jiaozi, director of Chongqing Dianying, communicated with the audience.

Ne Zha devoted a lot of time and energy to director jiaozi. According to the voice actors, the director jiaozi not only accompanied them all the time during the voice-dubbing, but also recorded the voice-dubbing demo for the role himself, trying to let the voice actors deeply understand the emotion of the role. In order to achieve a vivid dubbing effect, this film is unconventional, dubbing first and then making, and the expressions of all the dubbing actors are collected on the corresponding movie characters, and the faces of the characters are the expressions of the dubbing actors at that time. This change doubled the production time, but also achieved more realistic results. When asked about the original goal of the film, director jiaozi said: "We don’t have a specific goal, we just do our best."

In the shadow of the "party door" scandal, former British Prime Minister Johnson announced his resignation as a member of the lower house of parliament on the 9 th. Shortly thereafter, two other Conservative MPs decided to follow in Johnson’s footsteps. This means that the Conservative Party now faces a by-election for three seats in Parliament. While the opposition is eyeing up, this farce has become the latest problem facing Prime Minister Sunak.

Resign in succession

Johnson said in his resignation statement that the decision was related to the investigation surrounding the "Party Gate" scandal. The "gathering door" refers to the scandal that the British Prime Minister’s Office and other government offices held meetings many times in violation of epidemic prevention regulations during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 and 2021, which was one of the reasons why Johnson was forced to resign as prime minister last July.

After the scandal was exposed, Johnson once denied the violation, saying that he mistakenly thought it was a work activity. Since last year, the Privileged Committee of the Lower House of Parliament began to investigate whether Johnson had lied to the parliament about the "party door", and announced in March this year that he had received the materials delivered by Johnson. In these materials, Johnson admitted misleading the parliament, but denied deliberately doing it.

According to the British media, the Privilege Committee has the right to suggest that Johnson suspend his duties as a member of parliament, and suspending his duties for more than 10 days may trigger a by-election in his constituency.

However, without waiting for the "official announcement" of the Privilege Committee, Johnson announced his resignation first. He said that the Privilege Committee failed to prove that it misled Parliament intentionally, but was determined to take action to expel him from Parliament. Some commentators said that this statement is reminiscent of former US President Trump on the other side of the Atlantic.

Shortly thereafter, Nadine dorris, former Minister of Culture, and Nigel Adams, former Minister of State for Asia-Pacific Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, decided to follow in Johnson’s footsteps. This means that the Conservative Party now faces a by-election for three seats in Parliament, which is expected to be held before the summer vacation.

It is reported that there is another thing that makes Johnson dissatisfied, that is, who can be commended for making important contributions during his tenure as prime minister. It is reported that Johnson tried to take this opportunity to cram three of his parliamentary allies, including dorris and Adams, into the upper house of parliament, and was assured by Sunak. However, the facts show that Johnson failed to get what he wanted, and Sunak also denied making relevant commitments, and said that the list was reviewed by an independent Committee of the upper house of parliament.

"Gong Dou" resurfaced?

Since taking office as Prime Minister in October last year, Sunak seems to have temporarily put an end to the continuous turmoil in British politics, but the latest scene evokes people’s memories of the "palace fight" drama in British politics.

After all, Sunak was once one of Johnson’s "right-hand men", and in July last year, Sunak’s resignation was regarded as one of the "fuses" for Johnson to step down. Therefore, some commentators said that these three by-elections are like the mines laid by Johnson in Sunak’s government, and Johnson may not sympathize with Sunak now.

However, there are indications that this does not seem to be a rebellion initiated by Johnson. First, because Johnson reacted excitedly after learning the preliminary findings of the Privilege Committee, it was not like acting. Second, there are no more members to follow Johnson’s resignation, and the chaos within the Conservative Party is temporarily controllable.

"I don’t think this is part of an elaborate plot to shake and overthrow Sunak," said Guto Harri, a former spokesman for Johnson.

At the same time, Grant Shapps, a senior cabinet minister, denied that the Privileges Committee was biased and that Johnson was expelled by the "establishment". He said that in the seven-member privilege Committee, the Conservative Party is in the majority.

At present, the election of three by-elections and Johnson’s political fate are more concerned by public opinion. In multiple contexts, these three by-elections are regarded as the first major test that Sunak has faced since he took office.

First of all, the Conservative Party has performed poorly in Tiverton and other constituencies in recent years, losing several seats. Secondly, the current economic situation in Britain still needs to be improved, and the support rate of the Conservative Party is unstable, even leading by the Labour Party by 15 percentage points in the polls. In addition, Britain may usher in a general election next autumn, and Sunak will certainly not want to see chaos within the party, or even be overshadowed by the opposition party.

However, Labour has seen an opportunity. Pat McFadden, a Labour MP, said that these three by-elections will prove that the Labour Party is not in a desperate situation. "We will fight for victory."

At present, Labour candidate Danny Bierce has targeted Johnson’s previous seat in Axbridge constituency. According to the British media, this is an easy goal for the Labour Party, given that the local advantages of the Conservative Party are not obvious.

In contrast, Adams and dorris have a stronger support base in Selby constituency and Middle Bedfordshire constituency, and the opposition party will face certain challenges. In addition, the Liberal Democrats may also compete for seats in the Central Bedfordshire constituency.

Can you make a comeback?

As for Johnson’s political fate, whether he will easily give up his ups and downs as a member of parliament for more than 20 years has aroused concern.

On the one hand, Johnson’s position in Westminster has declined. An example is that in March this year, Johnson’s attempt to undermine the Northern Ireland agreement signed by Sunak failed to cause much uproar in Parliament.

"He (Johnson) has retired from the current political arena." Shapus said.

Senator Tim Loughton agreed that it was time for Johnson to "keep quiet and let the adults in the government" continue their work.

On the other hand, Johnson still has a certain influence in the party. After all, he led Britain to "Brexit" and led the Conservative Party to win a big victory in the 2019 general election.

Congressman Mark Jenkinson felt "very sad" that the "political giant" was forced to leave the lower house of parliament, and accused it of "political persecution".

However, according to local media reports, there are only a few Conservative MPs who lament that Johnson’s political career will end. Jacob August Riis Mogg, a former cabinet minister, thinks that Johnson is still expected to make a comeback. Reese Mogg is one of the members of the Johnson administration who was commended.

Johnson himself hinted at his resignation that this was only a "temporary" decision, leaving a lot of suspense. Some critics say that if Johnson is re-elected as a member of the House of Commons in the next election, he will follow in the footsteps of his idol Winston Churchill, who often changes seats in parliament.

(Edit email: ylq@jfdaily.com)

When it comes to hot pot, it is the favorite of many people now. Hot pot controllers will feel that their lives are incomplete if they don’t eat hot pot for a few days. On the occasion of the great cold, it would be beautiful and quick to eat a steaming hot pot with overflowing aroma!

In fact, not only modern people, but also many famous people in ancient times were crowded with hot pot. According to Sandu Fu, hot pot has a history of more than 1700 years, but it was not called hot pot at that time, but called "antique soup". That is, at that time, the hairy belly was also included in Sandu Fu together with the antique soup, and there was a famous saying that "the Han Palace ate hot pot at sunset, and every family was drunk." It can be seen that Zuo Si, a romantic figure in Wei and Jin Dynasties, favored hot pot, and the origin of celebrities and hot pot began from then on. Then, let’s take a look at it with Xiaobian today. What other historical celebrities also like hot pot!

Chrysanthemum hotpot began with Tao Yuanming.

As we all know, Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, loved chrysanthemums alone. It is said that he not only invented chrysanthemum wine, but also created chrysanthemum hot pot. Every autumn, he would "pick chrysanthemums under the hedge". One day, he had a whim: what would it taste like if chrysanthemum petals were sprinkled into hot pot? It must taste good. So he cut off the white chrysanthemums in full bloom in the garden, broke off the petals and washed them, and put them into the hot pot. Later, whenever chrysanthemums were in full bloom, Tao Yuanming entertained his friends with chrysanthemum hot pot, and chrysanthemum hot pot was born.

Not only Tao Yuanming but also Empress Dowager Cixi loves chrysanthemum hot pot, which is her way of keeping in good health.

In order to keep her youthful years, Empress Dowager Cixi made an imperial decree to go to the imperial dining room together, and took "three treasures of health" as her special diet. This scene is recorded in "The Fragrance of the Royal Fragrance" written by Ms. De Ling, a close-fitting female official: Every late autumn and early winter, the imperial dining room chooses chrysanthemum petals every day, passes them through Shui Piao with alum, washes them with clear water, and when the chicken soup is boiled in a warm pot, the fish slices are served first, and then the chrysanthemum petals are served, which makes the hot pot doubly fragrant and delicious.

Chrysanthemum tastes bitter and flat, which benefits qi and blood for a long time, makes people fit, resists old age and prolongs life. Cixi designated chrysanthemum hot pot as her winter royal meal, which is really an insightful way to keep fit.

Kublai Khan named instant-boiled mutton.

Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan loved hot pot very much, and he named the famous "instant-boiled mutton" in Beijing. It is said that when Kublai Khan was commander in chief, one winter, the troops suddenly wanted to leave, and he was hungry and wanted to eat mutton very much. It’s definitely too late to stew mutton now. In a hurry, the chef sliced the mutton, boiled it in a boiling pot, and added seasonings such as salt powder and chopped green onion. Kublai Khan shouted delicious food after tasting it and led the army to win the battle. Later, a celebration banquet was held, and he paid special attention to the chef to share the mutton slices he ate on the battlefield with the soldiers as the grand finale, and named them "instant-boiled mutton".

Zhu Yuanzhang shouchuang feng mutton hotpot

According to legend, "Fengyang Hot Pot" was the initiative of Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of the Ming Dynasty. On a silver hot pot in Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, there was an inscription on the left with "Children and grandchildren are full" and on the right with "Magpies falling their eyebrows". It can be roughly speculated that Zhu Yuanzhang was in a good mood when eating hot pot.

Gan long yue chi 66 ci hotpot

Of all dynasties, the Qing people were the ones who liked and ate hot pot best. The tableware of hot pot in Qing Dynasty is dazzling, and the types of hot pot are also rich and colorful, making it a famous "palace dish". In the court of Qing dynasty, there were many "warm pots" and "hot pots" in the daily diet records, which was another name for hot pot.

Almost every emperor in the Qing dynasty liked to eat hot pot, especially Qianlong. As long as the weather turned cold, almost every meal was served with hot pot. Take the imperial cuisine archives from August 16th to September 16th in the 44th year of Qianlong (AD 1779) as an example. During this month, Qianlong shared 23 kinds of hot pots and used them 66 times.

Among these hot pots, there are soup bases such as chicken and duck hot pot, Shuyi hot pot, whole sheep hot pot, yellow sheep slice hot pot, and different ingredients such as venison, dog meat, tofu and various vegetables. Don’t worry about it. Jin Yi and Shen Yiling sorted out the situation of eating hot pot in the palace according to the memory of the ladies in the late Qing Dynasty in "Talking to the Maids". "Since October 15th, every meal has been filled with assorted pots and instant-boiled mutton, and the northeast’s habit is to eat sauerkraut, blood sausage, white meat, white sliced chicken and cut belly. We often eat this kind of pot ","and sometimes we eat pheasant pot. Anyway, we have three whole months to eat pots. "

Eating hot pot for three months, it seems that it is not easy to be an emperor, and the stomach can stand the test of hot pot.

You can see how luxurious the hot pot Ganlong ate from the bottom file of Qing Palace food preserved in the archives. For example, in the 16th day of the first month of the 30th year of Qianlong, the first dish was a bird’s nest, red and white duck, and the first dish for dinner that day was a bird’s nest, duck and hot pot. On the seventeenth day of the first month, the first dish is bird’s nest, fat chicken and fish, and the first dish for dinner is pheasant hot pot; On the 18th day of the first month, we had breakfast, the first dish was fried chicken, stir-fried meat and stewed sauerkraut, and the first dish for dinner was lotus seed and duck.

Among the many hot pot ingredients that Ganlong loves, there is a "wild hot pot", which is still popular among the people in Northeast China. This hot pot is made of tin, which is divided into upper and lower layers. It is not as high as a foot. In the middle, copper is used as a fire tube to burn charcoal. When the soup is boiling, all the preserved meat, chicken and fish are cooked, and their taste is delicious. The rich have both ginseng and tendons, supplemented by pigs, sheep, cows, fish, chickens, ducks, pheasants, shrimps, crab meat or dumplings. " Most of these game products are specialties of Daxing ‘anling and Changbai Mountain in Northeast China. Manchu nobles like to ride horses and hunt, and it is not difficult to get these game products from the mountains.

Ganlong also likes to have fun with the people and hold hot pot dam banquets many times. In the forty-eighth year of Qianlong (1783), on the tenth day of the first month, he hosted 530 tables of hot pot at a time in the banquet hall of Ganqing Palace. In the fifty years of Qianlong (1785) and the sixty years of Qianlong (1795), he held two thousand banquets, inviting old people from all over the country to the palace for dinner. On the first-class table, there were "one silver and tin hot pots" and on the second-class table, there were "two copper hot pots", so that the old people could eat steaming food after the red tape. When I arrived at Jiaqing Emperor, it was even more "awkward". At the enthronement ceremony, 1,550 tables of hot pot banquets were held, and more than 5,000 people were invited to taste it. The scene was spectacular.

(Source: Guangming. com, Huaxi Dushi Bao)

[Disclaimer] The texts, pictures, audio and video that are not marked with "Source: Upstream News-chongqing morning post" or "Upstream News LOGO" on the upstream news client are all reposted. If the reposted manuscript involves copyright issues, please contact the upstream news.

　　Dairy is an important product to improve the quality of life of residents, and it is an indispensable industry to build a healthy China. In recent years, China has continuously implemented the high-quality milk project and continuously promoted the high-quality development of domestic dairy industry. At present, 71 dairy enterprises in 28 provinces have implemented high-quality milk projects. In 2023, the output of high-quality pasteurized milk accounted for 97% of the total pasteurized milk in China.

　　This is what the reporter learned from the analysis of the development situation of dairy industry held on March 30 and the work promotion meeting of the National Dairy Science and Technology Innovation Alliance in 2024.

　　The picture shows the dairy industry development situation analysis and the work promotion meeting of the National Dairy Science and Technology Innovation Alliance in 2024 held on March 30th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Xiaojie photo

　　Wei Lin, director of the Dairy Department of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that from 2019 to 2023, the average annual growth rate of dairy production in China reached 6.2%, and China’s dairy industry is constantly moving towards production standardization, supply diversification, product quality and industrial integration. In 2023, the scale rate of dairy farming in China is about 75%, the average annual yield of dairy cows reaches 9.4 tons, and the quality of raw milk remains at a high level. The monitoring results showed that in 2023, the average contents of milk fat and milk protein were 3.91% and 3.28%, respectively, and the main nutrition and hygiene reached the level of developed dairy industry.

　　It is reported that since the National Dairy Science and Technology Innovation Alliance was led by the dairy innovation team of Beijing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2016, it has vigorously implemented high-quality milk projects. By 2023, 66 high-quality milk standards have been issued, and a standardized technical system for the whole industry chain of high-quality milk projects has been created.

　　At the meeting, the National Dairy Science and Technology Innovation Alliance signed a strategic cooperation agreement with relevant enterprises on "identification of characteristic components of saline-alkali milk" and "research and development of strontium-rich functional primary milk", which will further promote the research and development of specific quality of local fresh milk in China.

　　Experts attending the meeting pointed out that at present, China’s milk consumption is still at a low level and there is a large room for growth. It is necessary to further optimize the supply and demand structure of milk products, enhance the competitiveness of domestic dairy industry and cultivate milk consumption.

　　Zhang Mingfu, secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the next step will be to give full play to the advantages of science and technology platform and resources, support the National Dairy Science and Technology Innovation Alliance to take the high-quality milk project as the starting point, actively explore new modes of cooperation between science and enterprises, and make greater contributions to promoting the revitalization of the dairy industry. (Reporter Zhang Xiaojie, Yu Wenjing)